• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.1098-1101
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• 2004

The ordinary stereo image of an object consists of data of left and right views. Therefore, the left and right image pairs have to be transmitted simultaneously in order to display 3-dimentional video at the remote site. However, due to the twice data in comparing with a monoscopic image of the same object, it needs to be compressed for fast transmission and resource saving. Hence, it needs an effective coding algorithm for compressing stereo image. It was found previously that compressing left and right frames independently will achieve the compression ratio lower than compressing by utilizing the spatial redundancy between both frames. Therefore, in this paper, we study the stereo image compression technique based on the multiresolution wavelet transform using varied disparity-block size for estimation and compensation. The size of disparity-block in the stereo pair subbands are scaling on a coarse-to-fine wavelet coefficients strategy. Finally, the reference left image and residual right image after disparity estimation and compensation are coded by using SPIHT coding. The considered method demonstrates good performance in both PSNR measures and visual quality for stereo image.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2020

This study proposed a simple estimation method for irrigation return flow from paddy fields using the water balance model. The merit of this method is applicability to other paddy fields irrigated from agricultural reservoirs due to the simplicity compared with the previous monitoring based estimation method. It was assumed that the unused amount of irrigation water was the return flow which included the quick and delayed return flows. The amount of irrigation supply from a reservoir was estimated from the reservoir water balance with the storage rate and runoff model. It was also assumed that the infiltration was the main source of the delayed return flow and that the other delayed return flow was neglected. In this study, the amount of reservoir inflow and water demand from paddy field are calculated on a daily basis, and irrigation supply was calculated on 10-day basis, taking into account the uncertainty of the model and the reliability of the data. The regression rate was calculated on a yearly basis, and yearly data was computed by accumulating daily and 10-day data, considering that the recirculating water circulation cycle was relatively long. The proposed method was applied to the paddy blocks of the Jamhong and Seosan agricultural reservoirs and the results were acceptable.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.147-152
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• 2010

Project implementation plan is a blueprint that confirms project performance activities and specifies required man-hour, period and resource imput ratio. Various figures, the results of implementation plan, are predicted through estimation, and because of superiority of objectivity and repeatability, numerical formula-based estimation model is often used overseas. COCOMO model is the representative estimation model whose theories and formulas are publicized and it predicts the total man-hour required for software system development. This model is publicized in "Software Engineering Economics" written by Professor Barry Boehm of the U.S., and is the most widely applied numerical formula-based estimation model. This study is conducted to provide a series of methods that are optimal for KTDS environment by choosing COCOMO II model among various types of COCOMO models. In establishing implementation plan, COCOMO II model alone is not sufficient, it is necessary to link with and apply standard WBS system and standard man-hour. In establishing specific implementation plan, phased standard WBS system in order of the first phase of all the activities implemented in the project, Activity, Task, and Role, and the man-hour put into this should be distributed according to standard ratio from COCOMO II model's total man-hour. This study provides explainations by establishing standard WBS system and linking with COCOMO II model.

• IE interfaces
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.347-356
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• 2012

The acquisition cost of defense weapon system has been continuously increasing because of art-of-technology of it. This phenomenon requires efficiency and transparency in the weapon system acquisition process through cost estimation. Therefore cost estimation is very important to the government acquisition programs to support decisions about funding and to evaluate resource requirement as a key decision point. The Commercial parametric cost estimating models have been using extensively to obtain appropriate cost estimates in early acquisition phase. These models have many restrictions to ensure the cost estimating result in Korean defense environment because they are developed based on foreign R&D data. Also estimation results are different from Korean defense industry accounting system. So, some studies have been tried to develop a CER (Cost Estimation Relationship) based on the Korean historical data. However, there are some restrictions to improve the predictability and ensure the stability of the developed singular CERs which consider the following data characteristics individually. The the abnormal conditions of data that is multicollinearity, outlier and heteroscedasticity under rack of the number of observations. In this paper, a CER's Linear Combining Model is proposed to overcome those limitations which guarantee more accurate estimation (25.42% higher precision) than other singular CERs. At least, this study is meaningful as a first attempt to improve the predictability of CER with insufficient data. The methodology suggested in this study will be useful to develop a complex Korean version cost estimating model development in future.

• Clean Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.258-266
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• 2022

Resource productivity (GDP/DMC) is defined as GDP divided by DMC. However, it has shortcomings when estimating the value-added generated from material processing. In this paper, an energy coefficient is applied to GDP to develop a sub-indicator (referred to as GDPe/DMC). Consequently, South Korea, which is a secondary industry-oriented country, created 1,094.60 USD/ton from input materials and was ranked 4th on the OECD list, which is 10 levels higher than the level estimated by GDP/DMC. However, Luxembourg, which is a tertiary industry-oriented country, is ranked 16th on the OECD list, which is 12 levels lower than the level estimated by GDP/DMC. The resource productivity estimated by the sub-indicator (GDPe/DMC) developed in this study indicates that secondary industry-oriented countries are undervalued in the existing main GDP/DMC calculation. On the other hand, tertiary industry-oriented countries are downgraded due to the industrial features of the GDPe/DMC calculation. As a result of this paper, GDPe/DMC could be considered a more reasonable indicator to directly reflect the material input effect compared to the existing main indicator, GDP/DMC. This means that GDPe/DMC-induced resource productivities could be estimated to be slightly higher than the GDP/DMC-induced resource productivities for secondary industry-oriented countries. It is expected that the sub-indicator, GDPe/DMC, proposed in this study could be useful especially for comparing and analyzing the resource productivities between countries that have different industry structures. This study intended to consider a structurally energy/resource-intensive industry in estimating and analyzing national-level resource productivity. Thus, the sub-indicator, GDPe/DMC, may help minimize the distortion of interpreting national resource productivities in various situations, and be utilized as a more efficient tool when used together with GDP/DMC.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.253-280
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• 1999

A cost analysis for hospitalized patients was performed based on the RBRVS in order to determine an appropriate nursing fee schedule. The study was conducted through three phases as follows: 1) Nursing activities provided for the inpatients currently in Korea were identified and classified using a taxonomy which was developed by our research team through the Delphi process. 2) The resource-based relative points for every nursing activity according to nursing time, mental effort and judgement, technical skill, physical effort and stress were determined through a survey of 300 clinical RNs working at 5 tertiary hospitals from May 25 to July 25. 1998. 3) The nursing cost of every nursing activity for hospitalized patients was estimated based on the RBRVS. As a result, 136 nursing activities were identified and classified by nursing processes and nursing domains. However, our classification system of nursing activities should continue to be refined, and all nursing practices should be standardized. The nursing activities were given resource-based relative points ranging from 100 to 400 points, then each nursing activity was assigned a value for the RBRVS, which was determined by the exponential function of 2resource-based relative point/100. Thus, a value of 2 was calculated for 100 points, 4 for 200 points, 8 for 300 points, and 16 for 400 points. Meanwhile, the unit cost of nursing was calculated as 170 Won. The nursing cost of 136 nursing activities was estimated using the RBRVS as shown in