• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 호흡 동조 구동 팬톰을 이용하여 5가지의 호흡패턴에 따른 4DCT와 Slow-CT의 내부표적체적(ITV) 변화를 비교 분석하였다. 각 호흡패턴마다 호흡주기 1~4초와 표적 진폭 1~3 cm를 적용하여 4DCT와 Slow-CT를 각 3회 촬영하였다. 촬영한 영상들은 Eclipse 치료계획 시스템으로 표적을 윤곽 묘사하고 내부표적체적(ITV) 길이와 체적을 측정하였으며, 4DCT, Slow-CT의 ITV 길이와 체적의 평균값을 이론값과 비교하여 분석하였다. 4DCT에서의 ITV 길이와 체적은 호흡주기가 길수록, 표적 진폭이 짧을수록 이론값과의 차이가 감소하는 경향을 보였다. Slow-CT에서는 표적 진폭이 커질수록 4DCT와 마찬가지로 이론값과의 차이가 커졌으나 호흡주기에 따른 ITV 길이와 체적의 변화는 호흡주기 1초에서 가장 이론값 비슷하였고 2~4초 내에서는 재현성의 변화가 근소했다. 호흡패턴에 따라서는 4DCT, Slow-CT 모두 ITV 길이와 체적에 대해 A패턴에서 가장 높은 재현성을 보였고, B, C, D패턴은 서로 비슷한 차이를 보였으며 E패턴은 다른 네 패턴에 비해 이론값과의 차이가 가장 컸다. 4DCT에 대한 Slow-CT의 ITV 길이와 체적의 차이는 모든 호흡패턴에 대하여 호흡주기가 길수록, 표적 진폭이 클수록 증가하였다. 4DCT와 Slow-CT 영상간의 ITV 길이 및 체적에 대한 재현성을 비교했을 때 Slow-CT가 4DCT에 비해 평균적으로 약 22% 낮았으며, 호흡패턴에 따라 상, 하 방향에 대해 표적의 재현성이 달라졌다. A, B, C패턴의 경우 상, 하 방향으로 3 mm, E패턴은 상 방향에 비해 하 방향에서 5 mm의 차이를 보인 반면에 D패턴에서는 상 방향으로는 차이가 없었으나 하 방향으로 1.45 cm의 차이가 났다. 따라서 4DCT에 대하여 Slow-CT에 표적 움직임을 고려한 여유를 설정할 경우에는 호흡패턴에 따라 상, 하 방향에 다른 여유를 정의해야 한다고 판단된다. 향후 환자의 호흡신호를 바탕으로 CT 영상을 분석할 때 본 연구에서 수행한 데이터가 유용하게 사용될 것으로 사료된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.557-562
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• 2002

The present study was made with the aim of finding out the Kamihaepyoijin-tang's effect on the allergic asthma using the Egg-White Implant(EWI) method model recommended by de Siqueira et al. Kamihaepyoijin-tang has widely been prescribed and used in Oriental Medicine for controlling and curing of cough, asthma, nasal obstruction. Previous studies have demonstrated that Kamihaepyoijin-tang had analgesic, anticonvulsive effects. But it is uncertain whether Kamihaepyoijin-tang could inhibit the allergic reaction of rats with experimentally induced allergic asthma using EWI method. With such aim. the respiratory patterns and eosinophil infiltration in the tracheal mucosa of the rats were mainly observed. The results were summerized as follows ; 1. The frequency of malformed respiratory patterns in Kamihaepyoijin-tang treated groups were decreased as compared with the control group. 2. The Ratio of malformed respiratory patterns in Kamihaepyoijin-tang treated groups were significantly decreased as compared with the control group(p<0.02). 3. The eosinophil infiltration in Kamihaepyoijin-tang treated groups were decreased as compared with the control group. 4. The eosinophil infiltration that inside of trachea tissue in Kamihaepyoijin-tang treated groups were significantly decreased as compared with the control group(p<0.05). Depending upon above results, it is considered that Kamihaepyoijin-tang has the inhibitory effects on the allergic asthma of rats and suggested that it could be used in relieving patients of the symptoms which are caused by allergic asthma.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2003

The genetic relatedness of multidrug-resistant pneumococcal isolates of serotypes 19F and 23F was investigated. The DNA fragments digested with Sma I were resolved by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). PFGE analysis of 365. pneumoniae isolates showed 13 different patterns. Among 22 isolates of serotype 19F, 9 different PFGE patterns were present and 14 isolates of serotype 23F isolates represented 5 distinct PFGE patterns. Two isolates of serotype 19F and six isolates of serotype 23F shared the same PFGE pattern (Pattern I). Based on the genetic relatedness within the strains (one genetic cluster was defined as having more than 85% homology), we divided the pneumococcal strains into genefic clusters (Ⅰ, II, III, IV, V, and VI). The 22 strains of serotype 19F belonged to five distinct genetic clusters (I, II, III, IV, V and VI) and 14 strains of serotype 23F represented two genetic clusters (I and II ). These results showed that strains of serotype 19F are genetically more diverse than those of serotype 23F, Serotype 19F isolates with PFGE patterns H and I appeared to be less related to those of the remaining PFCE patterns (A to G) (less than 60% genetic relatedness), but those strains were genetically closely related with serotype 23f. These results suggest that the latter isolates originated from horizontal transfer of the capsular type 19F gene locus to 23F pneumococcal genotypes. In conclusion, the multidrug-resistant pneumococcal isolates of serotype 19f and 23F isolated in Korea are the result of the spread of a limited number of resistant clones.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.327-343
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a standard tool for identifying idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patterns. Methods: Textbooks, published literature, and references with comments on patterns were reviewed. Using the Delphi method, we determined pattern identification based on the advice of a committee consisting of 11 Korean respiratory internal medicine professors. Results: Four pattern identifications were selected by the Delphi method: qi difficiency (氣虛), yin difficiency (陰虛), phlegm dampness (痰飮), blood stasis (瘀血). The tool was developed in a question-and-answer format containing 38 questions. Conclusions: An IPF pattern identification tool that can analyze IPF patterns for standardized diagnostics was developed with the consent of experts. Further research is needed on its reliability.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.323-328
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• 2008

