• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.314-319
• /
• 2018

본 실험은 청청과 낙동 조합을 약배양하여 육성한 120 계통을 이용하여 식미치 관련 알칼리붕괴도에 대한 QTLs를 분석하고 탐색된 QTLs 유전자에 위치한 DNA 마카를 선발하여 기존 품종에 적용하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. CNDH 계통을 이용하여 알칼리붕괴도 변이를 조사한 결과 통일형 품종인 청청과 자포니카형 품종인 낙동 현미는 각각 1.9, 1.6를 보였으며 CNDH 계통은 $3.79{\pm}2.01$를 보였으며 변이 분포는 7.0-1.0까지 분포하였다. 모부본인 청청과 낙동 백미는 각각 5.6, 4.1를 보였으며 CNDH 집단의 평균은 $4.86{\pm}1.55$ 보였으며, 변이 분포는 7.0-2.0까지 분포하였다. 변이 분포 곡선은 비정규분포에 가까운 연속변이를 나타내었다. QTLs 분석에서 현미 1,2 반복에서 qBRA2, qBRA6, qBRA11, 백미 1반복에서 qHRA2-1, qHRA2-2, qHRA2-3, qHRA3, qHRA8, 2반복에서 qHRA2-1, qHRA2-2, qHRA2-3, qHRA3, 4반복에서 qHRA5으로, 이들은 각각 2번, 3번, 6번, 8번, 11번 염색체상에 탐색되었다. 현미, 백미 각 염색체상의 qBRA2, qBRA6, qBRA11의 표현형 변이는 1-9% 분포되었다. 알칼리붕괴도 관련 QTLs 분석 결과에서 탐색된 9개 marker를 토대로 모부본인 청청, 낙동을 기준으로 자포니카형 12품종, 인디카형 6품종에 다형성을 분석하였다. 밴드양상으로 크기에 차이를 보이는 분리비에 적합한 11번 염색체 RM27258을 선발하였다. 이상의 연구결과는 앞으로 미질이 좋은 벼 품종 개발하는데 기초자료로 이용 될 것 이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제10권5호
• /
• pp.445-454
• /
• 1997

Rice bran commonly available in Bangladesh is a mixture of rice hulls (60%), bran (35%) and polishing (5%), referred here as rice mill feed (RMF). Dose response effect of RMF supplementation to a straw diet including a zero level was measured on the intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance, microbial N yield and growth rate of growing native (Bos indicus) bulls. Twelve bulls of 33 months old and $272{\pm}31.5kg$ weight were randomly allocated to diets having 0 (T1), 1 (T2) and 2 (T3) kg RMF in addition to 200 g wheat bran, 200 g molasses, 60 g salt and 30 g oyestershe\l powder. Concentrate intake was 5.5, 19.2 and 29.5% of the dietary intake for the T1, T2 and T3 treatment respectively. RMF supplementation had no significant effect on the straw DM intake. However, with the increasing levels of RMF supplementation, total DM & digestible OM intake and the whole gut digestibilities of DM, OM, N & ADF increased but in deminishig return. Total microbial N yield estimated from the urinary purine excretion were 15.35, 26.56 and 38.44 g/d for the treatment T1, T2 and T3 respectively. Both the N intake and the N balance increased linearly in response to increasing level of RMF. Supplementation of RMF linearly increased the energy intake and dietary energy concentration. Growth rate in the T1, T2 and T3 treatments were 112, 125 and 250 g/d respctively. The basal N excretion and the maintenance energy requirement of the experimental animals were estimated to be 615 mg/kg $W^{0.75}/d$ and 447 kJ/kg $W^{0.75}/d$ respectively. The estimated efficiency on N utilization was 0.83 mg/mg of N intake ($r^2=0.997$) while the efficiency of metabolizable energy utilization for growth was 0.15. Since animal refused higher levels of RMF, inclusion up to 2 kg level (about 25% of the total DM intake) appears to have no depressing effect on the performances of animal. However, RMF itself fail to meet the critical nutrient need of the rumen microbes. Therefore response of supplementing RMF after correcting the critical nutrient deficiency need to be studied.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.485-490
• /
• 2001

Farmers in the centre of Vietnam have a tradition of dosing young cattle with groundnut oil before fattening them on a diet of rice straw and road-side grass. These farmers claim the cattle grow faster. It was hypothesized that the effect of the oil could be to eliminate the protozoa from the rumen. This is known to increase the net microbial growth efficiency in the rumen and increase the protein supply to the animal. To test this hypothesis, two experiments were undertaken; one on-station with four cattle fitted with rumen cannulae and the second a growth trial with 25 young cattle in smallholder farms. When