• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.189-197
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• 1992

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2017

In this study, the effects of intake valve closing timing by using Cam-in-Cam system on combustion and emission characteristics for diesel engine were investigated under GT-POWER simulation environment. As a result, it was found that volumetric efficiency and effective compression ratio were decreased as the intake valve closing(IVC) timing is retarded due to its backflow effect. Also, we found that in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate and NOx emission were decreased as IVC timing was retarded. These show that the LIVC(late intake valve closing) can be effective to control AFR and mixing rate in diffusion combustion of diesel engine.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.113-126
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• 2015

Salinity gradient power (SGP) systems have strong potential to generate sustainable clean electricity for 24 hours. Here, we introduce a solid-salt pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) system using crystal salt powders rather than seawater. Solid salts have advantages such as a small storage volume, controllable solubility, high Gibbs dissolution energy, and a single type of water intake, low pretreatment costs. The power densities with 3 M draw solutions were $11W/m^2$ with exothermic energy and $8.9W/m^2$ without at 35 bar using a HTI FO membrane (water permeability $A=0.375L\;m^{-2}h^{-1}bar^{-1}$). These empirical power densities are ~13% of the theoretical value.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.1086-1090
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• 2001

In this paper, a method deciding the permissible gains of the P and PT controllers for a retarded process under stable condition is proposed. For analysis, the controlled process is assumed to be first-order system with time delay. At first, the adjustable parameter sets causing stability limit are obtained based on the frequency domain condition which makes the roots of the characteristic equation locate on the imaginary axis. And the cut-in frequency ${\omega}_p$ to bring the parameter set to P control from PI control is derived is derived in terms of L and $T_m$ then ${\omega}_p$ is used to compute the maximum gain with stable condition. The results indicate that the permissible controller gains can be described by a unique if parameters L and $T_m$ are know.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.207-212
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• 2001

In this paper, a method to be able to decide the possible maximum gain of P, PI control for the retarded processes under stable condition is proposed. At first, adjustable parameter set causing stability limit are obtained based on the frequency domain condition which makes the roots of transfer function locate on the $j\omega$ axis. And the cut-in frequency $\omega{_p}$ to bring the parameter set to P control from PI control is derived by an equation with 2 parameters L and $T_m$ given, then $\omega{_p}$ is used to compute the maximum gain with stable condition. For the calculation, the controlled process of first order system with time delay element is introduced and all parameters are presumed to be time invariant.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제38권5_6호
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• pp.469-481
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• 2020

In this paper, we consider a control system for semilinear differential equations in Hilbert spaces with Lipschitz continuous nonlinear term. Our method is to find the equivalence of approximate controllability for the given semilinear system and the linear system excluded the nonlinear term, which is based on results on regularity for the mild solution and estimates of the fundamental solution.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1991년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국제학술편); KOEX, Seoul; 22-24 Oct. 1991
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• pp.1930-1933
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• 1991

In this paper, the robustness of self turning controller on the continuous time-delay system is investigated. The polynomial identification method using continuous time exponentially weighted least square algorithm is used for estimating the time.-delay system parameters. The pole-zero and pole placement method are adopted for the control algorithm. On considering the control weighting factor and reliability filter the effect of unmodeled dynamics of the plant are examined by the simulation.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.875-879
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• 2010

In this study, we have characterized the roles of $Cr_2O_3$ on the sintering and electrical properties of ZnO. The densification and grain growth of Cr-doped ZnO (ZCr) system was mainly influenced by Cr contents. In the beginning of sintering, the densification of ZnO was retarded as reducing the Zni concentration in ZnO lattice with Cr doping. And the densification and grain growth of ZnO was more retarded due to a formation of spinel phase with increasing the Cr contents. ZCr system revealed varistor behavior with nonlinear coefficient $\alpha$ of 3~23 depending on the sintering temperature, implying double Schottky barrier formation on the grain boundary of ZnO. Especially the best varistor characteristics should be developed with 0.1~0.5 at% Cr contents and under $1100^{\circ}C$ in ZCr systems.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.306-311
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• 2003

A growing fatigue crack is known to be retarded on application of an overload cycle. The retardation may be characterized by the total number of cycles involved during retardation and the retarded crack length. The overload ratio plays an important role to influence the retardation behavior. The objective of the present investigation is to study the effect of different overload ratio on the retardation behavior. For DENT(double edge notched tension) specimens and ESET(eccentrically-loaded single edge crack tension) specimens, fatigue crack growth tests are conducted under cyclic constant-amplitude loading including a single tensile overloading with different overload ratios. The proposed crack retardation model predicts crack growth retardation due to a single tensile overloading. The predictions are put into comparison with the experimental results to confirm the reliability of this model.

• 폴리머
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.317-322
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• 2015

염분차발전은 해수와 담수가 지속적으로 공급되는 곳에 설치된다면 다른 신재생에너지원에 비해 24시간 지속적으로 전력을 생산할 수 있는 시스템이다. 발전량은 물투과도 및 염배제율에 의해 결정되기 때문에, 세포막에 존재하는 물반투과 단백질인 아쿠아포린 분리막을 이용한 압력지연삼투법을 연구하였다. 염으로는 NaCl과 이온선택성 확인을 위하여 $NaNO_3$이 사용되었다. 생체모방형 아쿠아포린 분리막의 물투과량은 2 M 이하의 농도에서 거의 나타나지 않았다. 더욱이, 3 M 이상의 농도에서 유도용액의 농도에 따른 물투과량 차이 및 이온선택도 또한 크게 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 생체모방형 아쿠아포린 분리막은 압력지연삼투 공정에 적용하기 어렵지만, 만약 이를 극복할 수 있는 구조체가 개발된다면 세포에서의 성능치를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.