• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.39-48
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• 2020

This study intends to the estimate the determinants and state dependence of long-term care services in Korea. For this purpose, we analyzed the transition patterns among three states of long-term care service utilization over time by using the Korea Welfare Panel Study data with the random effect multinomial logit model. It is found that the result showed a strong state dependence in long-term care service utilization. Especially, long-term care insurance for the elderly showed a strong state dependence among others. Among the individual demographic characteristics, the higher the age, the higher the probability of using long-term care insurance for the elderly, while the lower the probability when married. The characteristics of the residential region showed that the residents of the urban-rural integrated region had a significantly higher probability of using long-term care insurance than the reference region. The results of this study suggest that the long-term care service users have a strong state dependence, which means that it is important to take into account the increase in the utilization period of existing users in future demand forecasting.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.80-91
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the study quantitatively investigates the experience of unmet healthcare service utilization by rural populations in vulnerable areas during the COVID-19 pandemic based on Andersen's behavior model. At the same time, this study attempts to describe the experiences of unmet healthcare service utilization among participants in vulnerable rural areas by analyzing qualitative contents through open-ended question. Methods: Data were collected from October to November 2022 using Qualtrix, a web-based survey platform. A total of 863 participants completed an online survey. Quantitative data were analyzed using 𝑥² test and logistic regression analysis. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: The factors affecting participants' unmet healthcare service utilization were type of residential area and underlying disease. The qualitative analysis identified; four categories and nine sub-categories. Conclusion: Based on these findings, it is necessary to develop a disaster nursing response model according to the type of residential areas and the number of people.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.59-72
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• 2019

Purpose: Nursing homes are a type of residential care that provide diverse services such as planned activities, convalescent care, skilled nursing and memory care. Nursing homes are good facilities for old people with dementia to improve their quality of life. On the other hand, the subjectivity toward nursing homes can vary to greater or lesser degrees. The purpose of this study was to identify the subjective attitudes and viewpoints toward nursing homes in undergraduate nursing students. Methods: The Q methodology, which is a research method to study the people's subjectivity, was used. The 40 Q-statements selected from each of 43 participants were classified into the shape of a normal distribution. The data collected were analyzed using the QUANL program. Results: Three types of subjectivity toward nursing homes emerged: 'Type I, in terms of usage of nursing homes-hesitative perspectives;', 'Type II, in terms of running of nursing homes-progressive perspectives;', and 'Type III, in terms of admission to nursing homes-constructive perspectives'. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that nursing intervention programs should be developed for the three types. The study results will lead to further research.

• Architectural research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2007

The objective of this research study was twofold; 1) to explore and identify health supportive design factors in Swedish elderly care homes and 2) to understand their usefulness and suggest implication in Korean elderly care settings. A descriptive and explorative method was applied using a combination of field studies and semi-structured interviews. Three study trips were carried out during Sept. $14^{th}$ and Oct. $12^{th}$ 2005; two facilities situated in Stockholm suburbs and one in the south of Sweden. According to this research, the valuable factors to support health and well-being for the elderly are as follows; 1) Community integration: These elderly care homes are generally places close to a residential area center or a city center. Services are often shared between residents and community members at large, consequently there is a flow of "visitors" of all ages connecting with the facility on a daily basis. 2) Homelike environment: A noteworthy aspect of Swedish elderly care homes is keeping the facility appearance as homelike as possible. The associations with home may be explored through the appearance and configuration of both the exterior and interior of the building. These homes seemed to be designed with a conscious aim to create a homelike setting. 3) Small scale approach: Clustering of resident rooms is one method through which the small scale approach can be achieved in larger facilities. With unit clusters, the facility can foster opportunities for social interactions among resident. 4) Accessibility to garden and nature: The courtyard is a well developed concept in planning elderly care homes in Sweden. They are generally safe and easily accessible to the residents. Studying Swedish models may provide practical knowledge of how the physical setting may improve resident's health in Korean elderly care homes.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.289-299
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• 2012