A patient with respiratory disorders such as a sleep apnea is increasing as the obese patient increase on the modern society. Positive Airway Pressure (PAP) devices are used in curing patient with respiratory disorders and turn out to be efficacious for patients of 75%. However, these devices are required for evaluating their performance to improve their performance by the mechanical breathing simulator. Recently, the mechanical breathing simulator was studied by the real time feedback control. However, the mechanical breathing simulator by an open loop control was specially required in order to analyze the effect of flow rate and pressure after operating the breathing auxiliary devices. Therefore the aims of this study were to make the mechanical breathing simulator by a piston motion and a valve function from the characteristic test of valve and motor, and to duplicate the flow rate and pressure profiles of some breathing patterns: normal and three disorder patterns. The mechanical simulator is composed cylinder, valve, ball screw and the motor. Also, the characteristic test of the motor and the valve were accomplished in order to define the relationship between the characteristics of simulator and the breathing profiles. Then, the flow rate and pressure profile of human breathing patterns were duplicated by the control of motor and valve. The result showed that the simulator reasonably duplicated the characteristics of human patterns: normal, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), mild hypopnea with snore and mouth expiration patterns. However, we need to improve this simulator in detail and to validate this method for other patterns.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.84-95
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• 2008

Background and purpose: Health is characterized by variability and a loss variability is associated with aging and disease. Normal healthy respiratory patterns are characterized by breath to breath variability. The aim of this study is to analyze Correlation Analysis of 10 respiratory indices(include breath to breath variability) and K-POMS factors score. Method: Respiratory data were measured during 15 minutes and transferred to text file. We calculated 10 respiratory parameters in use of MATLAB7.1. After then do correlation analysis of 10 respiratory indices and K-POMS factors score. Result and conclusion: Respiratory variability is showed significant correlation with vigor factor. Respiratory rate is showed significant correlation with depression factor.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.32-47
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a standard tool for pattern identification of radiation pneumonitis. Methods: Textbooks, published studies, and references with comments about patterns were reviewed. Through the Delphi method, we determined pattern identifications based on advice from a committee of experts composed of 13 Korean respiratory internal medicine professors. Results: Using the Delphi method, four pattern identifications were chosen: Qi Deficiency (氣虛), Yin Deficiency (陰虛), Heat Toxin (熱毒), and Phlegm Dampness (痰濕). The tool was developed in a question-and-answer format with 35 questions. Conclusions: A pattern identification tool that can discriminate the patterns of radiation pneumonitis for standardized diagnosis was developed through expert consultation. Further study of its validity and reliability is necessary.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.74-83
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• 2008

Background and purpose : Health is characterized by variability, and the loss of variability is associated with aging and disease. Normal healthy respiratory patterns are characterized by breath to breath variability. Cold-Heat scores are quantified indices in Korean Medicine. The aim of this study is to analyze relations between 9 respiratory indices (including breath to breath variability) and HRV(heart rate variability). Method : Respiratory data were measured during a period of 15 minutes and transferred to text file. We calculated 9 respiratory parameters using MATLAB 7.1. Afterwards we did correlation analysis of the 9 respiratory indices and HRV. Results and conclusion : Respiratory variability showed significant correlation with HRV.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 조영증강 초음파 영상에서 조영효과 확산 패턴과 동적 혈류 패턴을 가시화 하는 방법론을 제시한다. 세부적으로 조영증강 초음파 데이터에서 조영제의 전이시간, 최대 명도변화, 조영효과의 감쇄 시간 등과 같은 진단 파라미터를 영상으로 생성하는 기법을 제안한다. 간병변 진단과 같은 의료 진단에서 조영제의 전이와 확산 속도는 매우 중요한 요소가 된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 조영효과의 확산 패턴을 하나의 영상으로 표현하는 방법을 제시하였다. 이 과정에서 호흡에 의한 흔들림으로 인하여 영상의 정확도가 저하시키는 현상을 개선하기 위하여 호흡주기에 따른 동적 가중치와 모멘텀 요소를 사용하는 영상추적 기법을 제안하였다. 총 72개의 조영증강 데이터를 사용한 실험을 통하여, 제안된 기법이 초음파진단에서 육안 판별의 한계를 극복할 수 있게 하고, 호흡에 의한 흔들림을 보정함으로써 진단 파라미터의 신뢰도를 향상시킬 수 있음을 보인다.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.96-106
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• 2008

Background and purpose : Health is characterized by variability and a loss variability is associated with aging and disease. Normal healthy respiratory patterns are characterized by breath to breath variability. Cold-Heat score are quantified indices in Korean Medicine. The aim of this study is to analyze relations between 9 respiratory indices (including breath to breath variability) and cold-heat score by questionnaire. Method : Respiratory data were measured during 15 minutes and transferred to text file. We calculated 9 respiratory parameters in use of MATLAB7.1. After then we did correlation analysis of 9 respiratory indices and cold-heat score Results and conclusion : EIratio is showed significant correlation with Cold score and weighted Heat score.