• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.406-408
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• 2014

A 66-year-old male patient arrived at the emergency room with a crush injury to his chest. Multiple rib fractures, hemothorax on both sides, left scapular fracture, liver laceration, and retroperitoneal hematoma were found upon the radiologic examination. After closed thoracostomy, the patient had been initially admitted to the intensive care unit, but he was transferred to the general ward on the next day. On the 4th post-trauma day, the patient complained of severe pain and there was bloody drainage through the chest tube. This case is an exploration with the consideration of the possibility of major bleeding and the subsequent repair of the descending thoracic aorta. This case is regarded as a case in which the aorta wall was damaged as the sharp margin of the fractured ribs caused continuous irritation.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.771-774
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• 2003

The mechanical properties of barrier ribs in PDP require quantification in order to control the defects and to increase the yield in the process. Several different types of rib materials were tested for hardness (H) and Young's modulus (E) with a microtip indenter (Berkovich type). For the assessment of fracture toughness of the rib, a macro Vikers indenter was used. The materials with 30wt% of filler were fired at between $490^{\circ}C$ and $570^{\circ}C$. As a result, the composite became fully densified at $520^{\circ}C$, which is near the T s (Littleton softening point) of glass frit. As the filler content increased, the fracture toughness also $(K_{IC})$ increased in the range of 0.60 to 2.63 $MPa{\cdot}m^{0.5}$ after sintering at $550^{\circ}C$. The results suggest that the application of a nano-indenter would be useful for testing the mechanical properties of barrier ribs.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.358-361
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• 2006

For giving self-diagnosing capability, a method based on monitoring the changes in the electrical resistance of carbon materials in strengthened concrete has been tested. Then after examining change in the value of electrical resistance of carbon materials used as a rib of CFGFRP or a sheet of carbon fiber before and after the occurrence of cracks and fracture in hybrid FRP or carbon fiber sheet strengthened concrete at each flexural weight-stage, the correlations of each factors were analyzed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2021

Background: Diaphragmatic injuries following blunt or penetrating thoraco-abdominal trauma are rare, but can be life-threatening. Rib fractures are the most common associated injury in patients with a traumatic diaphragmatic injury (TDI). We hypothesized that the pattern of rib fracture injuries could dictate the likelihood of acute TDIs. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out between April 2014 and October 2018 to analyze patients with TDIs and rib fractures at a major trauma center in London, United Kingdom. Results: Over the study period, 1,560 patients had rib fractures, of whom 14 had associated diaphragmatic injuries. Left-sided diaphragmatic injuries were found in 8 patients (57%). A significant proportion of the rib fractures were located posterolaterally (44.9%). The highest frequency of fractures was found in ribs 5-10, which accounted for 74% of all the fractures. Ten patients underwent surgery, of whom 7 were diagnosed with a diaphragmatic injury intraoperatively after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery assessment of the pleural cavity. Two patients died due to severe injuries of other organs and the remaining 2 patients were managed conservatively. Conclusion: Our series of patients demonstrates a relationship between significant rib fractures and diaphragmatic injuries in trauma patients, and the diagnostic difficulties in identifying the condition. We found that the location of the rib fractures and the pattern of injury in patients with TDIs were much lower and posterolateral in the chest wall without a preference for laterality. We suggest using a thoracoscope in patients undergoing chest wall surgery post-trauma to aid in diagnosing this condition.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.234-242
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• 1996

Ten patients with a thoracolumbar spine fractures were treated with Kaneda internal fixation device through anterolateral approach during last 1 year. In all cases, spinal decompression, internal instrument fixation and hone fusion with rib were performed. No patient showed neurological deterioration after surgery and 6(60%) patients improved postoperatively with entering the next Frankel subgroup. Follwo-up patient evaluation showed the correction of the fracture deformity with good bony fusion, but 3 patient arc remained back pain. According to above results we concluded that anterolateral internal fixation combined with hone fusion using rib was good mechanical stability and decompression of protruding ventral bone fragments above conus medullaris level.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.807-811
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• 2007

Diabetes is marked by high glucose levels and is associated with decreased bone mass and increased fracture rates. To determine if [6]-gingerol could influence osteoblast dysfunction induced by 2-deoxy-D-ribose (dRib), osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells was treated with dRib and [6]-gingerol and markers of osteoblast function and oxidized protein were examined. [6]-Gingerol ($10^{-7}\;M$) significantly increased the growth of MC3T3-E1 cells in the presence of 30 mM dRib (p<0.05). [6]-Gingerol ($10^{-7}\;M$) caused a significant elevation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen content, and osteocalcin secretion in the cells. We then examined the effect of [6]-gingerol on the production of osteoprotegerin and protein carbonyl in osteoblasts. Treatment with [6]-gingerol ($10^{-9}$ and $10^{-7}\;M$) increased osteoprotegerin secretion in osteoblastic cells. Moreover, [6]-gingerol ($10^{-9}$ and $10^{-7}\;M$) decreased protein carbonyl contents of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells in the presence of 30 mM dRib. Taken together, these results demonstrate that [6]-gingerol inhibits dRib-induced damage and may be useful in the treatment of diabetes related bone diseases.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.31-33
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• 2015