The study was carried out to provide basic data of improving the accessibility of medical service through identifying the factors that make hospital injury inpatient in non-residential area not in their residential area in Gyeongsangnam-do. This study analyzed not only 8,225 cases of discharged patients with damages from 2008, provided by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, but also using a census and a research data on the actual condition from health care system. This study conducted a frequency test, a chi-square test and a logistic regression In result, first, the centralization of medical utilization of patients with damages is apparent centrally the city area. Second, medical utilization of injury patients in non-residential areas were significantly higher local area compared to City area. To improve this, a policy that can not only provide medical centers and sickbed, but also improve the quality of local medical treatments for the localization of medical treatments, for the accessibility of medical services, government is demanded policy for patients with damages in local area.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.526-541
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the needs and complaints of the victims through the service design methodology and provide customized living services in indoor temporary residential facilities that can improve them. Method: The paper proceeded on the double diamond process. In the discovery phase, prior research analysis and surveys identified the needs and complaints of the victims. In the definition phase, persona and scenario were used to further clarify the problems of living service for indoor temporary residential facilities. In the development phase, wrote a service blueprint and found a section where problems occur during the service delivery process. In the delivery phase, compared the improved service with the existing service and proposed improvement plan. Result: Proposed service solutions that can improve privacy guarantee service, senior care service, and meal and laundry service problems. Conclusion: The proposed improvements are considered to provide improved living services in indoor temporary residential facilities.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.58-72
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• 2000

This study was an attempt to encourage the development of a rehabilitation delivery system and programs as a substitute service for hospitalization on the case of car accident patients, such as hospital based home health care nursing services. Various substitute services for hospitalization are required to curtail the length of stay for inpatients who were hospitalized with car accident compensation insurance. It focused on developing an estimation an early discharge day for car accident inpatients based on detailed statements of treatment for 111 inpatients who were hospitalized at the General Hospital in 1997. This study had four specific purposes as follows. First. to find out the utilization of medical services. Second, to estimate the time of early discharge and income increasing effect based on early discharge for those patients. Third, to identify the factors affecting total medical expenditure and the length of stay for those inpatients. Forth, to figure out the need of utilizing home health care nursing service for accident patients. In order to analyze the length of stay and medical expenditure for inpatients who were hospitalized due to car accidents, the authors conducted micro- and macro-analysis of medical and medical expenditure records. Micro-analysis was done by nominal group discussion of 4 expertise with the critical criteria, such as a decrease in the amount of treatment after surgery, treatments, tests, drugs and changes in the test consistency, drug methods, vital signs, start of ROM exercise, doctor's order, patient's outside visiting ability, and stable conditions. In addition to identifying variables affecting medical expenditure, and the length of stay and income effect due to early discharge day, the data was analyzed with a multiple regression analysis and linear regression analysis model by SPSS-PC for windows and Excell program. Results of this study were as follows. First. the mean length of stay was 50.3 days. whereas the mean length of stay due to early discharge was 34.3 days at the hospital. The estimation of time of early discharge depended on the length of stay. The longer the length of stay, the longer the length of time of early discharge : for instance a length of stay under 10 days was estimated as correlating to a mean length of stay of 6.6 days and early discharge of 6.5. The mean length of stay was 217.4 days and the time of early discharge was 110.1 respectively. The mean medical expenditure per day was found to be 169.085 Won and the mean medical expenditure per day showed negative linear trends according to the length of stay at the hospital. The estimation results of the income effect due to being discharged 16 days early was around 2,244,000 won per bed. However. this sum does not represent the real benefits resulting from early discharge, but rather the income increasing amount without considering medical prime cost in the general hospital. Therefore, further analysis is required on the cost containments and benefits as turn over rate per bed as the medical prime costs. The length of stay was most significant and was positive to the total medical expenditure, as expected. Surgery and patient's residential area was also an important variable in explaining medical expenditure. The level of complications was the most significant variable in explaining the length of stay. There was a high level for need a home health care nursing service which further supports early discharge for accident patients. In addition, when the patient was discharged. they needed follow up care for complications suffered during the car accident. $86.8\%$ of discharged patients responded that they needed home health services after early discharge. From these research findings, the following suggestions have been drawn. Strategies on a health care delivery system must be developed in order to focus on the consumer's needs and being planned for 21 century health policy in Korea. Community based intermediate facilities or home health care should be developed for rehabilitation services as a substitute for hospitalization in order to shorten the length of stay would be. A hospital based home health care nursing service. it would be available immediately to utilize by patients who want rehabilitation services as a substitute for hospitalization with the cooperation of car insurance companies.