the cannulated animals were drenched with groundnut oil, the protozoa were eliminated from the rumen and animals could be kept free of protozoa by isolation. The ammonia concentration in the rumen fluid was decreased when the protozoa were eliminated and there was an indication of improved rumen dry matter degradability of the forage components of the diet. In the practical condition on the smallholder farms, the growth rates of cattle drenched with groundnut oil were increased considerably (65%) compared with untreated control animals. The laboratory results when taken together with the on-farm results indicate that these resource-poor farmers had been able to defaunate their cattle and to maintain the fauna-free state by isolation of their animals from extraneous stock. This traditional practice in Central Vietnam, whereby one family keeps only one or two animals that are hand fed and tethered, has quite a large potential for all of those countries where animals are fed agro-industrial by-products, as it is highly economic. The use of 1 litre of oil compared with 1 kg of rice polishing per day (300 kg over 300 days), would be highly profitable in all countries of South-East Asia.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.20-24
• /
• 1981

유기비소계(有機砒素系) 살균제(殺菌劑)인 네오아소진의 미곡중 잔류량(殘留量)을 방사화 분석법 및 비색법으로 측정하였다. 수도재배중 개화전(開花前) 2회 사포는 현미(玄米)중 잔류수준을 증가시키지 않았으나 4회 살포는 $0.54{\sim}0.75{\;}mg{\;}As_2O_3/kg$의 잔류수준까지 $4{\sim}5$배로 크게 증가시켰다. 현미 도정(搗精)중 백미(白米) 및 쌀겨로의 잔류분 분배비(分配比)는 73 : 27이었고 쌀겨중 잔류분의 대부분은 용매에 의한 ncnf과정중 유박(油粕)에 이동하여 $2.9{\;}mg{\;}As_2O_3/kg$ 수준까지 도달하였다. 방사화분(放射化分) 석법(析法)은 비색법(比色法)에 비하여 감도(感度)가 높고 분석시료(分析試料)가 소량(小量) 요구된다는 장점(長點)을 가지고 있었다.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.438-444
• /
• 1999

국내에서 생산되는 현미겨는 약 8.4~14.7 wt %의 지질을 포함하고 있으나 지방산의 양이나 조성은 현미겨의 형태, 토질 상태, 도정과 같은 전처리나 정미도에 영향을 받는다. 현미겨에 포함되어 있는 지질은 보통 palmitic acid, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, tocopherol, squalene 등과 같은 지방산으로 나눌 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 초임계유체를 이용하여 현미겨에서 squalene을 함유한 지방산을 추출하였으며, 각각의 공정에 ethanol을 첨가하여 초임계유체 추출을 시행하였다. 추출물은 GC-MSD로 분석을 하였고, 추출된 현미유의 양은 공정 온도, 압력에 따라 달랐으며, 조성은 초임계 이산화탄소의 환산밀도 (${\rho}_{\gamma}$ reduced density)에 영향을 받았다. 4시간의 공정시간에 약 70~80%의 현미유가 추출되었으며, ethanol을 첨가한 초임계유체 추출은 일반 초임계유체 추출에 비해 추출시간이 단축되며 동시에 추출량이 증가됨을 알 수 있었다. 또한 용매추출 공정에서 검출되지 않았던 squalene이 초임계유체 추출과 ethanol올 첨가한 초임계유체 추출에서 추출됨이 확인되었다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.47-63
• /
• 1978

This study was conducted to obtain a basic information necessary to assess present rice milling technology in Korea The profiles for milling plants was analyzed by survey work.For the private custom-work mills, which process about 80 percent of domestic rice consumption ,their actual milling test for the identical samples as used for filed mills was conducted. Two rice varieties Japonica and Tongil-type were associated with the experiments. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Analyses for private custom-work mills showed their general aspects as; about 91 percent of the mills belonged to an individual owner ship ; more than 93 percent of the mills was established earlier than 1950 ; about 80 percent of the mills was powered with electric motor; mills having less than two employees were about 75 percent; about 45 percent of the mills provided for warehouse in storing customers cereal grains. 2. The polishers installed in 1,255mills within the surveyed area (7 counties) have been supplied by 44 different domestic manufacturers ;in but about 60 percent of which was supplied by 6major manufacturers. The polishers could be classified into two categories in terms of principles of their polishing actions ;jet-pearler and friction types. About 51 percent of the mills was equipped with the former which has been recognized as giving greater milling recovery than the friction types. 