• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.74 no.3
• /
• pp.97-103
• /
• 2013

A lung cyst is an air-filled lucent structure surrounded by a thin wall. The presence of multiple intrapulmonary cysts is defined as cystic lung disease. Although cystic lung disease is rare, incidental detection has increased significantly in recent years by screening using computed tomography. There are many conditions that can mimic lung cysts and cause cystic lung disease. Clinical, radiographic, and histologic findings are all necessary for a proper diagnosis, and multidisciplinary approaches are frequently required. The aim of this report is to review the causes and characteristics of cystic lung disease to better understand and improve treatment.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.71 no.3
• /
• pp.163-171
• /
• 2011

Recently published articles on interstitial lung disease (ILD) have focused on the accurate diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), serum biomarkers, acute exacerbation of IPF, the prognostic factors of ILD and the trial of new treatment. In particular, reports on the serum biomarkers such as CC-chemokine ligand 18, surfactant protein, circulating fibrocytes, and acute exacerbation of IPF are sufficient to be mentioned here. Pirfenidone therapy is the most important trial for the treatment of IPF. Other newer treatment trials such as interferon-gamma, sildenafil and imatinib have been reported to be unsuccessful. On the other hand, the sirolimus trial for lymphangioleiomyomatosis is promising. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema and IgG4-related disease are established to be the new disease entities of ILD.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2024

Patients with acute respiratory diseases, such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) due to COVID-19, must wear masks, protective clothing, face shields, and gloves to prevent infection during treatment and performance. Even if it is applied to disabled people, families who protect them are severely mentally tired from severe physical fatigue and stress from exposure to high-risk infectious diseases. As such, the spread of infectious diseases such as respiratory diseases has not only caused difficulties in using existing welfare and medical services but also caused various problems throughout the daily life of disabled people due to the prolonged infectious disease, and its scope is gradually expanding. Therefore, it should not be overlooked that disabled people may experience various difficulties, from the spread of infectious diseases such as respiratory diseases to isolation, diagnosis, and treatment, and it is time to actively assess the life changes felt by families caring for disabled people and consider and research to provide adequate services. According to the survey of disabled people is being conducted in the context of the spread of infectious diseases such as respiratory diseases, while research on the spread of infectious diseases such as respiratory diseases is rare for parents with disabilities. There is a need for additional investigation into the characteristics in other areas of everyday life, including the health field, which is deteriorating through prior research. Therefore, through this survey, the purpose of this study is to investigate the life changes of parents with disabilities in the context of the spread of infectious diseases such as respiratory diseases and to compare and analyze them to find out how parents were affected by each type of disability. It will be used as evidence to identify more necessary needs and problems for parents with disabilities in the spread of infectious diseases such as respiratory diseases and to provide more appropriate health care and welfare services in the future.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.654-660
• /
• 1998

Pulmonary embolism is one of the moot common acute pulmonary disease in the adult general hospital population However, the disease is still frequently unsuspected and underdiagnosed due to the nonspecificity of both clinical findings and laboratory tests. The chest radiography in a patient suspected acute pulmonary embolism do not provide adequate information to establish or exclude the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Even in the case of infarction, there is no pathognomonic clues on the chest film. Rarely infarction presents unusual roentgenologic manifestation such as lobar consolidation, coin lesion, multinodular opacity, or massive pleural effusion Especially, lobar consolidation in pulmonary embolism might mislead into the diagnosis of pneumonia. We experienced a case of pulmonary embolism presenting lobar consolidation in a 62 years old woman, originated from deep vein thrombosis. She took a compression stocking and underwent anticoagulant therapy with excellent outcome.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.56 no.6
• /
• pp.571-584
• /
• 2004

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one of the most advanced imaging techniques in clinical and research medicine. However, clinical application of MRI to the lung or thorax has been limited due to various drawbacks. Low signal intensity of the lung and cardiac and respiratory movements are the most serious problems with MRI in thorax. Nevertheless, MRI is superior to CT in some selected patients with thoracic diseases. The role of clinical MRI in thoracic disease has been widened with improvement of MR equipments and development of new pulse sequences. Otherwise, functional assessment of lung by MRI has been studied for the last decade. These include perfusion MRI with or without contrast enhancement and ventilation MRI with oxygen-enhancement or hyperpolarized noble gas, $^3He$ and $^{129}Xe$.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.76 no.5
• /
• pp.199-210
• /
• 2014

