• Title/Summary/Keyword: rice-wine

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Acetic acid fermentation properties and antioxidant activity of lemongrass vinegar (레몬그라스 식초의 초산발효 특성과 항산화 활성)

  • Yi, Mi-Ran;Kang, Chang-Hee;Bu, Hee-Jung
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.680-687
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    • 2017
  • This study investigated acetic acid fermentation properties and antioxidant activity of vinegar by addition of lemon grass to develop high quality vinegar by using lemongreass. Traditional brown rice wine contained 5% lemongrass powder and had an alcohol content of 7.2%. The wine was fermented by Acetobacter. sp. RIC-V and made into lemongrass vinegar (LV). The pH and total acidity of the LV were 3.13% and 7.21%, respectively. Fructose was detected whereas glucose, sucrose, and maltose were not detected. Among organic acids, acetic acid was highest at 3658.6 mg%; trace amounts of lactic acid, citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, and oxalic aicd were detected. Of the 17 free amino acids, glutamic acid, histidine, alanine, and proline were mainly detected. To conduct total polyphenol content and ABTS radical scavenging activity, 3% and 5% lemongrass powder (P3LV, P5LV) and 1%, 2%, and 3% of lemongrass extract (E1LV, E2LV, E3LV) were added to LV, respectively. Total phenolics increased as the added lemongrass powder and extract increased. Total phenolics were 490.9, 559.4, and $895.7{\mu}g$ gallic acid equivalents/mL in brown rice vinegar, LV, P5LV. ABTS radical scavenging activities were 43.2%, 58.0%, and 91.0% in brown rice vinegar, LV, P5LV, respectively. These results show that lemongrass vinegar has considerable potential as a high quality functional vinegar with antioxidative effects.

The Bibliographical Study on Development of Yackwa (약과(藥果) 문화(文化)의 변천에 관(關)한 문헌적(文獻的) 고찰(考察))

  • Cho, Shin-Ho;Lee, Hyo-Gee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.33-43
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    • 1987
  • The cooking processes of Yackwa writen in 27 Korean books were reviewed. The changes of the names, shapes, materials and methods of dough, and the methods of frying, the materials and methods of soaking, garnishes were reviewed based on the historical literatures. 1. The changes of names of Yackwa were Yackwa, Kwajul, Chokwa and the shapes were bird, animal, round or cubic. The diameter was about 3.5cm, and thickness was from 0.5cm to 1.5cm. 2. The major ingredients of Yackwa were flour, honey, sesame oil and alcohol beverages. Sometimes, soybean powder and rice powder were used instead of flour, and chochung, sugar water, sugar syrup were used instead of honey. Sesame oil was usually used but salad oil were used occasionally. Usually pure liquor, distilled spirits, rice wine, cloudy and coarse rice wine, whisky were used as alcoholic ingredient and water was used at boiling state. Sesame and sesame salt, ginger and ginger juice, pepper powder, pine nuts powder, salt were used as minor ingredients. 3. Though the flour was kneaded extensively or gently, the latter was peculier since 1940. 4. The dough was fried in oil at $120{\sim}160^{\circ}C$ for $5{\sim}15$ minutes. at that time, The shape will be broken if temperature of oil is too low and too harden if temperature is too high. 5. Fried dough was soaked in honey before 1940, but thereafter other sweeteners, such as chochung, syrup were also used. Ginger juice, dried ginger, citron juice were used for flavor. 6. For enhancing the flavor and softening excess oil was removed from the fried Yackwa, and then it was soaked in honey. 7. The garnishes of Yackwa were pine nuts powder, cinnamon powder, sugar, etc.