3. Reason for owners of private mills to supplement new machines was due mainly to pgrading their mills to meet the requirements that established by the Government. However, about 60 percent of the mill owners intended to replace with new pearler by their own needs to meet with new high yielding varieties. 4. Processing systems of each previate rice mills surveyed could be classified into three categories, depending upon whether the systems posessed such components as precleaner and paddy separator or not. Only 36.7 percent of mills was installed with both precleanr ad paddy seperrator, 5.0 percent of mills did have neither percleaner nor paddy seperator, and rest of them equipped only one of the two. Hence,it is needed for about 63% of rice miils to be supplemented with these basic facilities to meet with the requirements for the standaized system. 5. Actual milling capacity measured at each field rice mills was shown a wide variation, having range from about 190 to 1,210 kg/hr. The percentages of mills classified according to daily milling capacity based on this hourly capacity were 24.3% for the capacity less than 3 M/T a day; 20.0% for 3-4 M/T; 15.6% for 4-5 M/T; 6.7% for 5-6 M/T; 22.3% for 6-7 M/T; and 11.0% for more than 7 M/T a day. 6. Actual amount of rice processed was about 310 M/T a year in average. About 42% of total milled rice was processed during October to Decembear, which formed a peak demand period for rice mills. The amount of rice milled during January to May was relatively small, but it had still a large amount compared to that during June to September. 7. Utilization rate of milling facility, i. e., percentage of the actual amount of milled rice to the capacity of rice mills, was about 18% on the year round average, about 41% in the peak demand season, and about 10% during June to September. Average number of operating days for mills surveyed was about 250 days a year, and about 21 days a month. 8. Moisture contents of paddy at the time of field mill tests were ranged 14.5% to 19.5% for both Japonica and Tong-i] varieties, majority of paddy grains having moisture level much higher than 1530. To aviod potential reduction of milling recovery while milling and deterioration of milled rice while storage due to these high grain mJisture contents, it may be very important for farmers holding rice to dry by an artificial drying method. 9. Milling recovery of JapJnica varieties in rice mills was 75.0% in average and it was widely ranged from 69.0% to 78.0 % according to mills. Potential increase in milJing recovery of Japonica variety with improvement of mill facilities was estimated to about 1.9%. On the other hand, milling recovery of Tong-il varieties in the field mill tests was 69.8% in average and it ranged from 62% to 77 %, which is much wider than that of Japonica varieties. It is noticed that the average milling recovery of Tong-il variety of 69.8% was much less than that of the Japonica-type. It was estimated th3.t up to about 5.0% of milling recovery for Tong-il variety could be improved by improving the present lo'.ver graded milling technology. 10. Head rice recoveries, as a factor of representing the quality of commercial goods, of Japonica and Tong-il varieties were 65.9% and 53.8% in average, and they were widely ranged from 52% to 73% and from 44% to 65% , respectively. It was assessed that head rice recovery of Japonica varieties can be improved up 3.3% and that of Tong-il varieties by 7.0% by improving mill components and systems.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.15-15
• /
• 1976