Pleural effusion is not a rare disease in Korea. The diagnosis of pleural effusion is very difficult, even though the patients often complain of typical symptoms indicating of pleural diseases. Pleural effusion is characterized by the pleural cavity filled with transudative or exudative pleural fluids, and it is developed by various etiologies. The presence of pleural effusion can be confirmed by radiological studies including simple chest radiography, ultrasonography, or computed tomography. Identifying the causes of pleural effusions by pleural fluid analysis is essential for proper treatments. This review article provides information on the diagnostic approaches of pleural effusions and further suggested ways to confirm their various etiologies, by using the most recent journals for references.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.79 no.4
• /
• pp.307-311
• /
• 2016

Pulmonary strongyloidiasis is an uncommon presentation of Strongyloides infection, usually seen in immunocompromised hosts. The manifestations are similar to that of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, the diagnosis of pulmonary strongyloidiasis could be challenging in a COPD patient, unless a high index of suspicion is maintained. Here, we present a case of Strongyloides hyperinfection in a COPD patient mimicking acute exacerbation, who was on chronic steroid therapy.

• Neonatal Medicine
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.137-143
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study was performed to determine the clinical features of full-term infants with hypoxemia detected by pulse oximetry and to establish the diagnosis of critical congenital heart disease (CCHD). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of neonates who had been admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit within 2 weeks of birth at Korea University Ansan Hospital between January 2013 and October 2017 (n=450). We classified these neonates based on the presence of hypoxemia at admission and investigated neonatal characteristics, initial symptoms, echocardiographic findings, and final diagnosis associated with hypoxemic diseases. Results: Of 450 term infants, 265 infants (58.9%) were identified hypoxemia by pulse oximetry at admission. The most common symptoms of them were cyanosis and tachypnea. Among them, 80.1% of infants (214/265) were diagnosed with respiratory tract disease and 8.3% of infants (22/265) had congenital heart disease. Thirteen infants (13/265, 4.9%) had CCHD and were treated with urgent surgery or transcatheter intervention within 28 days of birth. Majority of infants with respiratory tract disorder were transferred from hospital immediately after birth, but 46.1% of infants (6/13) with CCHD remained asymptomatic after birth and were admitted after 48 hours after birth. In addition, other hypoxemic illnesses were identified as neonatal infectious and neurological diseases. Conclusion: This study showed the importance of assessment in neonates with hypoxemia, including those diagnosed with CCHD. The possibility of CCHD should be considered in the differential diagnosis in neonates demonstrating hypoxemia after 48 hours of birth. A larger prospective study is needed to assess the effectiveness and outcomes of pulse oximetry for neonatal screening in Korea.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.59 no.6
• /
• pp.591-599
• /
• 2005

Asthma is the most common disease of the lungs, and one that poses specific challenges for the physicians including radiologist. This article reviews for the clinical diagnosis, Radiologic features, and differential diagnosis of asthma, and outlines the radiologic features of the complications of asthma. Bronchial wall thickening and hyperinflation characterize the chest radiograph of the patients with asthma. On CT scan one may see airway wall thickening, thickened centrilobular structures, and focal or diffuse hyperlucency. Apparent bronchial dilatation may be seen, but the diagnosis of bronchiectasis should be made with caution. Quantification of changes in the airway wall and lung parenchyma may be valuable in understanding the mechanisms of asthma and in evaluating the effects of treatment. The challenge for the physician evaluating the images of a patient with asthma is to find complications.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.78 no.2
• /
• pp.47-55
• /
• 2015

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) constitutes about 20% of all cases of tuberculosis (TB) in Korea. Diagnosing EPTB remains challenging because clinical samples obtained from relatively inaccessible sites may be paucibacillary, thus decreasing the sensitivity of diagnostic tests. Whenever practical, every effort should be made to obtain appropriate specimens for both mycobacteriologic and histopathologic examinations. The measurement of biochemical markers in TB-affected serosal fluids (adenosine deaminase or gamma interferon) and molecular biology techniques such as polymerase chain reaction may be useful adjuncts in the diagnosis of EPTB. Although the disease usually responds to standard anti-TB drug therapy, the ideal regimen and duration of treatment have not yet been established. A paradoxical response frequently occurs during anti-TB therapy. It should be distinguished from other causes of clinical deterioration. Surgery is required mainly to obtain valid diagnostic specimens and to manage complications. Because smear microscopy or culture is not available to monitor patients with EPTB, clinical monitoring is the usual way to assess the response to treatment.