• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.193-202
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• 2012

'Joseong', a winter forage triticale cultivar (X Triticosecale Wittmack), was developed by the breeding team at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA in 2010. The cultivar 'Joseong' was selected from the cross FAHAD_5/RHINO1R.1D 5+10 5D'5B'//FAHAD_5 by CIMMYT (Mexico) in 1992. Subsequent generations were handled in pedigree selection program at Mexico from 1993 to 1998, and a line 'CTSS92Y-A-4Y-0M-5Y-0B' was selected for earliness and good agronomic characteristics. After preliminary and advance yield test in Korea for 2 years, the line designated as a line name of 'Iksan26'. The 'Iksan26' was subsequently evaluated for earliness and forage yield in 7 different locations such as Jeju, Iksan, Cheongwon, Yesan, Naju, Daegu, and Jinju from 2008 to 2010 and finally named as 'Joseong'. The cultivar 'Joseong' has characteristics of dark green leaf, yellow culm and spike, and large grain of yellowish brown color. The heading date of cultivar 'Joseong' was April 24, which was 5 days earlier than that of check cultivar 'Shinyoung'. It showed better tolerance or resistance to lodging, wet injury, powdery mildew, and leaf rust than those of the check cultivar 'Shinyoung'. The average forage dry matter yield of cultivar 'Joseong' at milk-ripe stage was 14.5 MT $ha^{-1}$, which was lower than 16.5 MT $ha^{-1}$ of the check cultivar 'Shinyoung'. The silage quality of 'Joseong' (5.3%) was lower to the check cultivar 'Shinyoung' (6.0%) in crude protein content, while was 2.1% superior to the check cultivar 'Shinyoung' (61.9%) in TDN (total digestible nutrients). It showed 5.1 MT $ha^{-1}$ of grain yield, which was 40% higher than that of the check cultivar 'Shinyoung' (3.65 MT $ha^{-1}$). This cultivar is recommended for fall sowing crop in the area where daily minimum mean temperatures are averaged higher than $-10^{\circ}C$ in January, and as a winter crop using whole crop forage before planting rice in around Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.149-158
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate antioxidant characteristics and anti-adipogenic effects of colored rice and brown rice extracts in 3T3-L1 adipocyte depending on cultivar (Josaengheugchal, Heugjinmi, Hongjinju, Geongganghongmi, Seolgaeng, Milyang 320, Sindongjin, Baegjinju). Colored rice and brown rice was extracted with 100% ethanol, followed by the analysis of polyphenol, flavonoid, anthocyanin, antioxidant, and anti-adipogenic activity. Total polyphenol and flavonoid content ranged from 6.86~314.08 mg GAE/g and 1.47~56.88 mg CE/g the highest total polyphenol and flavonoid content was observed in Heugjinmi cultivar. Anthocyanin composition was analyzed by HPLC, cyanidin-3-gluoside and peonidin-3-glucoside was found in black rice including Josaengheugchal and Heugjinmi. Also, the ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity of colored rice cultivars was higher than that of brown rice cultivars, the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity also was observed in Heugjinmi (128.20 mg TE/g). The anti-adipogenic effects of colored rice and brown rice extracts on differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes evaluated that extracts of Heugjinmi cultivar significantly reduced intracellular lipid accumulation. These results provide valuable information for the use of Korean colored rice cultivar as a functional food materials relative to anti-obesity.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.199-206
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• 2004

Typhoon "MAEMI", happened in September 2003, hit the great damage to Gyeongnam province area. Especially, rice plant was lodged or severe leaf damage was caused. This study was conducted to find out the extents of leaf damage among different rice cultivars, and to evaluate rice yield and eating quality due to leaf damage after typhoon. Rice cultivars torn off over half of the flag leaf length (FLL) were one medium-late maturing cultivar (Donginl), medium maturing cultivar (Yeonganbyeo), eight early maturing cultivars (Samcheonbyeo, Jounghwnbyeo, Munjangbyeo, Taebongbyeo, Odaebyeo, Samhaegbyeo, Sobaegbyeo, Sinunbongbyeo), two long-il type cultivars (Samgangbyeo, Namcheonbyeo), and three special use cultivars (Heukseonchalbyeo, Jinbuchalbyeo, Yangjobyeo). Cultivars torn off below 1/10 FLL were eight medium-late maturing cultivars (Chucheongbyeo, Daecheongbyeo, Saechu cheongbyeo, Donganbyeo, Daeyabyeo, Hwamyeongbyeo, 방eongsanbyeo, Dongjinbyeo) and two medium maturing cultivays (Donghaebyeo, Gumobyeo2). The rest cultivars were tore off by 1/10∼1/2 ELL. In yield components, the longer was flag leaf damage, the lower was ripened grain ratio, grain weight and brown/rough rice ratio, which was severly impacted to late than to ordinary season cultivation. However, rice yield did not decrease up to tearing by 1/10 ELL. Head rice ratio decreased from flag leaf tearing over 1/10 ELL in late season cultivation. The longer was flag leaf damage, the lower was eating quality, which could not show significantly different.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.257-260
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• 2000