In analyzing the operational characteristics of a rice whitening machine, the internal radial pressure of the machine was measured using strain gage equipment. Changes in cylinder and feed screw configurations, screen type, cylinder speed and counter-pressure levels were examined to determine their impact on the quality and quantity of milled rice and the performance of the machine. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The internal radial pressure in the whitening chamber varied with the surface condition of the grain being processed. During the first or second pass through the machine, pressure was relatively low, reached a maximum after two to three passes with combinations I and II, three to six with combination III and then began to fall. 2. The pitch of the feed screw and the size of the feed gate opening which determine the rate of entry of grain into the whitening chamber, appeared to be the most important factor aff-::cting the degree of radial pressure, quality and quantity of milled rice and the efficiency of the machine. Using a feed screw with a wide pitch (4.8cm), radial pressure was relatively high and head rice recovery ratio \vere quite low. In this case capacity and machine effic?iency were much higher than obtained when using a feed screw with a narrow pitch (2.3cm). Very significant responses in radial pressure, head rice recovery rates and machine capacity were observed with changes in cylinder speed and counter-pressure levels when using the wide pitch feed screw. 3. The characteristics of the screen which surrounds the whitening chamber had an important effect on whitening efficiency. The existence of small protuberances on the original screen resulted in significant increases in both machine capacity and efficiency but without a significant decrease in head rice recovery or development of excessive radial pressure. Further work is required to determine the effects of screen surface conditions and the shape of the cylinderical steel roller on the rate of bran removal, machine efficiency and recovery rates. The size of the slotted perforations 0:1 the screen affects total milled rice recovery. The opening size on the original screen was fabricated to accommodate the round shape of Japonica rice varieties but was not suitable for the more slender Indica type. Milling Indica varieties with this screen resulted in a reduction in total milled rice recovery. 4. An increase in cylinder speed from 380 to 820 rpm produced a positive effect on head rice recovery for all machine combinations at every level of counter-pressure used in the tests. Head rice recovery was considerably lower at 380rpm using a wide screw pitch when compared to the results obtained at speeds from 600 to 820 r.p.m. The effects of cylinder speed On radial pressure, capacity and machine efficiency showed contrasting results, depending on the width of the feed screw pitch. With a narrow feed screw pitch (2.3cm), a direct proportional relationship was observed bet?ween cylinder speed and both radial pressure and machine efficiency. In contrast, using a 4.8 centimeter pitch feed roller produced a series of inverse relationships between the above variables. Based on the results of this study it is recommended when milling Indica type long grain rice varieties that the cylinder speed of the original machine be increased from 500-600 rmp up to a minimum of 800 rpm to obtain a greater abrasive effect between the grain and the screen. The pitch of the feed screw should be also reduced to decr?ease the level of internal radial pressure and to obtain higher machine efficiency and increased quality of milled rice with increased cylinder speeds. Further study on the interaction between cylinder speed and feed screw pitch is recommended. 5. An increase in the counter pressure level produced a negative effect On the head rice recovery with an increase in radial pressure, capacity, and machine efficiency over all combinations and at every level of cylinder speed. 