• Architectural research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

Various housing measures are needed for the rapidly aging society of Korea. In particular, the welfare policy for the elderly has changed towards the community care. Taking this fact into consideration, it is necessary to have the establishment of a system that offers the elderly appropriate welfare services at their appropriate residence (ageing in place) for the effectiveness of the community care. In this aspect, there are a number of implications to Korea to study merits and demerits of the Health Facilities for the Aged (HFA) in Japan. The society of Japan has been rapidly aging since 1970, and Korea is to face the same situation. As for the data of this study, a total of 2,393 facilities (as of November 1999) mentioned in the annual report of the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare were classified based on types of their establishment: (1) free-standing structures (603 facilities); (2) annexes to hospitals (981 facilities); (3) annexes to welfare facilities (511 facilities); and (4) annexes to clinics (298 facilities). Next, 239 facilities were selected through taking a sample of 10 percent from each type of the HFA mentioned above. This was done through the random sampling method with the computer program of MS EXCEL. The Implications of the results of analyses are as follows. First, most of the health facilities were planned with the scale that was larger than the scale of standard special nursing homes in terms of the total floor area. Precise equations that were to obtain precise results of the scale of the HFA and the appropriate number of residents were obtained through the method of the regression analysis. Korea and Japan have similarities in terms of culture, society and family relations; however, the two countries also have differences in terms of the application of laws on the establishment of houses, hospitals, and welfare facilities. As for planning the scale of the HFA, the realities of Korea should be considered. Second, as for the functional aspect of the HFA with a condition of returning home, the place before and after the HFA showed the pattern of 'from a residential place to a residential place' and 'from a hospital to a hospital.' This reveals a close correlation with the types of the HFAs and operational ways of the facilities. Its cause is considered to be the aspect of the operation and management of the HFA rather than the aspect of its function of providing services in association with medical and health facilities. Therefore, when intermediate welfare facilities are considered in Korea, it is strongly advised to consider the problem of annexes to other facilities and efficiency of sharing of the facilities in terms of its operation and management.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.201-210
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• 2010

Over the past few decades, the proportion of elderly people in Korea has been rapidly increasing. In particular, rural areas are experiencing aging of communities more rapidly compared to urban areas. However, public policy for the elderly does not respond to the needs of rural elderly. To distribute health care resources equitably, it is necessary to gather reliable information on the health status of the elderly. The purpose of this study is to explore factors affecting Korean elderly people's ADL functional status. The data sources are from 2004 Elderly Living Condition Survey. The Analysis sample consists of 3,278 cases. Analysis results show that there is a significant residential variability in education, monthly stipend, living arrangement, subjective health status, regular food in-take, and regular exercise. Logistic regression analysis results also show that 'cognitive ability'(exp(B)=6.603), 'subjective health status'(exp(B)=4.576), 'age'(exp(B)=2.610), and 'living arrangement'(exp(B)=.589) are factors affecting ADLs. Namely, when a respondent's cognitive ability is limited, subjective health status is poor, or if their age is over 75, the probability of having a limited ADL has been 6.6 times, 4.6 times, and 2.6 times higher than otherwise. Among these variables, cognitive ability was the best explanation. In contrast, respondents who live with a spouse or adult children have a lower probability of having limited ADL compared with those who live alone. Considering that the most critical criteria in determining eligibility for social welfare services is ADLs, the development of appropriate ADL assessment tools is in an urgent need. Without the accurate assessment on ADLs, particularly on rural as well as the urban elderly, it seems to be hard to achieve effectiveness in the health care policy for the elderly.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.31-40
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• 2012

This study of elderly households living conditions to determine the overall status in the housing environment is to understand. To this end, the stage of elderly as a framework to target living consciousness, living space composition, housing Environment composition of elderly households with a comprehensive understanding and analyzes were employed. For this research is a survey conducted on senior citizens(over 60) in Busan, Korea. The major findings are as followings; In the living consciousness, the elderly households showed high perception of dependency but the age of the elderly increases, depends on the parent to the child. Also depending on the aging of the elderly considered health more important than economic conditions. The requirements for living space composition, most respondents prefer to stay in the same place where they currently reside. Move into the new housing was also identified. It was recognized that elderly households not only required living in co-residential space with their families, but also the necessity for individual space. The home environments composition, health care and social welfare support services appears overall the elderly of stage. The age of the elderly increases, a strong demand for care and support service were identified. Health activities in leisure and social activities and social activities, as age increased mainly done by the convenience of public transportation has been identified that are important.