• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.374-381
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• 2009

To meet the soaring demand recently, South Korea big shipbuilders are examining two things. One is new investment in plant and equipment. The other is replacement of production resources. Considering plant & equipment investment and replacement of production resources, even if actual production ability would be enough, the real output could be affected by limitation of logistics with lack of analysis. As we set up big shipyard in virtual space, we could perform actual production by using confirm production plan in virtual space. We've analyzed the load of block stock, load of road and load of transporter for logistics effects are followed by production increase. This research is to determine the possible problems of those analyzed results and to present the resolution using the current layout. And then modified yard layout, we reanalyzed previous three logistics effects. This simulation model could help administrator to make rational decision for changing yard layout.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2002년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.307-313
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• 2002

Urban style row-rise houses for rent have been supplied to the center of city from the 1950's first half The amount of stock is about 450,000 houses and occupies about 40％ in the private rented house. As for the structure, the 60％ of them is wooden-structure and the rest is non-wooden. Stocks of 57.5％ of the wooden-structure and 86％ of the non-wooden were built after 1981 years. It was 1981 years that the new earthquake-resistant standard was carried out, the improvement of stocks built before 1981 is necessary because those don't satisfy the present standard. To investigate the renovation possibility of urban style row-rise houses for rent, actual situation of two-story apartment at 2,4, and 5 Chome Taito-Ku in Tokyo was surveyed from July to November 2001. The number of building analyzed is 227 ridges among 234 ridges of the surveyed two-story building. 90％ of building analyzed is wooden structure. 1) The site of 88％ building surveyed is close to a road less than 4m width. It becomes the existing non-conformed building in the building construction act. It is impossible to make a renovation such as rebuilding, extension and remodeling because it requires the set back when renovating this type of non-conformed building, 2) The building built before 1981 is almost wooden-structure, and occupies 37％ of the building surveyed, and doesn't satisfy the present earthquake-resistant standard. An improvement of them is needed because the decrepitude of building proceeds. 3) 50％ of openings and 40％ of windows of the building surveyed doesn't use noncombustible materials. Though it becomes the existing non-conformed building, it can satisfy the present standard by replacing openings with noncombustible materials.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.761-767
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• 2011

Since the "Low Carbon, Green Growth" as a social requirements is attracted public attention, the policies and investments of the railway which have been less estimated than road is re-considered. Since the starting the commercial service (2004. April), the KTX have been operated successfully while transport passengers over 100million for years. And also the project for development of KHST (Korea High Speed Train ; G7) had been accomplished with a good result, the first trainset of KTX-II which base on G7 project was manufactured and testing now. On the other hand, the world's technology of the high speed train is more faster, and changing to a distributed traction system. To catch up the world's leading technology, the HEMU(High-speed Electric Multiple Unit) project will secure new technology and aims to promote the technology of domestic high-speed train. The authors indicates the result of detail review such as a curve, slope of the track and electrical dead section of the catenary to test at 400kph and also the performance simulation of the developed rolling stock in this paper. As the result, the authors devise the test scenario to perform a maximum speed test (stability at max. speed, acceleration & deceleration etc) with the restricted conditions such as track length, track available time etc by considering above result.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.297-304
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• 2020

This paper applies the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to compute the managerial efficiency of 30 insurance companies listed on the Saudi stock exchange for the duration of four years from 2015 to 2018. The companies taken as a sample of study included both conventional and Takaful insurance companies. The insurance sector of KSA is one of the largest sectors in the country, contributing a substantial percentage in the non-oil economy. Efficiency measurement and evaluation will provide a venue to introspect and benchmark frontiers to the sector. In the present study, we have utilized the basic Banker Charnes Cooper and Charnes Copper Rhodes models of DEA. Two inputs, namely, general & administrative expenses and policy & acquisition costs, and two outputs (Net premium earned and Investment Income & other incomes) were taken for efficiency calculations. The final outcomes of the study reveal that a good number of insurance companies operating in KSA are found to be efficient on managerial efficiency scale. Three firms remain the leader on the frontier of the managerial efficiency. And no company found with zero (0) efficiency or a negative efficiency. It is expected that the outcome of the study will provide benchmarks to managers and a road map to further improvement.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.374-377
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• 2005

