• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.45-66
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• 2015

This study explored the moderating effects of social supports (family support, home friends support, foreign friends support) and cultural identity (home identity, foreign identity) on the relationships of reverse culture shock and subjective well-being. Participants were 157 returnees who left home-country prior to the age of 19 and resided in the foreign-country for more than three years. The results of hierarchical regression analyses on two-way interaction effect between reverse culture shock and each hypothesized moderator (e.g., family support, home friends support, foreign friends support, home identity, foreign identity) indicated that reverse cultural shock and subjective well-being was negatively related and their relationship was moderated only by family support. Specifically, the relationship between reverse culture shock and subjective well-being was weaker when the level of family support was higher. Subsequently, three-way interaction among reverse culture shock, one of the social support factors, and one of the cultural identity factors was investigated using hierarchical regression analyses. The results showed that the three-way interaction among reverse culture shock, family support, and home identity was significant. The slope difference tests yielded that the relationship between reverse culture shock and subjective well-being was stronger when both levels of family support and home identity were lower compared to when either level of family support or home identity was higher. These results imply that environmental factors such as family support and intrapsychic factor such as home identity might function as a buffer against the negative consequences of reverse culture shock experience.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.240-246
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate effect of heat stress on expression levels of plasminogen activators (PAs) related mRNAs and proteins, and changes of PAs activity in porcine endometrial explants. The endometrial explants (200 ± 50 mg) were isolated from middle part of uterine horn at follicular phase (Day 19-21) and were pre-incubated in serum-free culture medium at 38.5℃ in 5% CO₂ for 18 h. Then, the tissues were transferred into fresh medium and were cultured at different temperature (38.5, 39.5, 40.5 or 41.5℃) for 24 h. The expression level of urokinase-type PA (uPA), type-1 PA inhibitor (PAI-1), type-2 PAI (PAI-2), and heat shock protein-90 (HSP-90) mRNA were analysis by reverse-transcription PCR and proteins were measured by western blotting. The supernatant were used for measurement of PAs activity. In results, mRNA and protein levels of HSP-90 was higher in 41.5℃ treatment groups than other treatment groups (p < 0.05). The expression of uPA, PAI-1, and PAI-2 mRNA were slightly increased by heat stress, however, there were no significant difference. Heat stress condition suppressed expression of active uPA and PAI-2 proteins (p < 0.05), whereas PAI-1 protein was increased (p < 0.01). Although PAI-1 protein was increased and active uPA was decreased, PAs activity was greatly enhanced by exposure of heat stress (p < 0.05). These results suggest that heat stress condition could change intrauterine microenvironment through regulation of PAs activity and other factors regarding with activation of PAs might be regulate by heat stress. Therefore, more studies regarding with regulatory mechanism of PAs activation are needed.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.604-613
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• 1998

The last enzyme of the sesquiterpen phytoalexin capsidiol synthesis in tobacco cell, 5-epi-aristolochene hydro-xylase which convert 5-epi-aristolochene (EAS) to capsidiol, was cloned by a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction strategy and cDNA library screening. Cloned CYP-B3 contained high probability amino acid matches to known plant cytochrome P450 sequences and open reading frame with the conserved FxxGxRxCxG heme-binding region. Transcripts of CYP-B3 were not detected in control cells, but induced in elicitor-treated cells. Furthermore, CYP-B3 transcripts were induced by fungal extracts and cellulase but not by other stimuli(chilling, heat shock and 2,4-D). Induction of CYP-B3 transcripts by elicitor treatment was not affected by ancymidol and ketoconazole treat-ments suggesting that an inhibition of hydroxylase activity by Cyt P450 inhibitors resulting from post translational processing event.