• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.795-801
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 요트 계류장과 같은 소형 해상 부유체의 위기수준을 모니터링하기 위한 확률 기반 위기평가기법(Probability based risk Evaluation Techniques, PET)의 이론적인 접근 방법을 기술하였다. PET는 5단계 척도의 위기 기준을 이용한 위기 판단 절차가 핵심 개념이다. 이러한 5단계 척도들은 폐형 공식을 이용한 해상 부유체 운동의 응답함수에 대한 누적확률분포에서 계산했다. 그리고 위기기준을 갖는 PET의 위기판단 절차를 제안하였다. PET의 유용성 검증을 위하여 시뮬레이션 실험을 하였는데, 실험에는 해상 부유체의 운동 측정에 사용할 ADIS16405 센서의 전기특성을 갖는 모의 신호를 이용하였다. 실험결과, PET의 위기평가 오차는 최대 5.0 수준에서 0.38 수준으로 나타났다. 이 결과로부터 제안한 PET가 모니터링 기법으로 사용 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2014

Human error is one of the major contributors to the accidents. A lot of risk assessment techniques have been developed for prevention of accidents. Nevertheless, most of them were interested in physical factors, because quantitative evaluation of human errors was difficult quantitatively. According to lack of risk assessment techniques about human errors, most of industrial risk assessment for human errors were based on data of accident analysis. In order to develop an effective countermeasure to reduce the risk caused by human errors, a systematic analysis is needed. Generally, risk assessment system is composed of 5 step(classification of work activity, identification of hazards, risk estimation, evaluation and improvement). This study aimed to develop a risk identification technique for human errors that could mainly be applied to industrial fields. In this study, Ergo-HAZOP and Comprehensive Human Error Analysis Technique were used for developing the risk identification technique. In the proposed risk identification technique, Ergo-HAZOP was used for broad-brush risk identification. More critical risks were analysed by Comprehensive Human Error Analysis Technique. In order to verify applicability, the proposed risk identification technique was applied to the work of pile head cutting. As a consequence, extensive hazards were identified and fundamental countermeasures were established. It is expected that much attention would be paid to prevent accidents by human error in industrial fields since safety personnel can easily fint out hazards of human factors if utilizing the proposed risk identification technique.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.260-266
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• 2008

Recently, there has been scientific discussion on the utility of -omics techniques such as genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics within toxicological research and mechanism-based risk assessment. Toxicogenomics is a novel approach integrating the expression analysis of genes (genomic) or proteins (proteomic) with traditional toxicological methods. Since 1999, the toxicogenomic approach has been extensively applied for regulatory purposes in order to understand the potential toxic mechanisms that result from chemical compound exposures. Therefore, this article's purpose was to consider the utility of toxicogenomic profiles for improved risk assessment, explore the current limitations in applying toxicogenomics to regulation, and finally, to rationalize possible avenues to resolve some of the major challenges. Based on many recent works, the significant impact toxicogenomic techniques would have on human health risk assessment is better identification of toxicity pathways or mode-of-actions (MOAs). In addition, the application of toxicogenomics in risk assessment and regulation has proven to be cost effective in terms of screening unknown toxicants prior to more extensive and costly experimental evaluation. However, to maximize the utility of these techniques in regulation, researchers and regulators must resolve many parallel challenges with regard to data collection, integration, and interpretation. Furthermore, standard guidance has to be prepared for researchers and assessors on the scientifically appropriate use of toxicogenomic profiles in risk assessment. The National Institute of Toxicological Research (NITR) looks forward to an ongoing role as leader in addressing the challenges associated with the scientifically sound use of toxicogenomics data in risk assessment.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.431-438
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• 2012

해상교통환경의 위험도를 평가하기 위한 기술로는 대표적으로 FSA, PAWSA, IWRAP 등이 있으며, 이러한 기술의 개발을 위해서는 해상교통환경에 적합한 위험요소를 선정하고 이에 대한 평가기준이 마련되어야 한다. 기존 기술에서 위험도는 사고의 출현빈도와 이로 인한 영향의 곱으로 정의되어 이에 따라 사고의 출현빈도 및 영향에 해당되는 위험요소들이 각각 구분되어 선정되고 있었다. 그러나, 본 연구는 각 위험요소에 요소별 출현빈도와 영향을 포함하여 이들의 합으로 위험도를 정의함으로써 기존 기술에서 사고의 영향에 해당되었던 위험요소들을 제외하는 한편, 위험요소 분류체계에 관한 기존 연구의 사례 검토를 통하여 위험도를 구성하는 위험요소를 20가지로 추출한 후 유사한 성격에 따라 5가지 카테고리로 분류하였다. 또한, 선정된 각 위험요소에 대하여 관련 통계자료 등을 이용 실용적으로 용이하게 평가할 수 있는 기준을 제시하여, 향후 국내 해상교통환경에 적합한 위험도 평가모델의 개발을 위한 기초를 마련하였다.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.137-148
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• 2001