6. Head rice recovery rates were conditioned primarily by the pressure inside the whitening chamber. According to the empirical cha racteristics curve developed in this study, the relationships of head rice recovery ($Y_h$) and machine capacity ($Y_c$/TEX>) to internal radial pressure ($X_p$) followed an inverse quadratic function and a linear function respectively: $$Y_h^\Delta=\frac{1}{{1.4383-0.2951X_p^\ast+0.1425X_p^{\ast\ast}}^2} , (R^2=0.98)$$$$Y_c^\Delta=-305.83+374.37X_p^{\ast\ast}, (R^2=0.88)$$The correlation between capacity and power consumption per unit of brown rice expressed in the following exponential function: $$Y_c^\Delta=1.63Y_c^{-0.7786^\{\ast\ast}, (R^2=0.94)$$These relationships indicate that when radial pressure increases above a certain range (1. 6 to 2.0 kg/$cm^2$ based On the results of the experiment) head ricerecovery decrea?ses in a quadratic relation with a inear increase in capacity but without any decrease in power consump tion per unit of brown rice. On the other hand, if radial pressure is below the range shown above, power consumption increases dramatically with a lin?ear decrease in capacity but without significant increases in head rice recovery. During the operation of a given whitening machine, the optimum radial pressure range or the correct capacity range should be selected by controlling the feed rate and/or counter-pressure keeping in mind the condition of the grain, particulary the hardness. It was observed that the total number of passes is related to radial pessure level, feed rate and counter-pressure level. The higher theradial pressure the fewer num?ber of pass required but with decreased head rice recovery. In particular, when using high feed rates, the total number of passes should be increased to more than three by reducing the counter-pressure level to avoid decreaseases in head rice recovery (less than 65 percent head rice recovery on the basis of brown rice) at every cylinder speed. 7. A rapid rise in grain temperature seemed to have a close relationship with the pressure generated inside the whitening chamber and, subsequently with head rice reco?very rates. The higher the rate of increase, the lower were the resulting head rice recoveries.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.17-48
• /
• 1976

In analyzing the operational characteristics of a rice whitening machine, the internal radial pressure of the machine was measured using strain gage equipment. Changes in cylinder and feed screw configurations, screen type, cylinder speed and counter-pressure levels were examined to determine their impact on the quality and quantity of milled rice and the performance of the machine. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The internal radial pressure in the whitening chamber varied with the surface condition of the grain being processed. During the first or second pass through the machine, pressure was relatively low, reached a maximum after two to three passes with combinations I and II, three to six with combination III and then began to fall. 2. The pitch of the feed screw and the size of the feed gate opening which determine the rate of entry of grain into the whitening chamber, appeared to be the most important factor aff-::cting the degree of radial pressure, quality and quantity of milled rice and the efficiency of the machine. Using a feed screw with a wide pitch (4.8cm), radial pressure was relatively high and head rice recovery ratio \vere quite low. In this case capacity and machine effic\ulcorneriency were much higher than obtained when using a feed screw with a narrow pitch (2.3cm). Very significant responses in radial pressure, head rice recovery rates and machine capacity were observed with changes in cylinder speed and counter-pressure levels when using the wide pitch feed screw. 