Automobile is in charge of most transportation system in modern urban city. However, in fact, cause of problem of road state, environment, and the other reasons, urban transit system is using as Mass Transit nowadays. Nevertheless Urban transit system is considering many kind of safety fact of that system which is increasing continuously nowadays, it occurs various train accident. This paper describes 3D Dimensional Measurement(EDM testing) and tensile testing results of carbody structure for crashed EMU(Electric Multiple Units). Tensile tests were performed on two different types of specimens in order to evaluate the strength changes before and after damages, obtained from plastic deformed area and nondeformed region of the crashed EMU. And Structural analysis of EMU was performed for the criteria of safety assessment. Structural analysis using commercial I-DEAS software provided important information on the stress distribution and load transfer mechanisms as well as the amount of damages during rolling stock crash. The testing results have been used to provide the critical information for the criteria of safety diagnosis.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 특별세미나,특별/일반세션
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• pp.429-433
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• 2009

Since the "Low Carbon, Green Growth" as a social requirements is attracted public attention, the policies and investments of the railway which have been less estimated than road is re-considered. Since the starting the commercial service (2004. April), the KTX have been operated successfully while transport passengers over 100million for years. And also the project for development of KHST (Korea High Speed Train ; G7) had been accomplished with a good result, the first trainset of KTX-II which base on G7 project was manufactured and testing now. On the other hand, the world's technology of the high speed train is more faster, and changing to a distributed traction system. To catch up the world's leading technology, the HEMU(High-speed Electric Multiple Unit) project will secure new technology and aims to promote the technology of domestic high-speed train. The authors indicates the result of detail review such as a curve, slope of the track and electrical dead section of the catenary to test at 400kph and also the performance simulation of the developed rolling stock in this paper. As the result, the authors devise the test scenario to perform a maximum speed test (stability at max. speed, acceleration & deceleration etc) with the restricted conditions such as track length, track available time etc by considering above result.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제87권1호
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• pp.82-89
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• 1998

임도공사지의 토공작업을 대상으로 $0.8m^3$용량의 굴삭기와 $1.0m^3$굴삭기를 사용하여 임도시공시 토공작업의 작업시간, 작업능률, 그리고 작업능률에 영향을 미치는 임도의 선형요소를 분석하였다. 1일 작업시간은 평균 8시간 23분으로 조사되었고, 총작업시간(Total working time) 중 순수작업시간(Net working time)이 85.7%, 여유시간이 14.3%로 조사되었으며, 순수작업시간(Net working time) 중 흙 운반(St)과 절토(Ec)의 비율이 38.6%와 32.5%를 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 작업능률을 분석한 결과, $0.8m^3$용량의 굴삭기로 토사지역에서 작업을 한 경우 직선부의 작업능률이 곡선부보다 약 1.4배 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 직선부에서 $0.8m^3$용량의 굴삭기로 작업을 수행한 경우 버켓을 이용한 토사작업의 능률이 브레이커를 이용한 암작업의 작업능률보다 약 9.1배 높은 것으로 나타났다. 토사지역에서 $0.8m^3$ 및 $1.0m^3$용량의 굴삭기로 작업을 수행한 결과, 직선부와 곡선부에서 $1.0m^3$용량의 굴삭기가 $0.8m^3$보다 약 1.3배의 작업능률을 보였다. 그리고, 토사지역에서 $0.8m^3$용량을 굴삭기를 대상으로 작업능률과 이에 영향을 미치는 임도의 선형요소를 분석한 결과, 곡선반지름, 노폭, 사면경사가 작업능률에 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었으며, 벌채된 지장목의 벌근경과 본수는 작업능률에 거의 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 조사되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.485-490
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• 2001

Farmers in the centre of Vietnam have a tradition of dosing young cattle with groundnut oil before fattening them on a diet of rice straw and road-side grass. These farmers claim the cattle grow faster. It was hypothesized that the effect of the oil could be to eliminate the protozoa from the rumen. This is known to increase the net microbial growth efficiency in the rumen and increase the protein supply to the animal. To test this hypothesis, two experiments were undertaken; one on-station with four cattle fitted with rumen cannulae and the second a growth trial with 25 young cattle in smallholder farms. When the cannulated animals were drenched with groundnut oil, the protozoa were eliminated from the rumen and animals could be kept free of protozoa by isolation. The ammonia concentration in the rumen fluid was decreased when the protozoa were eliminated and there was an indication of improved rumen dry matter degradability of the forage components of the diet. In the practical condition on the smallholder farms, the growth rates of cattle drenched with groundnut oil were increased considerably (65%) compared with untreated control animals. The laboratory results when taken together with the on-farm results indicate that these resource-poor farmers had been able to defaunate their cattle and to maintain the fauna-free state by isolation of their animals from extraneous stock. This traditional practice in Central Vietnam, whereby one family keeps only one or two animals that are hand fed and tethered, has quite a large potential for all of those countries where animals are fed agro-industrial by-products, as it is highly economic. The use of 1 litre of oil compared with 1 kg of rice polishing per day (300 kg over 300 days), would be highly profitable in all countries of South-East Asia.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.284-290
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• 2009

