• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1991

This report describes our 10-year experience with intracardiac repair in 42 patients older than 16 year with tetralogy of Fallot. The mean age was 22.0$\pm$5.18 years[range 16~41]. The preoperative clinical manifestations were cyanosis & clubbing[93%], frequent URI [55%], anoxic spell[40%], pulmonary tuberculosis[21%], tuberculous empyema[7%], chronic renal failure[7%], congestive heart failure[7%] and subacute bacterial endocarditis [2%], etc. The previous shunt procedure for palliation had been performed in 7 patients. The type of VSD were typical perimembranous type[67%], total canal defect[28%] and combined type[5%]. The right ventricular outflow tract obstruction were combined type[69%], infundibular type[21%] and valvular type[10%]. Transannular patch was used in 50% of patients. Associated cardiovascular anomalies were ASD[33%], PFO[31%], Rt. aortic arch[10%], Lt. SVC[10%], single Rt. pulmonary artery, single Lt. coronary artery, ASI, proximal stenosis of Rt. pulmonary artery and anomalous systemic venous return, etc. Hospital mortality was 7.1%[3 cases]in overall. The causes of hospital deaths were revealed low cardiac output & acute renal failure[2 cases], postoperative bleeding[1 case]. There were 2 late deaths 3 & 68 months after surgery. Residual intracardiac shunt was detected in 2 patients. one patient was successfully reoperated and another patient had Qp /Qs ratio less than 1.5.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.294-298
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• 2007

Moyamoya disease is a progressive cerebrovascular disorder with stenosis or occlusion of the bilateral internal carotid arteries with abnormal vascular networks at the base of the brain. Previous reports have shown that there are extracranial vascular involvements in Moyamoya disease, especially in the renal artery. We report a 7-year-old patient with Moyamoya disease associated with renovascular hyper tension, who presented in infancy with seizures and hemiparesis. Renal angiography showed multiple stenoses of the right renal artery. Although renal artery stenosis in Moyamoya disease has been effectively treated with balloon angioplasty, stent implantation, or surgery, bat-loon angioplasty could not be done in this patient due to multiple stenoses. His blood pressure was successfully controlled with medical treatment, and remained normotensive during the follow up period of 6 months.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.312-317
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• 1992

To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of captopril renal scan for renovascular hypertension, we employed the captopril renal scan in conjunction with renal angiography in 81 patients, 159 kidneys, who were referred to evaluate the cause of hypertension. We defined the renovascular hypertension by the criteria of demonstration of renal artery stenosis by angiography, and improvement or cure of hypertension by revascularization. Visual and quantitative evaluation of $^{99m}Tc-DTPA$ renal scan was peformed pre and post captopril administration. The prevalence rate of renovascular hypertension was 40% in comparing with renal angiography, and 70% in confirmed cases. The causes of renovascular hypertension in 81 patients were Takayasu's arteritis, fibromuscular dysplasia, atherosclerosis, essential hypertension, chronic pyetonephritis etc. The sensitivity and specificity of captopril renal scan in comparing with renal angiography were 80%, 86.5%, respectively and also 84.2%, 72.6% in confirmed cases of renovascular hypertension, respectively. The causes of false negative cases were nonfunctioning kidney due to complete obstruction or long duration of disease in basal scan, segmental branch artery stenosis, unknown causes, and suspicious true negative cases without confirmation. The false positive cases were abdominal aortic stenosis or aneurysm, dehydration, unknown causes, and suspicious true positive cases. We conclude that captopril renal scintigraphy is highly sensitive, reasonably specific diagnostic method and comparable to other techniques very favorably.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2001

This study was investigated about the effect of glibenclamide (GLY) which is $K^{+}$ channel blocker on renal function in rabbit, GLY, when given into the vein, produced the diuretic action accompanied with the increases of amounts of N $a^{+}$ and $K^{+}$ excreted into urine ( $E_{Na}$ , $E^{K}$), and then osmolar and negative free water clearances ( $C_{osm}$, $T^{C}$$_{H2O}$), fraction excretory rates of filtered N $a^{+}$ and $K^{+}$ ( $F_{Na}$ , $F_{K}$) and ratios of $E_{K}$ against $E_{Na}$ were augmented. Filtration fraction (FF) were reduced because renal plasma flow (RPF) were not changed but glomerular filtration rates (GFR) were diminished. GLY administered into a renal artery exhibited significant reduction of urine volume along with the decreases of GFR and RPF in only experimented kidney whereas changes of renal function was not observed in control kidney. GLY given intracerebroventricularly exhibited diuretic action along with the increase of $E_{Na}$ , $E_{K}$ and $F_{Na}$ , $F_{K}$ by small dose which was not affect on renal function when it given into the vein. Above results suggest that GLY given into the vein in rabbit produce the diuretic action by inhibition of electrolytes reabsorption in renal tubules through central function. function.n. function.ion.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.269-280
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• 1990

The purpose of the present experiment was to determine the functional subclassification of renal adenosine receptor fer the hemdynamic, excretory and secretory functions in unanesthetized rabbits. Adenosine antagonist, 8-phenyltheophylline (8-PT) or theophylline, was infused into the left renal artery followed by an infusion of adenosine agonist, cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) or 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA). Intrarenal arterial infusion of CHA or NECA caused decreases in urine volume, glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow and excreted amount of electrolytes and renin release in a dose-dependent manner. Dose-response curves in renal function by CHA or NECA was similar and shifted to the right with pretreatment of 8-PT or theophylline. No significant differences in renal response to CHA and NECA in antagonist-treated rabbits were observed. However, the decrease in renin secretion rate was not affected by the adminstration of adenosine antagonists. These results suggest that the renal effect of adenosine receptor agonists appears by way of specific adenosine receptor, but which is not functionally subclassified in the rabbit.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.2533-2539
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• 2014