Traumatic aortic injury is well recognized as a primary cause of instantaneous death in victims of thoracic blunt trauma presenting with an aortic rupture or dissection, particularly after a deceleration injury. However, a direct aortic injury caused by a fractured rib segment after blunt thoracic trauma is extremely rare. We report the case of a 43-year-old male patient who experienced an aortic injury caused by the sharp edge of a fractured rib after multiple rib fractures due to blunt thoracic trauma.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.161-166
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze chest-trauma patients and the old-aged patients with a traumatic hemopneumothorax. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 101 chest-trauma patients admitted to the department of cardiovascular and thoracic surgery from June 1999 to November 2008. We evaluated the general characteristics of the chest-trauma patient, especially those of old-aged patients with a traumatic hemopneumothorax. Results: Rib fracture was observed in 99 of the cases, the location distribution was right: left =261: 255, with right being dominant. Rib fractures commonly involved the 4th and the 7th rib. The average number of rib fractures was 5.1, and the average number of rib fractures in the old-aged patients was significantly higher than that in the non-old-aged patients (p=0.04). There were 17 cases of a hemopnuemothorax in old-aged patients, 52 cases in non-old-aged patients. The blood loss through the chest tube for old-aged patients was significantly more than that for the non-old-aged patients, and the initial hemoglobin level was lower in the old-aged patients. Conclusion: Elderly trauma patients are more likely to die after trauma than other age groups. Even with relatively stable vital signs, invasive hemodynamic monitoring and intensive treatment are recommended.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.337-342
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• 1977

A clinical analysis was performed on 383 cases of chest injurjes experienced at Department of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital during 21 year period from 1957 to 1977. Of 383 patients of chest injuries, 209 cases were result from nonpenetrating injuries whereas 175 were from penetrating injuries, and there were 258 cases of hemothorax or/and pneumothorax, 162 of rib fracture, 33 of foreign body, 26 of clavicle fracture, 26 of lung contusion, 17 of diaphragmatic laceration, 14 of hemopericardium, 14 of flail chest and others. Stab wound was the most common in penetrating injuries and followed by gunshot and shell fragments. The majority of nonpenetrating chest injury patients were traffic accident victims. and fails accounted for the next largest group of accidents. Chest injuries were frequently encountered in the age group between 16 and 50 years, and 321 patients were male comparing to 62 of female. In blunt chest injuries the patients with five or more rib fractures had a 85 per cent incidence-of intrathoracic injury and 19 per cent had an intraabdominal organ damage, whereas those with four or less rib fractures had a 69 per cent and a 6 per cent incidence respectively. The principal associated injuries were cerebral contusion on 19 cases, renal contusion on 10, liver laceration on 7, peripheral vessel laceration on 5, spleen laceration on 3 and extremity fracture on 18 patients. The principles of therapy for early complications of chest trauma were rapid reexpansion of the lungs by thoracentesis [46 cases] and closed thoracotomy [125 cases] but open thoracotomy .had to be done on 90 cases [23-5%] because of massive bleeding or intrapleural hematoma, foreign body, cardiac injury, diaphragmatic laceration and bronchial rupture. The over all mortality was 2.87 per cent [11 among 383 cases], 8 cases were from penetrating injuries and 3 from nonpenetrating injuries.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.968-975
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• 1992

A clinical analysis was performed on 404 cases of the chest trauma who were admitted and treated at department of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, Chung Ang University, Yong San Hospital during the past 8 years from July 1984 to April 1992. The results were as follows. 1. The sex ratio was 3: 1 with male predominence. 2. The common age groups were 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th decades. 3. The most common chief complaint was chest pain[58.2%]. 4. Of 404 cases of chest trauma, 50 cases were resulted from penetrating injuries whereas 354 cases were from non penetrating injuries. The most common cause of the non penetrating injuries was traffic accident[234/354, 66.1%] and of the penetrating injuries were stab wound[47/50, 94%]. 5. The left thorax was the preferred site of chest trauma. 6. The range of hospital stay was from less than 1 week to over 6 weeks and the average duration was about 2 weeks. 7. The common chest trauma was rib fracture[51.6%] and others were simple contusion [18.8%], hemothorax[14.6%], hemopneumothorax[14.9%] and pneumothorax[8.7i]. The rib fracture was prevalent between 4th to 9th rib laterally. 8. There were 92 cases of associated injuries which were bone fracture[66/92, 71.7%], head injury[17/92, 18.5%] and abdominal injury[9/92, 9.8%]. 9. The methods of treatment were conservative management[58.6%], closed tho-racostomy[23.3%], open thoracotomy[3.4%] and others. 10. There were 28 cases[6.9%] of complication, such as pneumonia, atelectasis, emp-yema, respiratory failure and others. 11. The overall mortality was 2.5%[10 cases] and causes of death were hypovolemic shock, acute renal failure, adult respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis and multiple organ failure.