• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.66-75
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• 1986

In order to improve the traditional post harvest system in Korea, a model for mechanized grain drying and storage facilities was developed. Also, a computer program for the model system was developed. For the study, flat type steel bin and circulation type dryer were selected for the model and Fortran language was used for the computer program. This program was tested by using various practical data. The following results were obtained from the study: 1. The general model developed can be used for designing a rough rice drying and storage facility within the range from 100 ton to 1000 ton capacity. 2. Major output of the computer program for designing a model system were as follow; a. The dimension of the plant. b. The storage bin size, dryer number and dryer size. c. The dimension of individual equipment and its required HP. d. Capital requirement and operating cost of the model system.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.60-71
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• 1996

The purposes of this study were to develop a simulation model and to determine minimum specific airflow rate requirements for natural air drying of rough rice in Korea. A simulation model was developed considering energy and mass balances within grain bed, drying and rewetting rates, and hysterisis effect between sorption and desorption isotherms. As the results of validation test, the moisture contents predicted by the model agreed very well with the actual data. The criteria for determining minimum specific airflow rate requirements was that the top loom layer in the bin be dried to a moisture content below 16 percent wet basis with less than 0.5% drymatter decomposition. The minimum specific airflow rate requirements in 13 locations of Korea were presented based on the worst one among the past 7 to 13-year weather data. These requirements were also presented for all the combinations of three harvest dates and four harvest moisture contents. Specific airflow rate requirements seemed to be half by each 2 percent reduction in moisture content from 24 percent. As harvest date was delayed by 10 days from October 1, these requirements were reduced by about 20 to 40 percent.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.282-286
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• 1990

Currently, mechanization and automation have been introduced into rice harvest and drying process due to the shortage of man power. After rice cultivars, Chucheong and Milyang #23 were cutted with manual method (H1) or harvested with combine (H2), the threshed grain were dried in natural sun-drying (D1), in natural air in-bin system (D2), or in contineous hot-air drier (D3). We have evaluated grain losses, operation hour, and grain quality on each harvest and drying methods. Shattering loss during harvesting with combine was not dirfered significant from that of manual method, but threshing loss was 1.2% higher in combine harvest than in manual. Operation hours required for combine harvest was 3.5 times faster than for manual, even without head threshing. There was a significant difference bel ween cultivars in harvesting loss, which Milyang #23, a Tongil rice had two times more grain loss than Chucheong, a Japonica rice. Drying hours required to reduce to 14% grain moisture content were ten days for H1D1, 5-9 days for H2 D1, 2-3 days for H2D2, and only 15 hours for H2D3, respectively. In grain quality, complete grain ratio after dehulling was decreased about four percent in H2D3 compared to H1D1. while it was lower in Milyang #23 than in Chucheong, Hot-air drier increased occurence of cracked and broken grain. Combine harvest increased significantly these incomplete grain ratio of :Milyang #23, but not Chucheong.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.390-401
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• 1993

This study was conducted to analyze the optimum capacity of Rice Processing Complex (RPC) and to select the optimum location of RPC based on the analysis of rice production and its commercializing rate for each county of major area of paddy field nationally. The study results showed that 500 of RPC having a drying capacity of 3,000 tons of rice would be needed nationally based on the selection analysis.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.597-603
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of processing conditions (temperature and time) and binding agent types (glutinous rice flour, potato starch, bean flour, and acorn flour) on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of ground dried-pork meat product. For this purpose, ground dried-pork meat product was produced by adding several binding agents at different drying temperatures and times. The drying time affected moisture content and water activity in all drying temperature. However, under the similar drying conditions, the extent of drying varied depending on the type of binding agents. The results of sensory evaluation for texture degree and overall acceptability indicated the following: overall, higher drying temperatures and longer drying time heightened the degree of texture, and the overall acceptability varied depending on binding agent type. Physicochemical and sensory characteristics were analyzed to determine any possible correlation. The results revealed a high correlation between moisture content, water activity, shear forces, and sensory evaluation (p<0.01). However, there was no correlation with respect to overall acceptability.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 1980

