• 물과 미래
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.477-486
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• 1990

지하수 오염처리에 관한 문제는 수공학 이외에도 지질학, 화학, 독극물학 등의 전문지식이 요구된다는 점에서 Expert System(이하 ES)가 설계되기에 이상적인 환경을 지니고 있는 분야이다. 본 연구의 목적은 오염물질로 오염된 지하수의 처리에 대한 조언과 그것에 대한 추적을 위한 소프트웨어의 개발에 있다. Prolog 언어를 사용하여 개발된 이 프로그램은 현장 실무자에게 독극성의 정도와 화학반응의 축연성, 특정지점의 농도계산을 통하여 현 상황에 대한 심각성의 정도와 대응책을 조언하게 된다.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 학술발표 논문집
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• pp.65-68
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• 2001

Short shot is a molded part that is incomplete since insufficient material was injected into the mold. Remedial actions to solve short shot can be done by injection molding experts based on their empirical knowledge. Modifying mold and part, changing resin to less viscous one, and adjusting process conditions are general remedies. Experts of injection molding might try to adjust process conditions such as mold temperature, melt temperature, injection time based on their empirical knowledge as the first remedy because adjustment of process conditions is the most economic way in time and cost. However it is difficult to find appropriate process conditions as they are highly coupled and there are so many elements to be considered. In this paper, a fuzzy logic algorithm has been proposed to find an appropriate mold temperature. With the percentage of the insufficient Quantity of an injection molded part, an appropriate mold temperature can be obtained by the fuzzy logic algorithm.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.105-117
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• 2015

The groundwater is a very important part of the environment and must be protected for the benefit of the present and future generation. The contamination of soil and groundwater by chemicals has become an increasing concern in the recent past. These chemicals enter the groundwater system by a wide variety of mechanisms, including accidental spills, land disposal of domestic and industrial wastes and application of agricultural fertilizers. Once introduced into an aquifer, these contaminants will be transported by flowing groundwater and may degrade water quality at nearby wells and streams. For improving the management and protection of groundwater resources, it is important to first understand the various processes that control the transport of contaminants in groundwater. Predictions of the fate of groundwater contaminants can be made to assess the effect of these chemicals on local water resources and to evaluate the effectiveness of remedial actions. In this study, an attempt has been made to investigate the behaviour of solute transport through porous media using laboratory experiments. Sodium chloride was used as a conservative chemical in the experiment. During the experiment, pulse boundary condition and continuous boundary conditions were used. Experimental results have been presented for conservative solute transport in the sand. The pattern of the break through curve remains almost same in all the cases of varying flow rate and initial concentration of conservative chemical.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.49-52
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• 2002

Short shot is a molded part that is incomplete since insufficient material was injected into the mold. Remedial actions to solve short shot can be dune by injection molding experts based on their empirical knowledge. Modifying mold and part, changing resin to less viscous one, and adjusting process conditions are general remedies. Experts of injection molding might try to adjust process conditions such as mold temperature, melt temperature, injection time based on their empirical knowledge as the first remedy because adjustment of process conditions is the most economic way in time and cost. However it is difficult to find appropriate process conditions as they are highly coupled and there are so many elements to be considered. In this paper, a fuzzy logic algorithm has been proposed to find an appropriate mold temperature. With the percentage of the insufficient quantity of an injection molded part, an appropriate mold temperature can be obtained by the fuzzy logic algorithm.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 녹색정화를 국내에 적용할 때 고려해야 할 핵심요소 중 가장 중요한 부문인 에너지사용량 최소화 방안을 다루고자 하였다. 우선적으로 국내 정화사업 사례조사를 통해 어떤 정화공법이 상대적으로 에너지 소모가 많은 지를 조사한 결과, 열탈착법과 양수-처리법이 포함된 지중처리방식이 에너지 소모량이 크고 토양세척법의 경우 상대적으로 소모량이 적다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 정화조치시 에너지를 효율적으로 사용하고 화석연료 소비를 최소화하기 위해서는 i) 정화시설의 에너지 사용 최적화, ii) 에너지 저소비 정화공법의 적용, iii) 재생에너지의 사용 등이 필요하다고 판단되었다. 그리고 녹색정화를 위해 재생에너지를 사용할 경우 경제적 유인제도(보조금 지급 등)와 같은 정책을 적극적으로 적용할 필요가 있다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.53-78
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• 2009