3. The characteristics of the screen which surrounds the whitening chamber had an important effect on whitening efficiency. The existence of small protuberances on the original screen resulted in significant increases in both machine capacity and efficiency but without a significant decrease in head rice recovery or development of excessive radial pressure. Further work is required to determine the effects of screen surface conditions and the shape of the cylinderical steel roller on the rate of bran removal, machine efficiency and recovery rates. The size of the slotted perforations 0:1 the screen affects total milled rice recovery. The opening size on the original screen was fabricated to accommodate the round shape of Japonica rice varieties but was not suitable for the more slender Indica type. Milling Indica varieties with this screen resulted in a reduction in total milled rice recovery. 4. An increase in cylinder speed from 380 to 820 rpm produced a positive effect on head rice recovery for all machine combinations at every level of counter-pressure used in the tests. Head rice recovery was considerably lower at 380rpm using a wide screw pitch when compared to the results obtained at speeds from 600 to 820 r.p.m. The effects of cylinder speed On radial pressure, capacity and machine efficiency showed contrasting results, depending on the width of the feed screw pitch. With a narrow feed screw pitch (2.3cm), a direct proportional relationship was observed bet\ulcornerween cylinder speed and both radial pressure and machine efficiency. In contrast, using a 4.8 centimeter pitch feed roller produced a series of inverse relationships between the above variables. Based on the results of this study it is recommended when milling Indica type long grain rice varieties that the cylinder speed of the original machine be increased from 500-600 rmp up to a minimum of 800 rpm to obtain a greater abrasive effect between the grain and the screen. The pitch of the feed screw should be also reduced to decr\ulcornerease the level of internal radial pressure and to obtain higher machine efficiency and increased quality of milled rice with increased cylinder speeds. Further study on the interaction between cylinder speed and feed screw pitch is recommended. 5. An increase in the counter pressure level produced a negative effect On the head rice recovery with an increase in radial pressure, capacity, and machine efficiency over all combinations and at every level of cylinder speed. 6. Head rice recovery rates were conditioned primarily by the pressure inside the whitening chamber. According to the empirical cha racteristics curve developed in this study, the relationships of head rice recovery ($Y_h$) and machine capacity ($Y_c$/TEX>) to internal radial pressure ($X_p$) followed an inverse quadratic function and a linear function respectively: $$Y_h^\Delta=\frac{1}{{1.4383-0.2951X_p^\ast+0.1425X_p^{\ast\ast}}^2} , (R^2=0.98)$$ $$Y_c^\Delta=-305.83+374.37X_p^{\ast\ast}, (R^2=0.88)$$ The correlation between capacity and power consumption per unit of brown rice expressed in the following exponential function: $$Y_c^\Delta=1.63Y_c^{-0.7786^\{\ast\ast}, (R^2=0.94)$$ These relationships indicate that when radial pressure increases above a certain range (1. 