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Quality Properties of Takju(Rice Wine) Added with Kidney Bean (강낭콩을 첨가한 탁주의 품질 특성)

  • Park, Sang-Soon;Yoon, Jin-A;Kim, Je-Jung
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.575-581
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    • 2010
  • Kidney bean was used in the brewing of Takju. The Takju formed varied the percentage of kidney bean used; that is, 0%(only rice) in $T_{-1}$, 100%(only kidney bean) in $T_{-2}$, 90% in $T_{-3}$, 80% in $T_{-4}$, 70% in $T_{-5}$, 60% in $T_{-6}$, and 50% in $T_{-7}$. We determined the total sugar, pH, reducing sugar, alcohol production, acidity, and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of Takju. The acidic value of $T_{-1}$ was above that of $T_{-6}$, and the pH of $T_{-2}$ was above that of $T_{-1}$. Both satisfy the food code parameters (namely, below 0.5 in acidity, 3.8~4.7 in pH). The alcohol production of $T_{-1}$ was above that of $T_{-2}$. For 2 days of fermentation, the reducing sugar of $T_{-1}$ totaled 2, down from 4.96%. After fermentation, there was not much difference from 4 to 12 days. The antioxidative effect of $T_{-1}$ proved to be much better than those of the other. Thus, we can be seen that these results thus indicate that the role of kidney bean added to Takju show good antioxidative activity. From the result of sensory test, we also concluded that the taste of Takju kidney bean is very similar to that of Takju with rice.

Studies on the Distillation Operation of Baikha-ju (백하주의 증류조작에 관한 연구)

  • Min, Young-Kyoo;Yun, Hyang-Sik;Jeong, Heon-Sang
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.9-13
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    • 1994
  • Baikhaju, the traditional Korean rice wine was brewed and distilled at various conditions-at different pressure (760, 460, 260 mmHg), different reflux ratio (3.1 : 1, 1 : 1) and different column conditions (packed and unpacked), and distillation operation was investigated. The sample wine, Baikhaju showed alcohol content of 14.2%, acidity 8.3 (g/100 ml), ethyl acetate 49 ppm, fusel oil 657 ppm. As the distillation was proceeded, alcohol concentration of distillate was decreased and that was higher in atmospheric pressure rather than reduced pressure. When the pressure was increased, the slope showed the relation of alcohol concentration between still liquid and vapour was increased, and also as the reflux ratio was increased, alcohol concentration of distillate was increased, and that was 0.56 mole at the reflux ratio 3.1 : 1 at atmospheric pressure, where 0.54 mole at 1 : 1 reflux ratio. As the distillation was proceeded, the rate of distillation was decreased, and that was higher values in the reduced pressure than atmospheric pressure. The maximum value (0.14 ml/s) of rate of distillation was observed in the packed column at 260 mmHg. As the reflux ratio was increased, the rate of distillation was decreased, and that was 0.05 ml/sec at reflux ratio 3.1 : 1 at atmospheric pressure, where 0.06 ml/sec at 1 : 1 reflux ratio.

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Fermentation Process and Physiochemical Characteristics of Yakju(Korean cleared rice wine) with Addition of Ginseng Powder (인삼박을 첨가한 약주의 제조 및 이화학적 특성)

  • 이인선;양의주;정용진;서지형
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.6 no.4
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    • pp.463-468
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    • 1999
  • The characteristics and quality of Yakju with addition of ginseng powder originated in Choongchungdo were evaluated. At result, pH was decreased at the beginning stage of two stages fermentation and then slowly increased. Total acidity were increased in the cases of all (A), (B) and (C) during the fermentation. (A) group used Nuruk, crude enzyme and powder yeast showed the highest pH of 7.08 and total acidity of 0.84 at the 4th day of fermentation. The alcohol contents of B(21.0%) and C(20.4%) used cultured yeast were higher than A(19.0%) used powder yeast at the 4th day of fermentation. Also, inhibition against alcohol fermentation by ginseng powder wasn't showed and amino nitrogen contents were higher in (A) and (C) with addition of crude enzyme. Free sugar were the highest in (A) used both Nuruk and crude enzyme such as glucose of 599.16, maltose of 129.11mg%. Free amino acids were much more in A(580.02mg%) than in B(527.48mg%) and C(538.74mg%). from the sensory evaluation, desirable color and flavor qulity for 40 ages was (A) and (B) which was used Nuruk, and that for 20 ages was (C) which was used crude enzyme. However the best taste and overall preference was (B) for 20 and 40 ages of all. Therefore to produce high quality Yauju and commercialize, studies of fermentation process in Yakju should proceed later.