To catch the message of Taoism inside the theory of Korean medicine, we have to understand the contents of Tao Te Ching(道德經) the only writings of Lao-tzu(老子). And to do that, precise translation into Korean language must be held before anything else. There have been a little bit more than 50 Korean versions of Tao-te-Ching, and we screened out 10 versions based on academic value. With them, we had a study on the translation of Tao Te Ching, from chapter 1 to 20. Our study found that the existing 10 versions have some obscure words, wrong paragraph classifications, descriptions out of context needing remedial actions for exact understanding. And Chinese words and phrases with various meanings could be translated correctly with our constant rule that values consistent context.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.123-133
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• 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the restaurant business adversely. The restaurant business is essential for Thailand's economy as it generates high income and a high employment rate. This study aimed to determine the relationships between restaurant businesses. Furthermore, it examined the problems encountered during COVID-19 and measures already implemented and planned. The research is intended to resolve these issues. We collected data from 136 people who worked in restaurants in Bangkok, Thailand, via telephone interviews. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and correspondence analysis using SPSS. The findings of this analysis indicate that all restaurants, irrespective of their size, face problems, though their planned and remedial actions are different. One finding was that medium restaurants face more financial problems and increased costs than others. They are countering this challenge through measures such as applying for loans and transitioning into a "non-restaurant" business. Nevertheless, typical medium restaurants have not engaged in extensive planning for the future. Based on a fact-finding survey, we considered appropriate short- and long-term measures suitable for micro, small and medium restaurants. In addition, our study's findings will help policymakers and practitioners identify strategies for responding to the COVID-19 outbreak and other future crises.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.131-140
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• 2023

Network security situational awareness systems helps in better managing the security concerns of a network, by monitoring for any anomalies in the network connections and recommending remedial actions upon detecting an attack. An Intrusion Detection System helps in identifying the security concerns of a network, by monitoring for any anomalies in the network connections. We have proposed a CRF based IDS system using genetic search feature selection algorithm for network security situational awareness to detect any anomalies in the network. The conditional random fields being discriminative models are capable of directly modeling the conditional probabilities rather than joint probabilities there by achieving better classification accuracy. The genetic search feature selection algorithm is capable of identifying the optimal subset among the features based on the best population of features associated with the target class. The proposed system, when trained and tested on the bench mark NSL-KDD dataset exhibited higher accuracy in identifying an attack and also classifying the attack category.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(2)
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• pp.1189-1192
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• 2005

Due to their slow degradation properties, hydrophobic organic contaminants in estuarine sediment have been a concern for risks to human health and aquatic organisms. Studies of fate and transport of these contaminants in estuaries are further complicated by the fact that hydrodynamics and sediment transport processes in these regions are complex, involving processes with various temporal and spatial scales. In order to simulate and quantify long-term attenuation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in the Elizabeth River, VA, we develop a modeling approach, which employs the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's water quality model, WASP, and encompasses key physical and chemical processes that govern long-term fate and transport of PAHs in the river. In this box-model configuration, freshwater inflows mix with ocean saline water and tidally averaged dispersion coefficients are obtained by calibration using measured salinity data. Sediment core field data is used to estimate the net deposition/erosion rate, treating only either the gross resuspension or deposition rate as the calibration parameter. Once calibrated, the model simulates fate and transport PAHs following the loading input to the river in 1967, nearly 4 decades ago. Sediment PAH concentrations are simulated over 1967-2022 and model results for Year 2002 are compared with field data measured at various locations of the river during that year. Sediment concentrations for Year 2012 and 2022 are also projected for various remedial actions. Since all the model parameters are based on empirical field data, model predictions should reflect responses based on the assumptions that have been governing the fate and sediment transport for the past decades.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2002년도 춘계 국제 학술대회
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• pp.91-99
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• 2002

A recent survey investigated that there were over one thousand un-controlled closed landfills(1,072 sites) in Republic of Korea. Most of these landfills were constructed before 1986. Waste management act were not promulgated at that time, so they usually do not have dranage system and leachate treatment facility. Also, considerable attention has been received to landfill leachate pollution, leachate has an adverse impact on the surrounding environment such as soil, groundwater, and water supply source. According to the result of survey for closed landfill management, it was reported that 875 sites out of 1,072sites(81.6％) have no leachate treatment facility and 630 sites out of 1,072sites(58.7％) have been used for farm lands and residence. Consequently it is hard to do postclosure care continuously in most of cases and these uncontrolled landfills have contaminated farm lands and residence. The average age of these landfills are ranged mostly between 2 to 15 years. Much time and advanced technology are needed to remediate these uncontrolled landfills, therefore the survey for present status of closed landfill sites is required and suitable treatment processes should be prepared. With this point of view, We has been investigated to find out the present status of closed landfill, problems of post management and discussed plans for remediation and reuse. Remedial actions of un-controlled landfill have been carried out the many cities since 1997 upto now. Most frequently applied technology were reuse after excavation and there were several cases to capping in the surface of landfill and to construct subsurface barriers. It is considered that landfills in use have a possibility not to be controlled because of inadequate construction and improper management. Therefore remediation of uncontrolled landfills and recovery technology should be develop continuously Especially, it has been expected that resource technology of landfill gas as a energy has some advantages in controlling odors in the site area and accelerating stabilization of landfills with the energy.