• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.36-41
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• 2014

The world's overall need for natural gas (NG) has been growing up fast, especially in the residential sector. The better the estimation of residential NG consumption (RNGC) distribution, the better decision-making for a residential NG policy such as pricing, demand estimation, management options and so on. Approximating the distribution of RNGC is complicated by zero observations in the sample. To deal with the zero observations by allowing a point mass at zero, a mixture model of RNGC distributions is proposed and applied. The RNGC distribution is specified as a mixture of two distributions, one with a point mass at zero and the other with full support on the positive half of the real line. The model is empirically verified for household RNGC survey data collected in Korea. The mixture model can easily capture the common bimodality feature of the RNGC distribution. In addition, when covariates were added to the model, it was found that the probability that a household has non-expenditure significantly varies with some variables. Finally, the goodness-of-fit test suggests that the data are well represented by the mixture model.

• Architectural research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2019

Recent years in Korea, some new developed buildings are only using electricity as power for heating, cooling, bathing and even cooking which means except electricity, there is no natural gas or other kinds of energy used in such kind of building. In vehicle industry area, scientists already invented electric vehicle as an environment friendly vehicle; after that, in architecture design and construction field, buildings only using electricity appeared; the curiosity of the environment impact of energy consumption by such kind of building lead me to do this research. In general, electricity is known as a clean energy resource reasoned by it is noncombustible energy resource; however, although there is no environmental pollution by using electricity, electricity generation procedure in power plant may cause huge amount of environment pollution; especially, electricity generation from combusting coal in power plant could emit enormous air pollutants to the air. In this research, the yearly amount of air pollution by energy using under traditional way in research target building that is using natural gas for heating, bathing and cooking and electricity for lighting, equipment and cooling is compared with yearly amount of air pollution by only using electricity as power in the building; result shows that building that only uses electricity emits much more air pollutants than uses electricity and natural gas together in the building. According to the amount of air pollutants comparison result between two different energy application types in the building, residential SOFC (Solid oxide fuel cell) is simulated to apply in this building for decreasing environment pollution of the building; furthermore, high load factor could lead high efficiency of SOFC, in the scenario of simulating applying SOFC in the building, SOFC is shared by two or three households in spring and autumn to increase efficiency of the SOFC. In sum, this research is trying to demonstrate electricity is a conditioned environment friendly energy resource; in the meanwhile, SOFC is simulated efficiently applying in the building only using electricity as power to decrease the large amount of air pollutants by energy using in the building. Energy consumption of the building is analyzed by calibrated commercial software Design Builder; the calibrated mathematical model of SOFC is referred from other researcher's study.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.99-104
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• 2013

Many activities associated with the construction and habitation of buildings are connected with issues affecting the environment such as global warming, climate change, and consumption of valuable natural resources such as fossil fuels. To minimize negative impacts on the environment, the building industry worldwide has implemented green building practices in many countries. One of the main green strategies is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions caused by residential structures because they are most substantially connected with global warming and climate change. To determine the actual quantity of green house gas emissions caused by the construction and use of a building, it is important to analyze total greenhouse gas emissions over the life cycle of buildings including construction, operation & maintenance(O&M) and demolition stages. Many studies suggest methods to calculate greenhouse gas emissions at the construction stage, but the literature addressing greenhouse gas emissions at the O & M stage is limited. A year-long study was conducted utilizing the deterioration method to calculate greenhouse gas emissions at the O & M stage of building life for condominium types of buildings in South Korea. Through this research, it is possible to analyze greenhouse gas emissions of buildings at the O & M stage, the longest span of the life cycle, and eventually help to calculate total greenhouse gas emissions over the life cycle of the building.