• 생태와환경
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.499-511
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• 2008

The major focus of this study is to evaluate a newly developed stream naturalness index system 'Habitat-riparian Indexing System (HIS).' There have been many studies that have assessed stream naturalness in order to provide information required for restoration. The results of these studies were enough for the purpose of the studies; however, the methodologies were limited especially with respect to rapid measurement and the representation of ecological habitats. Therefore, we derived crucial variables from a popularly utilized method and merged them with other criteria obtained from overseas approaches, resulting in the development of the HIS method. The stability of HIS was evaluated by comparing the results with the Stream Naturalness Index (SNI) of Cho (1997). We monitored 100 stream sites in the Nakdong River system using the two different methods for two sampling periods (spring and autumn), and the results were compared using statistical analyses. The determination coefficients between the index values from two methods were c.a. 0.6 for both seasons, and statistics revealed that HIS had a relatively higher stability, providing index values for stream environments. The results of this work suggest a possibility of the utility of HIS for other stream habitats.

• 생태와환경
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.502-509
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• 2009

In this study a total of 27 stream sites, at 1 km intervals, were monitored for simple physicochemical water characteristics, land coverage patterns, and stream environment characteristics using the Habitat-riparian Indexing System (HIS), in the Yangsan Stream. The HIS has been tested in previous research, resulting in some identification of advantages in the application to the stream ecosystems data. Even though reliable stream environment characterization was possible using HIS, there was no information about the application of this tool to present continuity of environmental changes in stream systems. Also the necessity was raised to compare the results of HIS application with land coverage information in order to provide useful information in management strategy development. The monitoring results of this study showed that changes of environmental degradation were well represented by HIS. Especially, stream environment degradation due to construction was relatively well reflected in the HIS monitoring results, and the main causality of Yangsan Stream degradation was expansion of the urbanized area. In addition, there were significant relationships between the HIS scores and land coverage information. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare appropriate options in controlling or managing the expansion of the industrialized areas in this stream basin in order to improve the stream environment. For this purpose, ensemble utilization of HIS results, water quality, and geographical information, resulting in integration with remote sensing processes can be possible.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.126-144
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• 2000

The river environment of many streams in Korea has been deteriorated through the rapid industrialization and urbanization since the early 1960s. Deterioration includes single-purpose channel works for flood control and dense riparian land uses such even as the covering of the channel, as well as water pollution. As a result, many streams have lost their precious river environment such as ecological habitat, river friendliness and riparian scenery. In the early 1990s, however, the necessity of restoring those channelized streams was felt among the river engineers as well as environmentalists in Korea. This article describes a summary of the literature review of the stream restoration guidelines and relevant publication including those published in Japan, Europe and USA. A special focus is on the Stream Corridor Restoration, which was recently in the USA in 1998. First, the meaning and background of stream restoration is reviewed. Last, a draft of the contents of the stream restoration guideline, which is being developed by the authors and their colleagues, is briefly introduced.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.277-290
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• 2013

This study was carried out to propose the new procedure to apply Habitat Evaluation Procedure(HEP) of target species using delphi technique, which is suitable to develop endangered species with few researches and ecological knowledges. To identify habitat quality of specific species in development project site, we can develop habitat model and create habitat suitability maps. In this study, we select the Common Kestrel(Falco tinnunculus) as target species in four areas(Paju, Siheung, Ansan, Hwaseong) which is located near the Seoul metropolitan area. The Delphi technique was selected to get the reliable information on the species and habitats requirements. Through the delphi approach, seven habitat components were determined as suitable variables for the Common Kestrel: density($n/km^2$) of small mammals, area($km^2$) of bare-grounds, pasturelands and riparian, and open area(%), spatial distribution and area of croplands, landscape diversity, breeding sites(tall trees, cliffs, high-rise buildings), and the length of shelf. Habitat variables used in this model were classified into two categories: % of suitable land-cover type(open areas, croplands, pasturelands, wetlands, and baregrounds) and the quality of feeding sites(within 250m from edges of woodlands). Habitat quality of the Common Kestrel was assessed against occurred sites derived from the nationwide survey. Predicted habitat suitability map were closely related to the observed sites of the endangered avian species in the study areas. With the habitat suitability map of the Common Kestrel, we assess the environmental impacts with habitat loss after development project in environmental impact assessment.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the natural habitat of Hotaria unmunsana Doi, which was first discovered at Mt. Unmun also represents a landscape indicator species for Daegu and Gyeongbuk provinces, and Luciola lateralis Motschulsky, which is the object of experiential activation at festivals in some cities in the region. The spatial range of this study is limited by Daegu City and Gyeongbuk province, and is used to predict the preference of firefly for altitude, slope, direction, shaded relief, riparian buffer zone, river environment, and farmland to analyze the area that best matches the habitat of fireflies. As a result, fireflies are highly influenced by altitude and there may be no large-scale habitats in some areas through the Nakdong and the Baekdu mountain ranges, which occur at high altitude. In most of the cities, we found major habitats around the streams and wetlands. By region, the sites were widely distributed around the cities focused on Nakdong River, and many habitats emerged around the Nakdong River tributary and gentle slopes. In order to preserve and spread the habitat of fireflies, the physical environment as well as their relationship with food chains and symbiotic organisms should be established, and excessive use of pesticides and herbicides in agricultural areas should be avoided.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.127-140
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• 2010