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Quality Characteristics and Physiological Functionality of Traditional Rice Wines in Chungnam Province of Korea (충남지역 주요 전통주의 품질특성 및 생리기능성)

  • Lee, Mi-Young;Sung, Si-Youl;Kang, Heun-Kag;Byun, Hong-Seob;Jung, Sang-Mi;Song, Jung-Hwa;Lee, Jong-Soo
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.38 no.2
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    • pp.177-182
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    • 2010
  • The goal of this study was to characterize the quality and physiological functionality of some traditional rice wines in Chungnam province, Korea. Non-sterilized and commercial sterilized traditional rice wines from five traditional rice wine factories of Chungnam province were collected and investigated for nutritional components, noxious compounds and physiological functionality. Ethanol content ranged from 16.1~18.3% and pH ranged from 3.27~4.76, and they also contained 0.15% to 0.55% of total acid. All traditional rice wines contained 10.15~139.9 mg% of amino nitrogen and 2.5~25.7% of total sugar. Among organic acids, lactic acid was contained 7.4~29.6 mg%, and succinic acid and propionic acid was also contained 0.2~2.7 mg% and 0.7~8.3 mg%, respectively. Antihypertensive angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity were showed 37.0~86.0% in all rice wines, however, fibrinolytic activity, antioxidant activity, SOD-like activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity were low or not detected.

Development and Metabolite Profiling of Elephant Garlic Vinegar

  • Kim, Jeong-Won;Jeong, Deokyeol;Lee, Youngsuk;Hahn, Dongyup;Nam, Ju-Ock;Lee, Won-Young;Hong, Dong-Hyuck;Kim, Soo Rin;Ha, Yu Shin
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.50-58
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    • 2018
  • Elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum), which belongs to the Alliaceae family along with onion and garlic, has a flavor and shape similar to those of normal garlic but is not true garlic. Additionally, its properties are largely unknown, and its processing and product development have not been reported. In this study, we focused on using elephant garlic to produce a new type of vinegar, for which the market is rapidly growing because of its health benefits. First, we evaluated the effects of elephant garlic addition on acetic acid fermentation of rice wine by Acetobacter pasteurianus. In contrast to normal garlic, for which 2% (w/v) addition completely halted fermentation, addition of elephant garlic enabled slow but successful fermentation of ethanol to acetic acid. Metabolite analysis suggested that sulfur-containing volatile compounds were less abundant in elephant garlic than in normal garlic; these volatile compounds may be responsible for inhibiting acetic acid fermentation. After acetic acid fermentation, vinegar with elephant garlic did not have any sulfur-containing volatile compounds, which could positively contribute to the vinegar flavor. Moreover, the amino acid profile of the vinegar suggested that nutritional and sensory properties were more enhanced following addition of elephant garlic. Thus, elephant garlic may have applications in the development of a new vinegar product with improved flavor and quality and potential health benefits.

The Analysis of Cordycepin and Alcohol Content in accordance with The Various Manufacturing Process of The Liqueur Containing The Cordyceps Extract (동충하초 추출물을 함유한 리큐르의 제조공정에 따른 Cordycepin 및 Alcohol 함량 분석)

  • Choi, Seon-Hyo;Kwon, Sang-Chul
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.16 no.12
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    • pp.8292-8296
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    • 2015
  • We manufactured a liqueur containing Cordyceps extract. 21 kinds of the liqueur were manufactured and analyzed the cordycepin content, cordycepin stability and alcohol content. Cordycepin content was detected up to $58{\mu}g/mL$ in DL-3(adding Cordyceps militaris and leached for 3 months). Results of Alcohol content analysis, Methanol was not detected in all samples. Ethanol contents showed at 31.4% from the Leaching process for 3 months after distillation, and at 17.2% from the rice wine adding Cordyceps militaris 8 g. In the results of the Cordycepin content stability analysis, the Cordycepin content decreased during storage period little by little, so our considered opinion is that the cordycepin content should be increased slightly when producing as products.

