• 보존과학연구
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• s.33
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• pp.19-32
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• 2012

Paper relics, which are made of natural ingredients, are more likely to be damaged by a compendium of complicated causes (e.g., physical, chemical, and biological causes) rather than by a sole cause. In December 2009, Culture Heritage Conservation Science Center discovered several damages in paper relics related to Chungmugong Yi Sunsin, and requested for conservation treatment from the Hyeonchungsa Shrine office. By conducting a comprehensive research to determine the damage level of each artifact, the center was able to establish a proper conservation method, and for two years after its completion of such research in 2010, it has been conducting treatment. This study suggests the proper ways to select adequate conservation treatment based on the type of paper relics - Documents and Books - through the case of artifacts related to Chungmugong Yi, Sunsin. Even though the conservation treatment on paper relics can suppress damaging speed and prevent another damages, it is impossible to stop aging process of relics. Therefore regular inspection is essential for prevent second damage.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.41-56
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• 2018

The purposes of this study were to investigate preference of Baekje culture relics and to examine purchasing behaviors of fashion cultural products of adolescents. The subjects were 421 adolescents and measuring instruments consisted of Baekje relics preference items, fashion cultural products purchasing behaviors items, and subject' demographic attributions. The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, $x^2$ test, factor analysis, t-test, ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test using SPSS program. The results were as follows. First, adolescents were more likely to prefer crown ornaments of the King Muryong in Kongju region, and gilt-bronze incense burner and halo in Buyeo region. Second, as fashion cultural products, adolescents were more likely to prefer T-shirts and accessory items, and modern image. As product selection criteria, they considered aesthetics as the most important factor, followed by symbolism and practicality. Adolescents evaluated the resonable purchase price of fashion cultural products as less than 20,000 won for T-shirts, cap & bag, and less than 10,000 won for accessories. The adolescent's satisfaction of fashion cultural products was low, and the main dissatisfaction was high prices, and the lack of practicality and diversity. Third, the preference for Baekje cultural relics and purchasing behaviors of fashion cultural products differed according to age and sex of adolescents. This study showed that fashion culture products for adolescents need to be designed in a modern sense with a unique cultural symbolism, focusing on T-shirts and accessories items. In addition, fashion cultural products companies should established the product development plan considering the characteristics according to the age and sex of adolescents.

• 지역과문화
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.79-105
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• 2019

In the Geumseongsan Tumulus of the Uiseong area where the Jomunguk was existed in the Three Han Period, many relics such as metal craft ornaments and Uiseong-style earthernware were excavated. However, it is hard to find cases where the excavated relics were used to develop cultural products. In this study, symbolic relics which can express the culture of Uiseong Jomunguk were selected from excavated relics. Then, the basic design that can be applied to various cultural products were derived from symbolic relics. In order to select symbolic relics, the formative characteristics of the metal craft relics excavated from the Tablili Tumulus and the Dali Tumulus were examined. As a result, a gilt-bronze crown excavated from the Tablili Tumulus was selected as a symbolic relics. And then the basic desin was derived from the gilt-bronze crown. The basic design is expressed in the form of birds based on the bird's feather shape at the edge of the standing ornaments and the record of the Bongdae(鳳臺), the phoenix's habitat. And the application design that changed the expression of the birds' face was presented. The earthenware excavated from the Uiseong area was designed as a soil pot and applied various indoor air purification plants. The result of this study, which reinterprets and reconstructs the historical and cultural resources of the region in accordance with the modern sense, can be used as useful data for the development of cultural products of Jomunguk. Furthermore, if the design derived from the Jomunguk relics is used as a representative symbol of the area, it will be possible to derive an image of a differentiated region from other regions. Finally, it is expected that the result of this study will be a chance to re-evaluate the value of the historical and cultural resources in the region.

• KSCI Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for recovering the broken letters of relics into an original form by using Z-map and image processing. The letters of relics may have been broken by a lot of rubbed copy and a long time and tide. They need to be restored. But the manual reconstruction is a very tedious and laborious task. Thus, it is necessary to automate the restoration process. This paper presents a realistic algorithm with an application to Tripitaka Koreana by using Z-map and morphological filter.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.44.2-44.2
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• 2012

Cosmological shock waves result from supersonic flow motions induced by hierarchical clustering during the large-scale structure formation in the Universe. Suprathermal particles are known to be produced via plasma interactions at collisionless shocks in tenuous plasmas and they can be further accelerated to become cosmic rays (CRs) via diffusive shock acceleration (DSA). The presence of CR electrons has been inferred from observations of diffuse radio halos and relics in some merging galaxy clusters. We have calculated the emissions from CR electrons accelerated at weak planar shocks, using time-dependent DSA simulations that include energy losses via synchrotron emission and Inverse Compton scattering. The simulated nonthermal emission are used to model the synchrotron emission from several observed radio relics.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.36.4-37
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• 2017