Aim: To take a deeper insight into the relationship between the root of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) and the autonomic nerve plexuses around it by cadaveric anatomy and explore anatomical evidence of autonomic nerve preservation in high ligation of the IMA in laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer. Methods: Anatomical dissection was performed on 11 formalin-fixed cadavers and 12 fresh cadavers. Anatomical evidence-based autonomic nerve preservation in high ligation of the IMA was performed in 22 laparoscopic curative resections of colorectal cancer. Results: As the upward continuation of the presacral nerves, the bilateral trunks of SHP had close but different relationships with the root of the IMA. The right trunk of SHP ran relatively far away from the root of IMA. When the apical lymph nodes were dissected close to the root of the IMA along the fascia space in front of the anterior renal fascia, the right trunk of SHP could be kept in suit under the anterior renal fascia. The left descending branches to SHP constituted a natural and constant anatomical landmark of the relationship between the root of IMA and the left autonomic nerves. Proximal to this, the left autonomic nerves surrounded the root of the IMA. Distally, the left trunk of the SHP departed from the root of IMA under the anterior renal fascia. When high ligation of the IMA was performed distal to it, the left trunk of SHP could be preserved. The distance between the left descending branches to SHP and the origin of IMA varied widely from 1.3 cm to 2.3 cm. Conclusions: The divergences of the bilateral autonomic nerve preservation around the root of the IMA may contribute to provide anatomical evidence for more precise evaluation of the optimal position of high ligation of the IMA in the future.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.281-291
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• 1990

The $Ca^{2+}-substitutional$ roles of strontium for the contractile processes were investigated in the rabbit renal artery. The contractions induced by either norepinephrine or high $K^+$ in the condition which intra- and extracellular $Ca^{2+}$ were replaced by $Sr^{2+}$, i.e. $Sr^{2+}-mediated$ contractions, were dose-dependent. And then the maximal amplitude of contraction, as compared with $Ca^{2+}-mediated$ contraction, was about 50% in norepinephrine and about 70% in high $K^+$. The $Sr^{2+}-mediated$ contractions were independent in the contraction by norepinephrine $(10^{-5}M)$ but dependent in those by high $K^+(100\;mM)$ on the extracellular $Sr^{2+}$ concentration. Also $Sr^{2+}-mediated$ contractions induced by norepinephrine were observed in the $Sr^{2+}-free$ Tyrode's solution. The $Sr^{2+}-mediated$ contractions induced by either norepinephrine or high $K^+$ were suppressed by verapamil, a $Ca^{2+}-channel$ blocker. By extracellular addition of $Sr^{2+}$, the $Ca^{2+}-mediated$ contractions induced by norepinephrine $(10^{-5}M)$ or 40 mM $K^+$ were inhibited but those by high $K^+(100\;mM)$ were increased. And the $Sr^{2+}-mediated$ contractions were increased by extracellular addition of $Ca^{2+}$ but did not reach the level of $Ca^{2+}-mediated$ contraction. Therfore it is suggested that in the vascular smooth muscle of rabbit renal artery $Sr^{2+}$ could enter the smooth muscle cells easily through the potential-operated calcium channel (POC) but not easily through the receptor-operated calcium channel (ROG), and $Sr^{2+}$ might be stored in the intracellular $Ca^{2+}-binding$ site and released by NE and induced the contraction by a way of activating directly the contractile apparatus.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.5-13
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• 1980

A study on the diuretic action of Siegesbeckiae herba in dogs was made using a clearance technique with ethanol extract. Siegesbeckiae herba ethanol extract (SGEE) administered intravenously in doses 6.0 and 60.0mg/kg elicited diuresis and an increase in sodium and potassium excretion, and it simultaneously produced a decrease in the reabsorption rate of sodium and potassium in renal tubules. Neither renal plasma flow nor glomerular filtration rate changed significantly. SGEE, when infused directly into a renal artery in doses of 0.5 and 1.5mg/kg min, exhibited identical results to the intravenous responses confined only to the infused kidney. The above observations lead to the suggestion that SGEE elicits diuresis in dogs by decreasing the reabsorption rates of sodium and potassium in renal tubles.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.56 no.7
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• pp.304-307
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• 2013

Polyclonal gammopathy represents the diffuse activation of B cells and is usually related to inflammation or immune-related diseases. However, the mechanisms leading to polyclonal gammopathy are essentially speculative. Generally, infectious, inflammatory, or various other reactive processes may be indicated by the presence of a broad-based peak or band in the gamma region on serum protein electrophoresis results. A 15-year-old girl, who had been receiving peritoneal dialysis, presented with polyclonal gammopathy and massive gross hematuria. Renal artery embolization was performed, after which the continuous bleeding subsided and albumin-globulin dissociation resolved. This is a rare case of polyclonal gammopathy related to renal bleeding.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.371-374
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• 2015

We present a rare case of a patient with aortoiliac occlusive disease on the background of type A crossed renal ectopia, for whom open surgical intervention was required. Aortic exposure in patients with concomitant crossed renal ectopia can present technical challenges to the vascular surgeon. The knowledge of variations in the ectopic renal blood supply is of paramount importance when performing surgery to treat this condition and affects the choice of surgical exposure. We present and discuss the operative details of our patient and outline an approach to this subset of patients.