• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.103-113
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• 2009

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of HCB on the bone mass and its related factors in estrogen-deficient animal model. The model rats of osteoporosis showed a significant decrease in bone density, bone ash density, calcium content of femur bone. At the 14th day after ovariectomy-surgery, rats were administered with HCB, extract of Houyttnia cordata, per orally, and continued for 10 weeks. And osteoporosis related parameters were determined to investigate the effect of HCB. Osteoporotic rats showed lower serum estrogen level, higher body weight than normal rats, and showed atrophy of uterine horns.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37A권12호
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• pp.1038-1042
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• 2012

이 논문에서는 편이된 확률밀도함수 간 거리 측정이라는 새로운 거리 측정 기준을 제안하고 이에 관련된 등화 알고리듬을 도출하여 충격성 잡음과 시변 직류 잡음이 있는 다경로 채널에 적용하였다. 이러한 비 가우시안 잡음 환경에서 시행한 시뮬레이션의 결과로부터, 제안한 알고리듬이 충격성 잡음에 강인성을 보일 뿐 아니라 시변 직류 잡음도 제거하는 탁월한 능력을 가짐을 입증하였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2012

Sand is one of the essential materials used for social infrastructure construction such as embankment, landfill and backfill. It was known that mechanical properties and shear strength of sand are closely related to relative density. Therefore it is very important to determine accurate relative density. In this study, Portable Cone Penetration Tester (PCPT) was used to estimate the relative density and the internal friction angle of sand. PCPT cone-tip resistance ($q_c$) was measured changing the relative density of the two soil samples.Standard sand (JMJ) and Busan sand (BS). Also, a direct shear test was performed to investigate relationship between relative density and internal friction angle. The size and shape of soil particles were confirmed by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). As a result, the log value of $q_c$ was linearly correlated with relative density and internal friction angle. In particular, the internal friction angle of BS sample was greater than that of JMJ, which was due to difference of the shape and mean size of particles. This result shows that it is important to determine the shape and size of particles as well as relative density to define mechanical property of sand. Through this study, it can be more effectively and conveniently to investigate relative density and shear strength of sand by using PCPT in situ.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.147-152
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• 1989

The statistical characteristics of three year old American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium 1.) root yields from Lytton, British Columbia, Canada are presented. Ginseng root yield is related to plant density, with the highest yields generally obtained from the sites with the highest plant densities. However, these higher yields are made up of a larger proportion of smaller roots while the proportion of larger roots remains almost constant throughout the range of plant densities sampled. Further, it is suggested that relatively small samples can provide significant insight into crop performance and growth.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.600-603
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• 2000

DNA chip containing 207 E. coli genes related to important metabolisms such as (TCA cycle, glycolysis, fermentation and etc) were used to carry out a comprehensive investigation of the change in metabolism and physiology during high cell density culture of E. coli by fed-batch cultivation.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.77-87
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• 2018

교통밀도는 교통수요와 가장 직접적인 관계가 있으므로 거시적인 지표 중에서 가장 중요하다고 알려져 있으며(Traffic Engineering, 2004), 특정시각 주어진 거리 안의 존재하는 차량의 대수로 정의한다. 하지만, 밀도는 기상과 도로조건 및 비용 상의 문제로 인하여 현장에서 직접 수집이 어렵다. 이런 이유로 속도와 교통량보다 상대적으로 연구가 활발하게 이루어지지는 않아 수집방법에 관한 다양한 시도뿐만 아니라 측정된 값의 정확도에 관한 연구가 많이 부족하다. 이에 본 논문에서는 밀도를 측정할 수 있는 방법으로 여러 대의 카메라 영상을 정합(synthesis)하는 기술을 활용하였다. 이러한 밀도수집시스템으로 수집한 밀도를 정의에 기반한 참값으로 선정하고, 이 값을 전통적인 측정방법들로 산출한 밀도와 비교하였다. 비교결과, 관계식(fundamental equation)을 이용한 산출방법으로 산출한 밀도 값이 참값과 비교하여 RMSE(Root Mean Square Error)가 1.8-2.5로 가장 참값에 가깝다. 또한 향후 밀도를 직접 수집할 때 유의하여할 수집 간격 등의 간과하기 쉬운 이슈사항을 순간밀도와 평균밀도를 산출하여 알아보았다. 실험 사이트의 실제 교통상황은 LOS B임에도 불구하고, 초 당 순간밀도는 최대(16veh/km)에서 최소 2(veh/km)의 값이 다양하게 관측되어 교통상황의 판단이 어려웠다. 하지만 30초 간격으로 15분 평균밀도는 8.3-7.9(veh/km)로 정확하게 LOS B를 판단하였다.

• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2005년도 ISMP
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• pp.67-88
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• 2005

Mold-Flow 3 Die Stack CSP of Mold array packaging with different Gate types. As high density package option such as 3 or 4 die stacking technologies are developed, the major concerning points of mold related qualities such as incomplete mold, exposed wires and wire sweeping issues are increased because of its narrow space between die top and mold surface and higher wiring density. Full 3D rheokinetic simulation of Mold flow for 3 die stacking structure case was done with the rheological parameters acquired from Slit-Die rheometer and DSC of commercial EMC. The center gate showed severe void but corner gate showed relatively better void performance. But in case of wire sweeping related, the center gate type showed less wire sweeping than corner gate types. From the simulation results, corner gate types showed increased velocity, shear stress and mold pressure near the gate and final filling zone. The experimental Case study and the Mold flow simulation showed good agreement on the mold void and wire sweeping related prediction. Full 3D simulation methodologies with proper rheokinetic material characterization by thermal and rheological instruments enable the prediction of micro-scale mold filling behavior in the multi die stacking and other complicated packaging structures for the future application.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.177-189
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate bone mineral density (BMD) and risk factors related to osteopenia in community people. Methods: The subjects consisted of 145 community people. The variables of osteoporosis knowledge and preventive health promoting behavior were measured using questionnaires. BMD and BMI (body mass index) were measured. Dietary nutrients intake related to osteoporosis was measured using 24hours recall. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 18.0 program, using mean, standard deviation, ${\chi}^2-test$, t-test, and logistic regression. Results: Eighty six people (59.3%) had an osteopenia. According to normal group and osteopenia group, there was significant difference in gender (${\chi}^2=6.72$, p=.010) and smoking (${\chi}^2=5.18$, p=.023). Predictors of osteopenia group were male (OR=2.65, CI=1.03-8.98), BMI(OR=0.86, CI=0.72-0.96). Conclusion: Health care providers must consider factors that affect osteopenia such as gender, BMI. These results suggest the need to instruct nursing activities and interventions which are beneficial for prevention of osteoporosis.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2005

본 연구는 중년남성 10명을 대상으로 준비운동, 저항운동, 수중운동 그리고 정리운동 순으로 구성된 복합운동프로그램을 1일 60분씩 주 4회의 빈도로 12주간 실시하여 대상자들의 실험전과 후의 변인들을 비교, 분석한 결과 신체구성 성분인 체지방율, 제지방량, 신체질량지수는 각각 유의하게 감소(p<.01)하였으며, 건강관련 체력은 근력, 근지구력, 유연성에서 유의하게 증가(p<.01)하였다. 또한, 혈중지질의 경우 총 콜레스테롤, 저밀도지단백콜레스테롤, 중성지방은 유의하게 감소(p<.01)하였으며, 고밀도지단백콜레스테롤은 유의하게 증가(p<.05)하였다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.244-253
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• 2012

Bone mineral density (BMD) is used in the clinical diagnosis of osteoporosis and the assessment of fracture risk. Osteoporosis, characterized mainly by decreased BMD, is a highly heritable complex disorder and a major public health concern to hundreds of millions of elderly persons worldwide. However, the specific genetic variants determining risk for low bone density are still largely unknown. Here, we performed association analysis to elucidate the possible relations of genetic polymorphisms in ESR1 gene with low bone density. By examining genotype data of a total of 1813 women in the Korean Association REsource (KARE) study, we discovered the ESR1 gene polymorphisms are associated with decreased BMD and osteoporosis. The results on the BD-RT (bone density estimated by T-score at distal radius), three SNPs (rs2248586, rs9371557, and rs1569788) within the ESR1 gene were significantly associated with bone density. The results on the BD-TT (bone density estimated by T-score at midshaft tibia), five SNPs (rs9371552, rs2248586, rs712221, rs7772475, and rs3798577) were significantly associated with bone density. The SNP rs2248586 within the ESR1 gene had commonly significance in both BD-RT (${\beta}$=-0.151, dominant P=0.049) and BD-TT (${\beta}$=-0.156, dominant P=0.039). In the SNP rs2248586, their ${\beta}$-values in BD-RT and/or BD-TT showed consistent trends with the odds ratios (ORs) of osteoporosis. In summary, we found statistically significant SNPs in ESR1 gene that are associated with both decreased BMD and osteoporosis traits. Therefore, our findings suggest ESR1 gene could be related to pathogenesis of osteoporosis.