• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.92-98
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• 1998

Nonlinear finite element analyses of one dimensional consolidation problem were performed using an anisotropic hardening constitutive model. For the analyses, the anisotropic hardening elasto-plastic constitutive model based on the generalized isotropic hardening(GIH) rule was implemented into a nonlinear finite element analysis program, PLASTIC. In order to preserve the accuracy of the finite element solution for nonlinear problems, an implicit stress integration algorithm was employed. A consistent tangent moduli could also ensure the quadratic convergence of Newton's method. As a result, the nonlinear solution was accurately calculated and was converged to be asymptotically quadratic. In a consolidation problem, the relationship between load and settlement and between settlement and time vertical was analyzed comparing with results using the Cam-clay type model and the final consolidation settlement and the duration of primary consolidation could be evaluated rigorously using the GIH constitutive model.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.35-49
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between mothers' marital adjustment and children's social adjustment in commuter couples. The subjects of this study were 96 mother-child dyads. The children were first to sixth grade in the elementary schools. For data analyses, one-way ANOVAs, Scheffe Test for pairwise comparison, Pearson's Correlation were used. Results indicated that there were significant differences in mothers' marital adjustment in terms of the duration of commuting, the number of children, the frequency of fathers' visit and frequency of making a call. And, there was significant difference in children's adaptation in terms of the frequency of fathers' visit. Also, there were significant positive correlations between mothers' marital adjustment subscales and children's social adjustment subscales in commuter couples.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2003

Objectives : This study was to investigate the relationship analysis in VDT(visual display terminal) of work hours. Methods : Questionnaires were completed by 41 women in VDT operations. The information was used to estimate multiple regression for the VDT of work hours related factors association. Results : The prevalence of the VDT of work hours was significantly higher in the shoulder which followed by the neck, the hand and fingers, the arms, the lowback, the back. The VDT of work hours decreased with aging. The VDT of work hours increased with work duration, single, lower among habitual exercise. The desk height, the seat pan height, the posture on the sitting, the elbow angle all did not meet the recommended criteria. Conclusions : Data from this study support a statistically significant association with satisfaction for occupation.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.219-241
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• 1994

This paper presents the results of an empirical study on the relationship between the type of new product idea sources and the rate of success of new product development and commercialization in Korean industries. The sample was taken from various Korean industries including telecommunication, electronics, chemical, machinery, textile, etc. and composed of 45 failure and 73 success cases. The findings are not much different from those of previous studies done in the developed countries, but show some typical characteristics of new product development activities and the idea sources, information acquisition methods, type of information , incentives for idea generation, etc. of the firms in developing country like Korea. Especially the survival rate curve and the accumulative investment curve from the idea generation to commercialization phase show a little different behavior from the previous study, which also reflect the manpower, duration of each phase of the new product development process in the Korean firms.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 2000

A study was conducted to examine the relationship between abiotic factors and the population of white-fly (Dialeuropora decempuncta) in mulberry field. The study reveals that relationship between abiotic factors and the whitefly population is very much existent like other pests in other agricultural crops. Duration and time of distinct occurrence of whitefly in mulberry is influenced by the abiotic conditions of field. Abiotic parameters of previous month are more important in influencing the intensity of the pest than the current abiotic factors. Not all the abiotic factors are equally important but factors like minimum temperature, fluctuation in temperature during the days minimum relative humidity, fluctuation in relative humidity and rainfall are the major important lactors in influencing the intensity of the pest under consideration.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.1124-1128
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• 2005

The duration of a construction project is not only a key element for taking a new order, but also a strict yardstick to determine certain project successful or not. However, since construction project is basically outdoor job and most of the activities are proceeded out-air, no matter how the schedule plan has been established accurately, actual project proceeds due to the weather condition, beyond anyone's control. In this paper, the functional relationship between work productivity rate and weather elements is suggested by regression analysis. Difference of the relationship and influence of weather due to the seasonal group are also revealed. With these results, by simulating actual weather data and generating weather forecast through historical data, more accurate schedule would be obtained.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.842-851
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• 1998

Development and growth of Acartia steueri from Ilkwang Bay, southeastern coast of Korea, were determined under various temperatures and food condition (Isochrysis galbana and Dunaliella salina) in the laboratory. Relationship between egg hatching time ($D_E$, day) and temperature (T, $^{\circ}C$) was $D_E=744(T+3.5)^{-1.97}$. Mean hatching success was $88.4\%$ in temperature range of $8.4\~26.2^{\circ}C$. This suggests that A. steueri may be adapted to the temperature ranges in temperate regions. Post-embryonic development pattern was equiproportional rather than isochronal, with longer stage duration of copepodites than that of the nauplii. Stage duration of NI was the shortest of all developmental stages, while the duration of NII was the longest in duration of the other nauplii. Male was morphologically distinguished from female in CIV stage, and male was developed faster than female. Median development time at a given temperature was calculated from the Belehradek equation by proper multiplication of proportional constant for embryonic development. Body carbon weight at $19.1^{\circ}C$ was increased exponentially with time. Mean specific growth rate of nauplii (0.200 $d^{-1}$), except for NI stage, was not significantly different from that of copepodites (0.190 $d^{-1}$), with the lowest rate in NVI stage (0.107 $d^{-1}$), probably due to energy consumption for metamorphosis rather than somatic growth. The results suggest that although the development pattern determined in this study was not identical with Uye's result for A. steueri (e.g. Uye, 1980b), median development time may be applicable to calculate the stage duration of A. steueri in this study area.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.147-154
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• 2006