The content of anthocyanin, cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G) and the peonidin 3-glucoside (P3G) from 591 rice cultivars and the antioxidative activities of MeOH extract from 8 rice cultivars were evaluated. Among them, C3G content of pigmented rice were ranged from 0 to 451.9mg in 100 g brown rice, while the P3G contents were in the range from 0 to 42.7mg in 100g brown rice. There was no correlation between C3G and P3G content. Total anthocyanin content ranged from 0 to 475.1mg in 100g brown rice. The antioxidative activity, the scavenging activity on DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl) radical of MeOH extracts from rice grain, were different according to cultivars. The activity of blockish purple pericarp rice cultivars was twice stronger than that of white pericarp cultivar. Especially, the antioxidative activity of Heugjinjubyeo was four times stronger than that of white pericarp cultivar. The scavenging effect on DPPH radical in rice extracts was related to the total anthocyanin contents of the extracts.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.286-286
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• 2017

We conducted to compare the characteristics of rice flours according to the different milling processes. Five rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) with different amylose content were prepared by wet and dry milling processes. The moisture contents of wet-milled rice flours (WMR) was mostly three-time higher than those of dry-milled flours (DMR). Water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI) and swelling power (SP) increased in proportion to temperature ($50-90^{\circ}C$). WAI, WSI, SP of DMR showed higher value than those of WMR. Baeokchal (BOC) which is waxy rice cultivar was significantly high level of WSI. Pasting properties of DMR except BOC cultivar resulted in higher peak viscosity, trough viscosity, final viscosity and Setback. The levels of resistant starch in the four cultivars except Dodamssal (DDS) were under 1% irrespective of Milling processes, whereas the resistant starch contents of DMR and WMR in DDS was 9.18 and 6.27, respectively. Damaged starch content of WMR were less than those of DMR, moreover, negative correlation was observed between amylose content and damaged starch of rice cultivars. These results suggest that the properties of rice flour varied depending on the milling methods and varieties, and it could be a reference for selecting the appropriate processing purposes.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.130-136
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• 2000

Differences in physiological and biochemical responses between sensitive and tolerant rice cultivars to ozone were investigated to develop reliable indications of early ozone damage. Three Korean local rice cultivars -sen-sitive cultivar Dongjin (DJ), moderately tolerant cultivar Hwayeong (HY) and tolerant cultivar Ilmee (IM) were exposed to ozone at the concentrations of 100 nl $\textrm{l}^{-1}$ or 200 nl $\textrm{l}^{-1}$ , 8 h per day for 10 days in a controlled-environment fumigation chamber. The rice cultivars seemed to be endurable to ozone stress at the concentration of 100 nl $\textrm{l}^{-1}$ which is frequently monitored during the growing season in summer. However, severe damage was induced and differential sensitivity was clearly noted among the rice cultivars at the higher ozone concentration. Activation of the glutathion (GR) -ascorbate peroxidase (APX) cycle was likely to be responsible for protection of rice plants against ozone exposure, relating difference in sensitivity of rice cultivars to ozone. Photosynthetic activity appeared to be one of sensitive responses, for which chlorophyll fluorescence and leaf greenness can together provide a very reliable index, a degree of photosynthetic damages by ozone. Formation of malondialdehyde (MDA) was also considered as an indication that can differentiate cultivars sensitivity to ozone. However, the changes in polyamines and total phenolics were not consistent with exposed ozone concentrations and/or ozone sensitivity of the cultivars. The behavior of polyamines and phenolics in the damaged plants at high ozone levels could be interpreted as an indication of ozone injury rather than activation of additional protection mechanisms scavenging active oxygen species formed by ozone. Several responses triggered by ozone could explain the differential sensitivity of the rice cultivars and be used as reliable indications of relative ozone damage to rice plant.

• Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.224-230
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• 2014

Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) is a molecular marker technique based on DNA and is extremely useful in detection of high polymorphism between closely related genotypes like Korean wheat cultivars. Six sequence characterized amplified regions (SCARs) have been developed from inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis which enabled the identification and differentiation of 13 Korean wheat cultivars from the other cultivars. We used six combinations of primer sets in our AFLP analysis for developing additional cultivar-specific markers in Korean wheat. Fifty-eight of the AFLP bands were isolated from EA-ACG/MA-CAC, EA-AGC/MA-CTG and EA-AGG/MA-CTA primer combinations. Of which 40 bands were selected to design SCAR primer pairs for Korean wheat cultivar identification. Three of 58 amplified primer pairs, KWSM006, KWSM007 and JkSP, enabled wheat cultivar identification. Consequently, 23 of 32 Korean wheat cultivars were classified by eight SCAR marker sets.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.299-304
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• 1999

To compare the composition of volatile flavor components of two different types of rice, the volatile flavor concentrates isolated from brown rices Hyangnambyeo(aromatic cultivar) and Dongjinbyeo (normal cultivar) were analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. A total of components, including 16 hydrocarbons, 16 aldehydes and ketones, 15 alcohols, 4 acids, and 10 miscellaneous components were identified positively or tentat ively. Among them, n pentanol was the most abundant component in both samples and Hyangnambyeo contained more aldehydes and alcohols than Dongjinbyeo. 2 Acetyl 1 pyrroline which is chiefly responsible for the character istic odor of aromatic type rice was high in Hyangnambyeo compare to Dongjinbyeo, but these were detected as minor component.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.231-235
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• 2010

'Jopung' (Avena sativa L.), a winter oat for forage use, was developed by the breeding team at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA in 2009. It was derived from an original cross between the $F_1$ hybrid of 'Early80' and 'PA202-210-S' and 'Walken' in 1999. Subsequent generations followed by the cross were handled in bulk and pedigree selection programs at Suwon and Yeoncheon, respectively. A line, 'SO99006-B-YB-29-Y1', was selected for earliness and good agronomic characteristics and designated as a line name of 'Gwiri65'. The line 'Gwiri65' was subsequently evaluated for earliness and forage yield in four different locations, Yesan, Iksan, Kimjae, and Jeju, from 2007 to 2009 and finally named as 'Jopung'. Over 3 years, the average forage dry matter yield of cultivar 'Jopung' harvested at milk-ripe stage was $17.3MT\;ha^{-1}$, compared with $13.6MT\;ha^{-1}$ of check cultivar 'Swan'. The silage quality of 'Jopung' was superior to the check cultivar 'Swan' in crude protein content, and was similar to the check cultivar in percent total digestible nutrients (TDN). Cultivar 'Jopung' is suitable primarily for winter planting in the southern regions of Korean peninsula.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.317-317
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• 2017

We performed this experiment to select high quality rice adapted to wheat-rice double cropping system. We sowed barley and wheat seed in November 2, 2015. After harvesting barley and wheat, we transplanted high quality rice cultivars: 'Unkwang', 'Hopun', 'Haepum', 'Hyunoum' in June 17 and 24. We used 'sindongjin' rice as a control. As a result, 'Hyunpum' had a highest head rice yield regardless of transplanting date. Head rice yield of 'Hyunpum' was 488.1kg/10a when transplanted in June 17, and 453.6kg/10a when transplanted in June 24. The reason for this highest head rice yield was not percentage of head rice but milled rice yield. Milled rice yield of 'Hyunpum' was 526.5kg/10a when transplanted in June 17, and 490.0kg/10a when transplanted in June 24. Percentage of head rice had little differences between rice cultivars. Among yield components, only number of panicle per $m^2$ had an effect on the differences of yield between rice cultivars. The other yield components didn't have an effect on the differences of yield between rice cultivars. Compared to June 17, only 'Unkwang' had higher head rice percentage and head rice yield in June 24. Head rice percentage of 'Unkwang' changed from 67.3% to 85.0% and head rice yield changed from 324kg/10a to 393.8kg/10a when transplanting date delayed from June 17 to June 24. When transplanting date was delayed, heading date of 'Unkwang' was more delayed than other rice cultivars. By delay of heading date, mean temperature for 40days changed from $25.0^{\circ}C$ to $22.9^{\circ}C$ which improved temperature condition during grain filling stage. This improved head rice percentage and head rice yield of 'Unkwang' transplanted in June 24. If transplanting date is more delayed than June 24, 'Unkwang' could have higher head rice percentage and head rice yield. Therefore, if you transplant rice before June 24 in rice-wheat double cropping system, 'Hyunpum' is recommended as adequate rice cultivar. But if you transplant rice after June 24, further research is needed to find out adequate rice cultivar.