Food culture Interchange in the Relations Between Korea and Japan Including the Cho Sun communication Facilities -1. The trade goods and receptions for Japanese envoies in the relationship between Korea and Japan at the first term of the Cho Sun era- (조선(朝鮮) 통신사(通信使)를 포함한 한(韓).일(日) 관계에서의 음식문화(飮食文化) 교류 -1. 조선전기(朝鮮前期) 한(韓).일(日)관계에서의 교역물품과 일본사신(日本使臣) 접대-)

  • Kim, Sang-Bo;Chang, Chul-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.339-362
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    • 1998
  • Food goods traded between Korea and Japan during the first term of the Cho Sun era included Omija (fruit of the Maximowiczia chinensis), Jat (pine nuts), Insam (Jinseng), rice, and beans as exports ; and pepper, sugar, and medicinal stuffs as imports. The trade between Korea and Japan was a result of Japanese envoies' visiting. The official number of Japanese envoies who had exchanges with Koreans were two thousand people a year. Once the Japanese entered Korea, they did not need to pay for their living expenses for the length of their visit because the Cho Sun government bore the whole expense. The Cho Sun government gave formal receptions to them, which included daily meals as well as banquet style meals. The daily meals included Jo-ban (breakfast), Jo-seok-ban (breakfast and dinner), and Ju-jeom-sim (lunch). Meals were served four times a day. The banquet style meals included Sam-po-yeon (a banquet that was held in Sam-po), Kyong-joong-young-jeon-yeon (a farewell banquet, and a welcome banquet that was held in Seoul), Jyu-bong-bae (to offer a guest a drink by day), No-yeon (a banquet that was held on the street), Kwol-nae-yeon (a banquet that was held within the Royal Court). It also included Ye-jo-yeon (a banquet that was held in Ye-jo), and Myong-il-yeon (a banquet that was held on a national holiday). The banquet style meals were composed of Ceon-tack (to set a table for dinner), Sang-hwa (a flower that was put on the food), Kwan-hwa (to offer a flower when a banquet was held), Ju-5-jan (the fifth wine glass), Dae-seon (meat), and music.

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Food culture Interchange in the Relations Between Korea and Japan Including the Cho Sun Communication Facilities -2. The trade goods and receptions for Japanese envoies in the relationship between Korea and Japan at the middle period of the Cho Sun era (조선(朝鮮) 통신사(通信使)를 포함한 한(韓).일(日) 관계에서의 음식문화(飮食文化) 교류 -2. 조선중기(朝鮮中期) 한(韓).일(日) 관계에서의 교역물품과 일본사신(日本使臣) 접대-)

  • Kim, Sang-Bo;Chang, Chul-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.363-381
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    • 1998
  • Food goods traded between Korea and Japan during the middle period of the Cho Sun era included Insam (Jinseng), rice, beans, honey, perilla oil, starch, adlay, walnuts, pine nuts, jujubes, hazelnuts, and dired chestnuts as exports ; and pepper as imports. The number of Japanese envoies that visited regularly was one thousand five hundred people a year. The receptions that were held for them during the middle period equaled those of the first term of the Cho Sun era, but these receptions were only held in Pu-san. The expense of daily meals was broken down into 8 grades ranging from \129,300 to 2133. The daily meals included Jo-ban (breakfast), Jo-seok-ban (breakfast and dinner), and Ju-jeom-shim (lunch) for the Japanese who visited regularly. During the course of a year, the total amount spent on daily meals was put at a billion won. The banquet style meals included Ha-seon-da-rye (a welcome tea party), Ha-seon-yeon (a welcome banquet), No-cha-yeon (a banquet that was held on the street), and Ye-dan-da-rye (a drink banquet that was held when silk was offered as a gift). It also included Byeol-yeon (a banquet out of the dordinary), Sang-seon-yeon (a farewell banquet), and Myong-il-yeon (a banquet that was held on a national holiday). The banquet style meals were composed of Ceon-tack (to set a table for dinner), Sang-hwa (a flower that was put on the food), Kwan-hwa (to offer a flower when a banquet was held), Ju-9-jan (the ninth wine glass), Dae-seon (meat), music, and Jung-bae-rye (a banquet that was held again after a banquet). The Cho Sun government held banquets forty five times for the Japanese, the food expense for the banquets was put at two hundred and thirty million won.

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