최근 국내에서도 대도시의 도로 교통 혼잡과 그로 인한 환경오염으로 인해 신교통시스템의 중요성이 증대하고 있는 가운데 기존 지하철의 과중한 건설비 및 운영비 부담을 대체할 수단으로서 신교통시스템의 도입에 대해 적극적인 정책을 수립하고 있는 실정이다. 현재의 도시교통의 문제점을 해결하고 미래 도시교통의 모습을 새롭게 만든다는 의미에서 신교통시스 템에 대한 분명한 인식과 도입방안에 대한 검토가 시급한 시점으로, 신교통 차량시스템은 효율적인 서비스 제공 및 교통문제 해결을 위해 다양한 형태로 발전해 왔으며, 전용 주행로를 갖는 철도시스템의 장점인 정시성 및 안전성과 버스의 장점인 유연성을 만족시킬수 있는 시스템으로 개발되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 신교통시스템 도입시 차량시스템 선정시 고려사항 및 기존노면 교통수단과 공용으로 주행로를 사용할 수 있는 차량시스템으로 저상굴절버스, 노면전차, GRT(Guided Rapid Transit, 유도 고속차량) 시스템의 해외운행 사례 및 시스템을 비교, 장단점을 중심으로 고찰 하고자 한다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제74권1호
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• pp.67-81
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• 1986

우리나라 활엽수림(闊葉樹林)의 실태(實態)와 임분구조(林分構造)를 조사(調査)하기 위하여 계통적(系統的) 유출법(抽出法)에 의하여 전국(全國)에 표본점(標本點)을 배치(配置)하고 그중 제주도(濟州道)를 제외(除外)한 활엽수성림(關葉樹成林)에 배치(配置)된 1,000개(個)의 표본점(標本點)에 대(對)하여 항공사진(航空寫眞)을 이용(利用)한 토지병용법(土地倂用法)에 의하여 임분구조(林分構造)를 조사분석(調査分析)하였다. 활엽수성림(關葉樹成林)의 면적(面積)은 818,286ha로서 전체삼림면적(全體森林面積)의 12.7% 이었다. 축적(蓄積)은 $38,890,779m^3$로서 전체삼림축적(全體森林蓄積)의 27.4 %이었다. 활엽수성림(關葉樹成林)의 전국(全國) 평균(平均) 임분밀도(林分密度)는 947 본(本)/ha, 흉고(胸高) 단면적(斷面積) $11.17m^2/ha$, 흉고직경(胸高直徑) 11.30cm, 수고(樹高) 7.65 m, 축적(蓄積) $44.96m^3/ha$, 1급목본수(級木本數) 478 본(本)/ha, 연년재적생장량(連年材積生長量) $3.64m^3/ha$ 이었다. 지역별(地域別)로 보면 3개(個) 영림서(營林署) 소관국유림(所管國有林)이 비교적(比較的) 개체본(個體本)의 크기가 크고 축적(蓄積)이 많았으며 8개(個) 도(道)중에서는 전북(全北), 충남(忠南)이 비교적(比較的) 양호(良好)한 임본구조(林分構造)를 보였다. 전국적(全國的)으로 볼 때 활엽수성림(關葉樹成林)은 표고(標高) 300~900m에 64.7%. 경사도(傾斜度) $25^{\circ}$ 이상(以上)에 79.8 %, 북향사면(北向斜面)에 52.7 %가 분포(分布)하고 있었다. 이것은 타연구(他硏究)와 비교(比較)할 때 침엽수림(針葉樹林)에 비(比)하여 표고(標高)가 높고 경사(傾斜)가 급(急)한 북향사면(北向斜面)에 주(主)로 분포(分布)하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 자동차도로(自動車道路))와 자연부락(自然部落)까지의 거리(距離), 표고(標高), 경사도(傾斜度)에 따른 임분구조(林分構造)의 변화(變化) 경향(傾向)은 지역(地域)에 따라 다소(多少) 차이(差異)가 있었으나 전반적(全般的)으로 자동차도로(自動車道路)와 자연부락(自然部落)까지의 거리(距離), 표고(標高)가 증가(增加)함에 따라 임분(林分)의 성장상태(成長狀態)가 양호(良好)해지는 경향(傾向)을 보였다. 이러한 이유(理由)는 인간(人間)의 생활권(生:活권)에 가까운 저지대(低地帶)일수록 삼림(森林)의 파괴도(破壞度)가 심(甚)하기 때문이라고 해석(解析)되었다.