• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.210-216
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• 2017

Background In treating minor-form or microform cleft lip, obtaining an optimal result is a challenge because of the visible scarring caused by traditional surgery. We present a refined method using muscle overlapping with a minimal skin incision in patients younger than 3 years, a group characterized by thin muscle. Methods The surgical technique involves restoration of the notched vermillion using Z-plasty, formation of the philtral column using overlapping of an orbicularis oris muscle flap through an intraoral incision, and correction of the cleft lip nasal deformity using a reverse-U incision and V-Y plasty. A single radiologist evaluated ultrasonographic images of the upper lip. Results Sixty patients were treated between September 2008 and June 2014. The age at the time of operation ranged from 6 to 36 months (mean, 26 months). The follow-up period ranged from 8 to 38 months (mean, 20 months) in minor-form cases and from 14 to 64 months (mean, 37 months) in microform cases. A notched cupid's bow was corrected in 10 minor-form cases and 50 microform cases. Ultrasonographic images were obtained from 3 patients with minor-form cleft lip and 9 patients with microform cleft lip 12 months after surgery. The average muscle thickness was 4.5 mm on the affected side and 4.1 mm on the unaffected side. Conclusions The advantages of the proposed procedure include the creation of an anatomically natural philtrum with minimal scarring. This method also preserves the continuity and function of the muscle and provides sufficient augmentation of the philtral column and nostril sill.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2011

비정형 건축물은 건축가의 디자인 의도를 반영한 다양한 형태의 외장 디자인을 포함한다. 이러한 비정형 형태의 외장부재는 NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline) 라 불리는 이 방향 곡률로 구성된 불규칙한 자유곡선면을 포함하고 있어 실제 외장부재의 생산 및 시공을 위해서는 3차원 비정형 BIM 기술을 적용한 패널최적화 단계를 거쳐야 한다. 본 연구에서는 역공학(Reverse Engineering) 기법을 근간으로 사례연구를 통해 비정형 건축물 BIM 도구인 디지털 프로젝트를 활용하여 패널형태를 구축하고 패널 최적화 결과를 도출한다. 최적화 결과 도출된 비정형 패널부재의 곡률 형상에 따른 Mock-Up 패널제작을 통해 패널종류에 따른 제작 용이성을 테스트하고 레이저 스케닝 기술을 사용하여 설계한 패널과 생산된 패널과의 데이터를 비교함으로써 이방향 곡률 곡면부재의 제작정밀도를 분석한다. Mock-Up 부재 제작 시 전문가 인터뷰를 통하여 국내에서 수행되고 있는 현행 비정형 외장부재 생산방식의 문제점을 도출하고 개선방안을 제시한다.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.140-153
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• 2011

Functional form and dysfunctional form of Kano model are considered as customer need regarding attribute of product. Both functional and dysfunctional forms are: Like, Must-be Neutral, Live-with and Dislike. The answers of customer regarding a product of functional and dysfunctional forms have been applied for selection of customer needs regarding product attribute (Kano evaluation). Filling.up and returning the Questionnaires by the individuals are essential for determining Kano evaluation. But many Questionnaires have not been returned in that case. Moreover, many possible consumers could not get opportunity to fill-up questionnaire. These uncertain or unknown consumers' opinions are also essential for product development. The choices of Kano evaluations have been outlined by: Attractive, One-dimensional, Must-be, Indifferent and Reverse. In this study, choices of evaluation of unknown customer are considered uniform cumulative vector probability (scenario 1). This study is based on the Monte Carlo simulation method, concept of probability and Kano model. This model has also been tested for its soundness and found fairly consistent including existing Kano model (scenario 2) and case survey for headlight of bicycle (scenario 3).

• BMB Reports
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.163-168
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• 1996

Glycosylated polyphenol oxidase was purified from potato tuber using ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephadex G-100, and concanavalin A Sepharose column chromatography. Two or three types of polyphenol oxidase were separated on concanavalin A Sepharose. Type I and II polyphenol oxidases did not bind to concanavalin A Sepharose. Type I seemed to be an aggregated form of polyphenol oxidase. Type III polyphenol oxidase, which is presumed to be glycosylated because it was bound to concanavalin A Sepharose and eluted with $\alpha$-D-methyl glucopyranoside, was further purified by chromatography on Econo-Pac Q and Superose 12. Glycosylated polyphenol oxidase was purified 130-fold from the dissolved ammonium sulfate pellet resulting in about $6\;{\mu}g$ of the enzyme from 100 g of potato tuber periderm. The molecular weight of the glycosylated enzyme determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was about 64,000. Optimum temperature and pH of both II and type III potato polyphenol oxidases were $20^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0, respectively. Glycosylated form of polyphenol oxidase (type III) preferred catechol to catechin as a substrate, whereas type II enzyme showed the reverse substrate preference.