This study investigates the relation between the location of a habitat and the ecological connections according to the habitat type in the riparian zone at the Nonsan Stream and Yanghwa Stream. Stream habitat is classified into nine types for the aquatic insects and fish. For vegetation and birds, habitat is classified into two types of medium-scale streams, including both physical and chemical streams are analyzed accordingly. Nowadays, The fundamental goal of the river environment restoration enterprise is the rehabilitation or the restoration of the characteristic the river scenic or environment. For instance, The Channel habitats which has physical nature environment such as flat, speedy rapids, or closed-channel wetland, pool are constructed by artificial, Consequently, make them autogenesis smoothy eco-environment. However, the river environment are controlled not only physical environment, but it also need reasonable the quality of the water to compose smoothly. Finally, understanding what influence are effecting on physical habitat environment which are made by natural factors to water quality are very important factor for the river environment restoration enterprise Therefore, In this research, we are targeting to a basin to investigate the environment of the physical channel habitat and evaluate the changing of the water quality. This results will be a important characteristic that can judge the physical habitat and reciprocality connected to the water quality or adequacy of restoration technology. Therefore in this study, as a step to quantify functions and values of habitats and definite factors to perform habitat, we selected a representative stream of sand-stream, gravel-stream to classify habitat characteristics and quantified the physical, chemical, biological characteristics.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

하천과 홍수터 생태계에서 생물지형학 연구는 폭 넓은 시공간 차원에서 생물계와 수문-지형체계 사이의 복잡한 다중관계를 다루어 왔다. 본 총설에서는 하천에서 (1) 생물과 수문지형 조건의 다자간 관계, (2) 생물다양성과 서식처 이질성의 관계, (3) 생태계 유형에 대한 교란의 영향에 대하여 설명함으로써 하천지형생물학의 범위와 과정을 논의하였다. 시간적으로 하천의 생물지형 복합체는 지형, 선구, 생물지형 및 생태적 단계의 순서로 전환이 된다. 공간적으로 물 흐름과 유사 분포가 식생과 상호작용하여 하도 지형의 변화가 일어난다. 이렇게 형성된 하천의 공간적 이질성은 하안의 생물종다양성을 증가시킨다. 그러나 댐 하류 하천에서는 서식처 유형과 조건이 심각하게 훼손되어 생물다양성이 저하된다. 우리나라의 하천에서는 최근 국지적 교란과 전 지구적 기후변화로 하안 식생이 번무하고 특히 외래종이 빠르게 정착하고 있다. 따라서 급격한 기후변화와 인류에 의한 압박의 시대에서 하천 생물과 수문지형 조건 사이의 상호 관계를 이해하는 것이 더욱 중요할 것으로 생각된다. 이 총설에서 논의한 하천 생물지형 개념틀은 우리나라 하천의 생태적 관리와 복원에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.433-442
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• 2017