Purpose: To analyze the effectiveness of the treatment with the stretching exercise in the patients with iliotibial band (ITB) friction syndrome. Materials and Methods: 22 patients with ITB friction syndrome were treated with the stretching exercise of the ITB. The criterion for determining the good result is more than 75% recovery according to the classification of success of treatment. We analyzed the differences of the duration of treatment at which the good result it achieved according to sincerity of the stretching exercise. The sincerity of the exercise is defined at performing more than 50% of the exercise that we prescribed. Results: Of 22 patients, there were good results in 19 cases (87%) within 8 weeks after the treatment. Except for 3 cases who did not achieved good results, the average duration of the treatment is 28.1 days. In patients with good results there was no statistical significance for the relationship between the duration of symptoms before diagnosis (average 25.6 days) and the duration of the treatment (average 28.1 days). In comparison with the group who performed the exercise sincerely and the group who did not, the average duration of the treatment if 23 days and 32.7 days respectively and there was significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The stretching exercise in ITB friction syndrome was helpful in reducing the duration of treatment.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.189-200
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• 2017

The work breakdown structure and the precedence relations by work activity are very important because they are the basic data for estimating the construction duration in the construction work. However, there is no standard to accurately estimate the construction duration since the size of the school facilities construction is smaller than the general construction work. Therefore, some schools are unable to open in March or September and the delay of the construction duration can cause damage to the students. To solve this problem, this study developed a work breakdown structure of school facilities construction work and analyzed the precedence relations by work activities. The work breakdown structure of the school facilities construction is composed of three steps. The operations corresponding to level 1 and level 2 are as follows. (1) 2 preparatory work categories; preparation period and temporary construction. (2) 17 architectural work categories; temporary construction, foundation & pile work, reinforced concrete work, steel roof work, brick work, plaster work, tile work, stone work, waterproof construction, wood work, interior construction, floor work, metal work, roof work, windows construction, glazing work and paint construction. (3) 7 mechanic and fire work categories; outside trunk line work, plumbing work, air-conditioning equipment work, machine room work, city gas plumbing work, sanitation facilities and inspection & test working. (4) 4 civil work categories; wastewater work, drainage work, pavement work and other work. (5) 1 landscaping work categories; planting work. The work breakdown structure was derived from interviews with experts based on the milestones and detailed statements of existing school facilities. The analysis of precedence relations by school facilities work activity utilized PDM(Precedence Diagramming Method)which does not need a dummy and the relations were applied using FS(Finish to Start), FF(Finish to Finish), SS(Start to Start), SF(Start to Finish). The analysis of this study shows that if one work activity is delayed, the entire construction duration may be delayed because the majority of the works are FS relations. Therefore, it is necessary to use the Lag at the appropriate time to estimate the standard construction duration of the school facility construction. Lag is a term used only in the PDM method and it is used to define the relationship between the predecessor and the successor in creating the network milestone. And it means the delay time applied to the two work activities. The results of this study can reasonably estimate the standard construction duration of school facilities and it will contribute to the quality of the school facilities construction.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.103-117
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• 2021

Nuts are cholesterol free with high poly-unsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) and have lower intakes of sodium than non-consumers, and thus they can decrease blood pressure. Hypertension is a common primary diagnosis in Korea. Because of extending exposure to 24-hour raised blood pressure and heart rate hypertension is likely to be caused by prolonged short sleep durations. This study examined the relationship between nut consumption and hypertension according to sleep duration among Korean adult. Based on data from the 2010-2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES), the final analytic sample(n=25,359) was used for current analysis. The dietary intake was assessed through a 24-hour recall method. Associations of nut consumption with sleep duration and hypertension were determined using multiple logistic regression with odds ratio(95% CI). All the analyses were carried out in SAS version 9.4, and the significance level was set at p<0.05. With increasing nut intake, the prevalence of hypertension significantly decreased(p for trend=0.02). After controlling for sleep duration, the nut consumption showed significant association with the prevalence of hypertension when sleep duration was 6 to 6.9 h per day(p for trend=0.03) or 7 to 7.9 h per day(p for trend=0.03). In conclusion, dietary total nut intake was found to be significantly associated with the prevalence of hypertension.