6 to 2.0 kg/$cm^2$ based On the results of the experiment) head ricerecovery decrea\ulcornerses in a quadratic relation with a inear increase in capacity but without any decrease in power consump tion per unit of brown rice. On the other hand, if radial pressure is below the range shown above, power consumption increases dramatically with a lin\ulcornerear decrease in capacity but without significant increases in head rice recovery. During the operation of a given whitening machine, the optimum radial pressure range or the correct capacity range should be selected by controlling the feed rate and/or counter-pressure keeping in mind the condition of the grain, particulary the hardness. It was observed that the total number of passes is related to radial pessure level, feed rate and counter-pressure level. The higher theradial pressure the fewer num\ulcornerber of pass required but with decreased head rice recovery. In particular, when using high feed rates, the total number of passes should be increased to more than three by reducing the counter-pressure level to avoid decreaseases in head rice recovery (less than 65 percent head rice recovery on the basis of brown rice) at every cylinder speed. 7. A rapid rise in grain temperature seemed to have a close relationship with the pressure generated inside the whitening chamber and, subsequently with head rice reco\ulcornervery rates. The higher the rate of increase, the lower were the resulting head rice recoveries.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제43권8호
• /
• pp.1148-1157
• /
• 2014

미강은 쌀 도정의 부산물로 다양한 연구에서 미강의 생리활성 구성 요소의 항산화, 항암, 면역 강화, 콜레스테롤 저하효과가 보고되어 미강을 식품소재로 활용하기 위한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 하지만 미강을 첨가한 제품의 품질과 관능 기호도에 대한 기초 자료를 제공할 뿐이고, 미강의 생리활성에 대한 연구는 미강 추출물로 이루어진 것이 대부분이다. 이에 본 연구는 안정화 미강 첨가가 항비만 및 항산화 효과를 나타내는지 생리적 효과를 검토하기 위해 in vivo model에서 실험을 진행하였다. C57BL/6 마우스에 6주간 고지방식이를 급여하여 비만을 유도하였고, 미강이 비만에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고 제품 개발 시 기능성을 유지하는 적정 첨가비율을 확인하기 위해 안정화 미강 분말을 고지방 식이에 각각 20%, 40%를 첨가하여 7주간 실험을 진행하였다. 실험결과 고지방 식이에 미강을 20% 첨가한 HFRB20군은 HFD군과 유의한 차이가 없었지만, 고지방 식이에 미강을 40% 첨가한 HFRB40군에서 체중 증가 억제와 지방 조직 무게감소 효과 및 혈당 저하와 leptin 농도의 감소를 보였고 항산화 효소 활성을 개선시켰다. 이러한 결과는 안정화 미강의식이 섬유소와 그 외의 주요 성분들이 복합적으로 시너지효과를 나타냈기 때문으로 보인다. 결론적으로 안정화 미강을 이용하여 생리적 효과를 나타내는 제품 개발에 안정화 미강의 첨가량은 40%가 적절한 것으로 생각된다. 그러나 본 연구는 7주의 단기 연구를 수행하였고 통계적 유의성은 없었으나 HFRB20군에서 비만과 항산화 및 관련 지표가 개선되는 경향을 나타내었으므로 장기간 섭취 시의 효과에 대한 추후 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.97-107
• /
• 1981

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 가압(加壓)솥에 의(依)한 취반시(炊飯時) 미반(米飯)의 물리적(物理的) 성상변화(性狀變化)를 조사(調査) 검토(檢討)하여 최적(最適) 취반조건(炊飯條件)을 구명(究明)함으로서, 효율적(效率的)이고 합리적(合理的)인 대량(大量) 취반방법(炊飯方法)을 개발(開發)하는데 필요(必要)한 기초자료(基礎資料)를 확립(確立)하는데 있으며, 시료(試料)는 국내(國內)에서 재배(栽培)되고 있는 대표적(代表的) 품종(品種)인 Japonica 계통(係統)의 밀양15호와 Indica 계통(係統)의 밀양23호를 7 분도(分搗) 및 9 분도(分搗)로 각각(各各) 조제(調製)한 것을 사용(使用)하였으며, 실험결과(實驗結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. l. 일반(一般) 가정(家庭)에서의 취반미(炊飯米)의 평균(平均) 수분함량(水分含量)은 상압(常壓)솥으로 한것은 65.17%, 가압(加壓)솥으로한 것은 64.52%였다. 2. 쌀의 수화력(水化力)은 밀양23호가 밀양15호 보다 평균(平均) 4.5% 더 높았으며, 밀양23호의 최대흡수량(最大吸收量)은 29.14%였다. 3. 쌀의 팽장용적(膨腸容積)은 흡수력(吸收力), 가열온도(加熱溫度) 및 시간(時間)에 따라 비례(比例)하여 변화(變化)하였고, 최대팽장용적(最大膨腸容積)은 원료(原料)에 대(對)하여 평균(平均) 3.2배(倍)였다. 4. 품종별(品種別) 미반(米飯)의 호화도(糊化度)는 가수율(加水率), 가열시간(加熱時間), 가열온도(加熱溫度)에 따라 크게 영향(影響)을 받았으며 최적조건(最適條件) (가수율(加水率) 160%, 취반압력(炊飯壓力) $0.2kg/cm^2$, 취반시간(炊飯時間) 25분(分))에서 호화도(糊化度)는 밀양23호 9분도미(分搗米)가 0.44였으며 밀양15호 9분도미(分搗米)는 0.64였다. 5. 미반(米飯)의 경도(硬度)는 가수율(加水率), 가열온도(加熱溫度), 가열시간(加熱時間)에 따라 감소(感少)하였으며, 최적조건(最適條件)에서 취반(炊飯)한 밀양23호 및 밀양15호 9분도미(分搗米)의 경도(硬度)는 각각(各各) 2.35kg/wt, 2.0kg/wt였다. 또한 동일(同一) 경도(硬度)를 유지(維持)하려면 밀양23호는 평균(平均) 25%의 가수량(加水量)이 더 필요(必要)하였다. 6. 탄력성(彈力性)은 가수율(加水率), 가열온도(加熱溫度), 가열시간(加熱時間)에 따라 비례(比例)하여 변하(變)였고, 최적조건(最適條件)에서 밀양23호 및 밀양 15호 9분도미(分搗米)의 탄력성(彈力性)은 각각(各各) 15.7mm 및 19.2mm였다. 7. gumminess는 가수량(加水量), 가열온도(加熱溫度), 가열시간(加熱時間)에 따라 감소(減少)하였으며, 최적조건(最適條件)에서 밀양23호 9분도미(分搗米)가 60이었고, 밀양15호 9분도미(分搗米)는 73 이었다. 8. 압력별(壓力別) 최적취반(最適炊飯) 소요시간(所要時間)은 가수율(加水率) 160%에서 밀양15호 9분도미(分搗米)는 $0.2kg/cm^2$에서 25분(分), $0.4kg/cm^2$에서 20분(分), $0.6kg/cm^2$에서 15분(分), $0.8kg/cm^2$에 서 10분(分)이었다.