Although most of observed properties of giant radio relics detected in the outskirts of galaxy clusters could be explained by relativistic electrons accelerated at merger-driven shocks, a few significant puzzles remain. In some relics the shock Mach number inferred from X-ray observations is smaller than that estimated from radio spectral index. Such a discrepancy could be understood, if either the shock Mach number is nder-estimated in X-ray observation due to projection effects, or if pre-existing electrons with a flat spectrum are re-accelerated by a weak shock, retaining the flat spectral form. In this study, we explore these two scenarios by comparing the results of shock acceleration simulations with observed features of the so-called Toothbrush relic in the merging cluster 1RXS J060303.3. We find that both models could reproduce reasonably well the observed radio flux and spectral index profiles and the integrated radio spectrum. Either way, the broad transverse relic profile requires additional post shock electron acceleration by downstream turbulence.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.459-469
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate the Myokmok, a kind of shroud. This study classifies Myokmok by its size, shape, cloths and color. Korean Myokmok through literatures are as follows. The size of Myokmok was one Ch'ok(尺) two Ch'on(寸). The surface of Myokmok were mostly black and the lining was mostly red. The cloths of Myokmok were Paek(帛) and Chu(紬). Myokmok through relics was various in size and the cloths were Kongdan(貢緞), Myongchu(明紬) and the color was various. Actual conditions of current Myokmok were various. The size, shape and cloths were more variable than the literatures and relics. In the Chinese Myokmok through literatures, the size were one Ch'ok two Ch'on, one Ch'ok and one Ch'ok five Ch'on. The cloths of Myokmok were Paek and Kyon(絹). The surface of Myokmok were mostly black and the lining was mostly red. Myokmok in Munkonggaryoieuichul was tide by the strings of four corners. The size of the Chinese Myokmok was various. The shape of the current Myokmok was various than the literatures and relics.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.139-149
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• 2008

We propose expert system for restoration the original character form of ancient relics based on image processing and computer graphics. Letters engraved in relief like relics and intaglio like curved tombstones and letters engraved in plane or curved part of cultural asset may have been broken by a lot of rubbed copy, a long time and tide. In this paper, we suggest a new method for extracting and recovering the broken letters of cultural asset into an original form by using Z-map, morphological filter, and high frequency filter. Based on the suggested method. we develop the character recovering system.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.541-552
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• 2017

All excavated "buried cultural properties" are supervised by the Cultural Heritage Administration that decides whether to conserve them or not, depending on the necessity for conservation. Currently, there is no legal regulation concerning the administration of relics (including artifacts) and remains (including archaeological sites) that are relocated and restored based on such conservation decisions. Thus, administration of these cultural properties is inadequate. Under these circumstances, this paper recommends the current state of conservation and conservation methods for buried cultural properties excavated at Chungcheongnam-do thus far. Conservation of buried cultural properties excavated at Chungcheongnam-do primarily employ the "relocating and restoration" method; 23 relics and 46 remains employed relocation after dismantling and soil layer transcription method. Moreover, 27 remains were relocated after dismantling and 14 remains employed the transcription method. In terms of area, Buyeo-gun and Gongju-si had 12 relics accounting for about 50%, while according to the period, Baekjae period had 16 relics, accounting for about 70%. In terms of conservation facility, open-air facility had 33 relics, accounting for about 72%. Results of investigating the state of relics' management indicated that public institutions like a museum with a recognizable management system had their own work force and consequently ensured excellent conservation, whereas if there were no apparent responsible bodies, remains were subjected to considerable damage due to mismanagement. Therefore, this problem can be resolved by identifying a recognizable management body as well as ensuring periodical management and supervision. The excavated buried cultural properties are utilized not only for academic purposes, but also for PR or as exhibition material. Hence, this study confirms that meticulous management of buried cultural properties is currently required.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.78-89
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• 2013

For safe conservation treatment of damaged accessory relics that were unearthed, the quality of the material should be accurately identified through a nondestructive analysis and failure analysis. This study provides the basic conservational scientific data regarding material analyses and conservation treatment that were conducted for 11 relics, including amber and agate that were discovered during the repair of Geumsansa Temple's Hall of Maitreya Buddha and Left Attendant Buddhas in June 2008. An ultraviolet analysis, SEM-EDS analysis and FT-IR microscope analysis revealed that the physical and chemical characteristics of the 11 relics are the same as those of amber. It is inferred that the cracks and exfoliation of the surface of most amber relics is attributable to darkening of the color due to C=C bond oxidation. It is also assumed that cracks and exfoliation occurred from the weathered layer on the amber surface. As such, it is appropriate to engage in conservation treatment of the damaged amber relics by using $Paraloid^{(R)}$ B67 reinforcing agent that is diluted in nonpolar solvent. The greatest care is needed for future handling of organic artifacts.