• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

Smoking has become one of the public health harzard affecting the world. In the UK, smoking is responsible for around one in five deaths. The illnesses caused by smoking extend beyond the well-reported links with cancer, heart disease and respiratory illnesses. Hence the research to determine the awareness of the predisposing factor to smoking among adults in sokoto metropolis. A cross-sectional form of descriptive survey research design was used for this study. This is because descriptive studies are used when the characteristics of a population are either unknown or partially known (Hennekens & Buring, 2007), and it was used by Ganley and Rosario (2013) in a related research this justified the use of similar design in a study of similar nature.Two hundred and seventy returned questionnaire was collected, analyzed using descriptive statistic of frequency count, normative percentage and grand mean; as well as inferential statistics of chi-square (${\chi}^2$). The level of significant was fixed at 0.05. Appropriate degrees of freedom were worked out. There was statistical significant influence or relationship with marital status on the predisposing factors of smoking chi-square of 19716.516 greater than the critical value 43.77297at df 30 p<0.05. There were statistical significance chi-square =27468.348 which is greater than the critical value 43.77297 at df= 30. These show that there is a relationship on gender awareness of predisposing factors to smoking rejecting the null hypotheses. The respondents across different lever/year higher institution shows that the awareness of predisposing factors of smoking there were a statistical significance difference chi-square =7168.429 (df=88) greater than critical value 102.342 rejecting the null hypotheses. There is consistent evidence that links exposure to depictions of smoking in movies and initiation of smoking in young people. Over the years television shows and films have effectively built up associations between smoking and glamour, sex and risk-taking. Social learning theory describes how we learn by example from others. We are strongly influenced by our parents, and other people we look up to, such as peers, actors and pop stars. This can lead us to emulate their behaviour and try smoking.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.437-446
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• 2006

Laser vision inspection systems are becoming popular for automated inspection of manufactured components. The performance of such systems can be enhanced by improving accuracy of the hardware and robustness of the software used in the system. This paper presents a new approach for enhancing the capability of a laser vision system by applying hardware compensation and using efficient analysis software. A 3D geometrical model is developed to study and compensate for possible distortions in installation of gantry robot on which the vision system is mounted. Appropriate compensation is applied to the inspection data obtained from the laser vision system based on the parameters in 3D model. The present laser vision system is used for dimensional inspection of car chassis sub frame and lower arm assembly module. An algorithm based on simplex search techniques is used for analyzing the compensated inspection data. The details of 3D model, parameters used for compensation and the measurement data obtained from the system are presented in this paper. The details of search algorithm used for analyzing the measurement data and the results obtained are also presented in the paper. It is observed from the results that, by applying compensation and using appropriate algorithms for analyzing, the error in evaluation of the inspection data can be significantly minimized, thus reducing the risk of rejecting good parts.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.2136-2141
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• 2007

The Loop Heat Pipe(LHP) system uses capillary forces so as to pump the working fluid from heat acquisition to heat rejecting systems. The performance of the LHP systems depends mainly upon the operating performance of the wick structure. The capillary pressure increases with decreasing the pore size of the wick structure. By the way, the wick structure's permeability decreases with decreasing the pore size and the porosity. To obtain an ideal wick, the wick structure should possess several characteristics such as the small pore size, high porosity and chemical compatibility with working fluid. Sintered metal wicks have been mainly used as the capillary wick structure mounted in LHP because of the fact that the sintered metal wick has some advantages like convenient selection of wick material, smaller pore size and so on as well as high reliability. In this study, sintered metal wicks were developed to meet required several parameters to design the high performance LHP systems for obtaining even more effective cooling technologies.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.172.1-172.1
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• 2010

In Jeju, underground air is used for heating greenhouse and fertilizing natural $CO_2$ gas by suppling directly into greenhouse. But greenhouse heating method by direct supply of underground air has several problems as like low temperature below $20^{\circ}C$ or high relative humidity over 90%. The underground air is inadequate in heating of crops such as mangos, oranges with the growing temperature over $20^{\circ}C$. Also if the relative humidity of greenhouse is kept with over 90%, diseases can strike almost of the crops. And also the ventilation loss becomes larger because the air pressure of inside greenhouse by direct supply of underground air is higher. In this study the heat pump system using underground air as heat source was developed and heating performance of the system was analyzed. Heating COP of the system was 2.5~5.0 and rejecting heat into greenhouse and extracting heat from underground air in this heat pump system were 46.5~31.4 kW, 34.9~20.9 kW respectively.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.99-116
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• 2007