It is desirable to increase the diameter of rice bundle harvested by Japanese reaper binder recently introduced into Korean farmers , since it is too small for stalking in the field for preliminary drying prior to threshing operation which is dominant procedure in rice harvesting . Accordingly, this study was conducted to analyze the effect of the size of rice-bundle on the performance of binder and self-feeding thresher. The results are summarized as follows : 1. The diameter of rice-bundle could be increased from $\phi$80-98 to $\phi$105.0-125.4 while the number of rice bundles per 10 a were reduced to 1200 from 1600. The time required for harvesting 10 a of rice was 81 minutes in small size bundles and 84 minutes in large size bundles and no statistical difference was obtained. 2 .The grain loss due to discharge and cutting were slightly increased with large size bundle compared to the small size but no statistical difference was obtained. The precision of operation and drying rate was not significantly different between small and large size bundles. 3. The unthreshed losses were the same between large and small sizes of rice bundles when self-feeding thresher was used. When 8 PS engine was used , continuous operation was possible for small size bundles , but 1.5seconds of time interval was necessary for large size buldles. 4. The consumption of binding twine was reduced to 603 from 820 meters with the larger bundles , and the labour requirement for stalking rice bundles in the field was also reduced to 1.83 form 2.50 man-hour per 10 a Therefore, harvesting cost can be reduced up to 26.5 percent by increasing the bundle size.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.270-277
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• 1984

The effects of factors of natural air drying were evaluated by the simulation model for rough rice drying. The factors were airflow rate, harvest date, initial moisture content and weather conditions. For simulation, the RICEDRY (Chang et al., 1983) was used. Then, the applicability of the model and the feasibility of rough rice drying by natural air were tested under the tropical weather conditions of Costa Rica.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.114-125
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• 1978

The use of petroleum fuels in grain drying causes problems of high cost and management. To solve these problems, it is required to study on soLar energy as an alternative to petroleum fuels for grain drying. The purposes of this study were to find out the optimum received area and air flow rate of a flat-plate solar air collector for grain drying and to assess its effects on grain drying with a small grain bin. The results of this study are summarized as follows ; 1. The calculated optimum tilt angles of the collector in the summer and autumn drying seasons were 20 and 50 degress, respectively, in suwon area. 2. The outlet temperature of the collector was $36^\circ C$ on the daily average with the maximum of $36^\circ C$ at 12:00 o clock. Solar radiation on the collector surface was 1.04 ly( 1 langley = 1 cal/$cm^2$) per minute on the daily average and 1.30 ly per minute on the maximum at 11:00am. The thermal efficiency of the collector was 62.4 percent on the daily average, and the air flow-rate per unit receiving are was 1.03 $m^3$/min/$m^2$.4. The calculated optimum receiving area and the air flow-rate per unit cubic volume for paddy in autumn drying season was 2 $m^2$ and 2$m^3$/min , respectively. 5. not significantly difference in the collector efficiency was appeared between the rotating and fixed type of solar collector. 6. For drying of wheat with 0.6 meter of the depth in the bin, approximately 9 hours were required to reduce the moisture content from 21.6% to 13% with air follow rate of 5 $m^3$/min an initial moisture per cubic meter of wheat and with air temperature of $52^\circ C$. 7. In the drying test of rough rice with a turning operation in a grain bin approximately 21 hours were required to reduced the moisture from 21% to 14.5% with airflow rate of 2 $m^3$/min per cubic meter of rice and the air temperature of $43.5^\circ C$. 8. Over-drying at the bottom and less -drying at the top of the grain mass was resulted from the high -temperature of drying air which was obtained from the flat-plate solar collector in this test. An appropriate operation should be prepared for the uniform moisture of the grain in the bin.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1791-1797
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• 1969

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1998.06b
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• pp.197-205
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• 1998