해상운송에 있어서 컨테이너화의 급진전한 발전으로 이전에 예상치 못했던 새로운 위험에 직면하게 되었다. 즉, 컨테이너 도난과 같은 모랄 리스크(moral risk), 컨테이너 멸실위험, 냉동컨테이너의 해동손해 등과 같은 위험이 있다. 이것은 컨테이너 운송인의 기업운영을 어렵게 하고 있다. 따라서 컨테이너의 해상운송시 발생할 수 있는 위험에 대해서 위험관리를 할 필요가 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 위험관리 이론을 컨테이너의 해상운송위험에 적용하였으며, 위험분석방법으로서 하인리히의 도미노 이론을 도입하여 손해사례를 토대로 위험관리 기법의 선태문제에 대해서 고찰하였다. 이를 위해서 손해검정보고서를 이용하여 8개의 사례를 선별하였고, 각 사례별로 사고발생요인을 분서하여 하나의 요인을 제거함으로써 손실노출에 대비하였다. 그 결과 대부분의 사례에서 위험관리 기법 중 사후적 통제방안인 보험으로 전가가 이용되었음을 알 수 있었다.

• 교육시설
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.32-36
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• 2012

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.427-434
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• 2000

When a large number of hazardous road cut-slopes are spreaded in widely scattered areas, the effective investigation and evaluation method that is able to decide the risk of hazardous road cut-slopes, is required. Many different evaluation techniques were suggested by many different researchers based on their demands, but there are the limited researches on the experimental evaluation technique which can be utilized by personnel who does not have much experiences on the road cut-slopes. In this study, the appropriate and effective evaluation method of the dangerous slope is suggested and this method can be used by both inexperienced and experienced persons. Therefore, this is the one of the effective ways that can mitigate the possibility of landslides.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2008

A successful fire risk assessment is depends on identification of risk, the analytical process of potential risk, on estimation of likelihood and the width and depth of consequence. Take the influence on enterprise into consideration, Fire risk assessment could carry out along the evaluation of the risk importance, the risk level and the risk acceptance. A large part of the limitation of choosing the risk assessment techniques impose restrictions on expense and time. If it is unnecessary high level risk assessment or Probabilistic Risk Assessment of buildings, in compliance with the Relative Ranking Method, Fire risk indexing and assessing is possible. As working-level technique, AHP method is useful with practical technique.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2009

There are many assessment techniques used for occupational risk factors of MSDs in the workplaces. However, because all ergonomic assesment techniques or tools are based on theoretical background derived from workphysiology, biomechanics, psychophysics, industrial hygiene, work system, and etc, it is impossible to compare the assessment techniques. This study was conducted to compare the excess rates of risk factors among ergonomic assessment techniques and to make alternative methods. Site-visits to 6 automobile products and parts company provided data for process repeated work where the produced data was examined for evaluating the relationship between workplace lay-out and work posture by using ergonomic assessment techniques. We evaluated 157 jobs for simple repeated work and 37 jobs for manual materials handling (MMH). In simple repeated work, the exceeded rates of AC were 36.3% in OWAS method and 93.0% in RULA method. The exceeded rate for RULA method was significantly higher than those for OWAS method (p<0.05). In MMH, the exceeded rates of AC were 80.0% in NLE method and 76.5% in WAC method. Statistically significant differences were not identified in the exceeded rates for NLE and MAC methods (p<0.05). The analyzed results among ergonomic assessment techniques (OWAS, RULA, NLE/WAC) were applied to the same work places performing simple repeated work and manual materials handling simultaneously. The applied results showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) among ergonomic assessment techniques (OWAS, RULA, NLE/WAC). Exceeded rates of four ergonomic assessment techniques in decreasing order was "RULA>NLE>WAC>OWAS". The RULA method was the strongest assessment technique for automobile products and parts company. We discovered that the results could easily be overestimated or underestimated when the ergonomic assessment techniques were not applied correctly during the evaluation process. Therefore, we recommend using at least 2 methods when evaluating and analysing the results.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제13권21호
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• pp.29-41
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• 1990

An assessment of risk in industrial and urban environments is essential in the prevention of accident and in the analysis of situations which are hazardous to public health and safety. The risk imposed by a particular hazard increases with the likelihood of occurence of the event, the exposure and the possible consequence of that event. In a traditional approach, the calculation of a quantitative value of risk is usually based on an assignment of numerical values of each of the risk factors. Then the product of the values of likelihood, exposure and consequences called risk score is derived. However vagueness and imprecision in mathematical quantification of risk are equated with fuzziness rather than randomness. In this paper, a fuzzy set theoretic approach to risk analysis is proposed as an alternative to the techniques currently used in the area of systems safety. Then the concept of risk evaluation using linguistic representation of the likelihood, exposure and consequences is introduced. A risk assessment model using approximate reasoning technique based on fuzzy logic is presented to drive fuzzy values of risk and numerical example for risk analysis is also presented to illustrate the results.