4대강 사업 공사로 인해 한강수계에서 자생하던 멸종위기 야생생물 II급인 단양쑥부쟁이와 층층둥굴레의 서식지가 소실되어 이에 대한 대안으로 대체서식지가 조성되었다. 본 연구에서는 조성된 대체서식지가 각 종의 서식에 적합한지를 파악하기 위하여 서식지 적합 지수(Habitat Suitability Index; HSI)를 이용하였다. 2015년 10월부터 2016년 7월까지 경기도 여주 강천섬과 섬강 일대에 위치한 단양쑥부쟁이 대체서식지와 강천섬과 충북 충주 영죽지구에 위치한 층층둥굴레 대체서식지를 대상으로 HSI를 평가하였다. 단양쑥부쟁이의 평가 변수로는 서식 기질(매몰되지 않은 자갈의 비율), 고도 범위, 토양 양분, 광 조건 4가지를 선정하였고, 층층둥굴레는 토성, 광 조건, 동반 위해종의 피도 3가지를 선정하여 HSI를 이용한 대체서식지 적합성 평가를 수행하였다. 평가 결과, 강천섬의 단양쑥부쟁이(HSI = 0.839)와 층층둥굴레(HSI = 0.846)의 대체서식지 모두 비교적 높은 적합지수를 나타내었으나, 섬강 일대의 단양쑥부쟁이 대체서식지와 영죽지구의 층층둥굴레 대체서식지는 대체서식지로서 적합하지 않음으로 판단되었다(HSI = 0). 또한 이들 부적합한 대체서식지의 경우, 자생지 인근에서 서식에 적합한 장소를 새로이 선정하는 것이 더 바람직할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구는 식물종에 대해 HSI를 적용한 국내 최초의 시도로, 식물 서식처에 대한 HSI의 효용성을 증명하였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.36-47
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• 2020

Three large scale weirs were constructed 2010 - 2011 in the Namhan river, Korea. The purpose of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates and the influence of environmental factors at the weirs 2014 - 2015. The number of species was higher in the riparian zone than in the transition or the limnetic zone. This seems to be because of the diversification of microhabitats and food sources according to the development of littoral zones. From the riparian zone to the limnetic zone, the individual abundance proportion of gathering collectors among functional feeding groups decreased, and that of filtering collectors increased. In the limnetic zone, sprawlers and climbers among habitat orientation groups decreased, and burrowers increased. This means that coarse particulate organic matter originated from land or riparian zone was transformed to fine particulate organic matter in the limnetic zone. Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea) and chironomids were dominant species based on individual abundance. Asian clam, a major taxon considering biomass, was abundant toward the limnetic zone. This is becasue of the shallow depth, suitable water current, slightly coarse substrate, and good water quality. There was no significant relationship between the water quality and the characteristics of the benthic macroinvertebrate community because the water quality was spatially not heterogenous. The more influential factors for benthic community were physical factors, especially water depth. Water depth showed a markedly significant correlation with Shannon-Weaver's species diversity (r=-0.90), Margalef's species richness (r=-0.82), and McNaughton's dominance (r=0.86). Water depth showed a positive correlation (r=0.68) with the Kong and Kim BMSI (Bentic Macroinverebrates Streambed Index), and this may be related to the coarse substrate of the limnetic zone.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2015

최근 우리나라는 하천정비사업으로 인해 수변생태계는 큰 위협을 받고 있으며, 수변의 야생동물은 고립되고 이동의 영향을 받고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 수변지역을 대상으로 이동통로 적지를 선정하는 것이다. 목표종은 고라니를 대상으로 하였으며 Maximum Entropy 모형과 눈길위흔적조사 자료를 이용하여 최소비용거리에 따른 야생동물의 행동생태학적인 관점에서 수변지역의 이동통로 적지를 선정하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 수변인접서식지 분석에서 고라니의 잠재서식지 영향을 주는 중요요소는 수계와의 거리, 영급, 토지피복, 경사, 향, 고도, 밀도, 도로와의 거리순으로 나타났으며, 수변에서는 토지피복, 수변면적, 지류와의 거리, 시가지와의 거리가 주요 변수로 나타났음을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 적지선정 지점은 수변과 인접지역의 각각의 서식지에서 적합도가 높은 지점과 이동경로를 고려하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 판단된다. 적지선정 지점들은 수변의 산림, 초지 및 농경지가 고라니의 주요 서식지이나 도로나 제방으로 인해서 연결성이 저하된 곳이었으며, 이동에 영향을 받아 우회하는 것을 눈길위흔적조사를 통해 확인하였다. 마지막으로 고라니는 수변지역에서 지류를 통해서 수변과 인근의 좋은 서식지를 선호하는 것으로 유추되었다. 본 연구에서 제시한 적지 선정 방법은 구조적이고 기능적인 분석을 통합한 방법으로 적지선정에 적용한다면 시간적 경제적인 소모를 줄일 수 있을 것이다.