Indeterminacy, along with the traces of the unknown identity V, plays a crucial role in building a new possibility in the narrative V. While the characters search for the single identity of V, Pynchon never lets readers and critics reach any final destination or goal in analyzing the novel. Exploring the multiple possibilities and meanings of life, the characters merely keep traveling and searching, without ever reaching any final conclusion or destination. The journey without ever reaching a final destination equals going beyond the boundary and embracing the margins of various possibilities. It concerns the Others and breaks off the hierarchy of Western metaphysics, which is quite similar to what the theorists of deconstruction seek to do. The search without ever reaching a final destination not only designates the multifarious aspect of truth, but it also suggests the possibility of the multiple meanings of words that the characters create. Just as their stories are abundant, the meaning that they produce with their stories can be open-ended. The notion of indeterminacy and broadness in this text, which can be well explained by Derrida, makes it possible for one to search for something other than the fixed meanings or truth claims. The text becomes multifarious in meaning as well as in structure, thus rejecting any kind of singular signifying act.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.614-619
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• 2004

The line-of-sight (LOS) stabilization system is a precision electro-mechanical gimbals assembly for rejecting vibration to isolate the load from its environment and point toward the target in a desired direction. This paper describes the design of gimbals system to reject the disturbance and to improve stabilization. To generate movement commands for the actuators in the stabilization system, the control system uses a sensor of angular rotation. The controller is a DSP with transducer and actuator interfaces. Unknown parameters of the gimbals are estimated using the signal compression method. The cross-correlation coefficient between the impulse response from the assumed model and the one from model of the gimbals is used to obtain the better estimation. And SMCPE (sliding mode control with perturbation estimation) is used to control the gimbals. SMCPE provides robustness of the control against the modeling deficiencies and unknown disturbances. In order to compare the performance of SMCPE with the classical SMC, a sample test result is presented.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.619-625
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• 2009

FastSLAM which uses the Rao-Blackwellized particle filter is one of the famous solutions to SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) problem that estimates concurrently a robot's pose and surrounding environment. However, the particle depletion problem arises from the loss of the particle diversity in the resampling process of FastSLAM. Then, the performance of FastSLAM degenerates over the time. In this work, DIR (Density Information-based Resampling) technique is proposed to solve the particle depletion problem. First, the cluster is constructed based on the density of each particle, and the density of each cluster is computed. After that, the number of particles to be reserved in each cluster is determined using a linear method based on the distance between the highest density cluster and each cluster. Finally, the resampling process is performed by rejecting the particles which are not selected to be reserved in each cluster. The performance of the DIR proposed to solve the particle depletion problem in FastSLAM was verified in computer simulations, which significantly reduced both the RMS position error and the feature error.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.576-584
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• 2002

This paper proposes a new denosing method using wavelet packet, to reject unknown external noise and white gaussian ambient noise for measuring the transient noise which is one of the important elements for ship classification. The previous denosing method applied the same wavelet threshold at each node of multi-single sensors for rejecting white noise is not adequate in the underwater environment existing lots of external noises. The proposed algorithm of this paper applies a modified soft-threshold to each node according to the discriminated threshold so as to reject unknown external noise and white gaussian ambient noise. It is verified by numerical simulation that the SNR is increased more than 25㏈. And the simulation results are confirmed through sea-trial using multi-single sensors.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.331-341
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• 2017

This paper presents the sea-trial results of Crabster CR6000 which is a deep-sea walking robot developed by KRISO in 2016. Crabster CR6000 is designed to inspect deep-sea environment rejecting the disturbance on the silent and calm abyssal area. The sea-trial was conducted at the East Sea and the Philippine Sea on December 2016. The Crabster CR6000 undocked successfully from the Shuttle after touchdown on the sea-bed and walked out on the soft sediment soil of the 4,743m seafloor at the fourth diving in the Philippine Sea. The advanced technologies and capabilities of CR6000 were verified from the operational and functional test conducted in the sea-trial. The experimental data acquired from the sea-trial were summarized and the first experience of the deep-sea walking robot was presented in this paper.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.71-81
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• 2020

This study is intended to determine the effects of volunteering participation motivation on major satisfaction and continuance willingness in ophthalmic optics students. To achieve this, a survey was empirically carried out to ophthalmic optics students. The research findings showed that self-development among participation motivation factors had a significant effect on major satisfaction and continuance willingness, leisure on continuance willingness, and major satisfaction on continuance willingness in the relationship between the effects of volunteering participation motivation on continuance willingness and major satisfaction in ophthalmic optics students, respectively, adopting 3 hypotheses. On the other hand, leisure had no significant effect on major satisfaction, interpersonal exchange on major satisfaction, and interpersonal exchange on continuance willingness, respectively, rejecting 3 hypotheses. Which suggest that the high self-development willingness of college students as a factor of college volunteering participation motivation causes them to have pride and specialization in their major. Consequently, pride and specialization in major cannot only increase an understanding of personality and major, but maintain a positive attitude, leading to a long-continuous willingness, not a simple one-time service.