• BMB Reports
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.150-157
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• 2006

Native grass carp (Ctenopharygodon idellus) growth hormone, has 5 cysteine amino acid residues, forms two disulphide bridges in its mature form. Recombinant grass carp growth hormone, when over-expressed in E. coli, forms inclusion bodies. In vitro oxidative renaturation of guanidine-hydrochloride dissolved recombinant grass carp growth hormone was achieved by sequential dilution and stepwise dialysis at pH 8.5. The redox potential of the refolding cocktail was maintained by glutathione disulphide/glutathione couple. The oxidative refolded protein is heterogeneous, and contains multimers, oligomers and monomers. The presence of non-disulphide-bond-forming cysteine in recombinant grass carp growth hormone enhances intermolecular disulphide bond formation and also non-native intramolecular disulphide bond formation during protein folding. The non-disulphide-bond-forming cysteine was converted to serine by PCR-mediated site-directed mutagenesis. The resulting 4-cysteine grass carp growth hormone has improved in vitro oxidative refolding properties when studied by gel filtration and reverse phase chromatography. The refolded 4-cysteine form has less hydrophobic aggregate and has only one monomeric isoform. Both refolded 4-cysteine and 5-cystiene forms are active in radioreceptor binding assay.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.56-69
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• 2015

This paper proposes an efficient image encryption scheme based on quintuple encryption using two chaotic maps. The encryption process is realized with quintuple encryption by calling the encrypt(E) and decrypt(D) functions five times with five different keys in the form EDEEE. The decryption process is accomplished in the reverse direction by invoking the encrypt and decrypt functions in the form DDDED. The keys for the quintuple encryption/decryption processes are generated by using a Tent map. The chaotic values for the encrypt/decrypt operations are generated by using a Gumowski-Mira map. The encrypt function E is composed of three stages: permutation, pixel value rotation and diffusion. The permutation stage scrambles all the rows and columns to chaotically generated positions. This stage reduces the correlation radically among the neighboring pixels. The pixel value rotation stage circularly rotates all the pixels either left or right, and the amount of rotation is based on chaotic values. The last stage performs the diffusion four times by scanning the image in four different directions: Horizontally, Vertically, Principal diagonally and Secondary diagonally. Each of the four diffusion steps performs the diffusion in two directions (forward and backward) with two previously diffused pixels and two chaotic values. This stage ensures the resistance against the differential attacks. The security and performance of the proposed method is investigated thoroughly by using key space, statistical, differential, entropy and performance analysis. The experimental results confirm that the proposed scheme is computationally fast with security intact.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2005

A new spherical-type 3-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism consisting of a two degree-of-freedom parallel module and a serial module is proposed. Two alternative designs for the serial sub-chain are suggested and compared. The first design employs RU joint arrangement for the serial sub chain structure. The second design incorporates a gear chain to drive the distal revolute joint of the serial sub-chain from the base platform of the mechanism. This modification significantly improves kinematic characteristics of the mechanism within its workspace. Firstly, the closed-form solutions of both the forward and the reverse position analysis are derived. Secondly, the first-order kinematic model with respect to three inputs which are located at the base is derived. Thirdly, it is confirmed through simulation that the modified mechanism has much more improved isotropic characteristic throughout the workspace of the mechanism. Lastly, the proposed mechanism is implemented to verify the results from this analysis.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2015

This study is to contemplate an ultimate goal and new methodology the architecture and space design community should pursue forward by analyzing concepts in Kengo Kuma's idea of "Anti-object" and examining his design methods and characteristics. To this end, I reviewed space design methods and features in his book of "Anti-Object" and his architectures built around in 2000. The result is as in the followings. (1) Contact is an essential concept of "Anti-object" to connect and integrate divided materials and consciousness with time and space. (2) Elimination is a meaningful way to reverse "cohesiveness" of agglomerated cluster which is a form of object and reconstruct it into the form of passive and acceptive "Anti-object". This idea is realized through overlap of material property and removal of massing. (3) Minimization is a concept of "Anti-object" to set the temporality free from constraints of materials. Three-dimensional transparent faces and lines or patterns of porous materials can be used to remove static and coercive volume. (4) A particle is a "reflector of its environment." It rebuilds one-way or disconnected communication between human and architecture into an interactive one. Kengo Kuma materializes this "particle" by exploring positional relation with physical paths, precise details and measurements.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2016

Lossless encryption methods are more applicable than lossy encryption methods when marginal distortion is not tolerable. In this research, the author propose a novel lossless symmetric key encryption/decryption technique. In the proposed algorithm, the image is transformed into the frequency domain using the lifting wavelet transform, then the image sub-bands are encrypted in a such way that guarantees a secure, reliable, and an unbreakable form. The encryption involves scattering the distinguishable frequency data in the image using a reversible weighting factor amongst the rest of the frequencies. The algorithm is designed to shuffle and reverse the sign of each frequency in the transformed image before the image frequencies are transformed back to the pixel domain. The results show a total deviation in pixel values between the original and encrypted image. The decryption algorithm reverses the encryption process and restores the image to its original form. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using standard security and statistical methods; results show that the proposed work is resistant to most known attacks and more secure than other algorithms in the cryptography domain.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1996년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.810-814
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• 1996

The purpose of this exclusive welding-machine process using the welding Torch-rotation form is to develop a mechanism which can solve the problem of twisted welding wires and cables. The technique was developed by revising the torch position and smooth controlling of both the formal and reverse rotation. Some of the advantages of using the Torch-rotation form over the Work-rotation technique are the practical uses of increased work space and link work with the automation system of the plant. Using this welding machine process, It is possible to design a specific tool in order to solve the implemental problem. And I produced a control plate which can manipulate the progress of the entire process at the work place. Even if another kind of axle casing's welding work is used this process can be utilized if the fixed tip and work is produced and changed. The development if this exclusive welding-machine could reduce the manpower of skilled welding labor and after considerable analysis, this machine was found to increase productivity and better quality product in comparison to the handmade product.