• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.287-287
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• 1994

In the present study, it was aimed to asses the possibility that calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) released in response to transient hypotension may contribute to the reflex autoregulation of cerebral blood flow as a putative modulator. Changes in pial arterial diameter (mean, 33.0 ${\pm}$ 1.1 $\mu\textrm{m}$) with changes in systemic arterial blood pressure (mean, 101.9 ${\pm}$ 2.7 mmHg) were observed directly through a closed cranial window in anesthetized normotensive rats. Image of the pial vessels was captured with a stereoscope connected to a CCD video camera and the diameter was measured with a microscaler. In the capsaicin-treated rats (one day prior to experiment, 50 nmol capsaicin injected intracisternally), both vasodilater and vasoconstrictor responses evoked by a transient hypotension and the reverse of blood pressure were markedly attenuated or almost abolished. When changes in pial arterial diameter were plotted as a function of changes in blood pressure, the slopes of both regression lines (for vasodilators and vasoconstrictors ) were markedly reduced. Similar reductions were evidenced under treatment wi th the CGRP antibody serum (1:1,000) and following CGRP receptor desensitization. However, the autoregulatory mechanics were neither affected by treatment wi th spantide (1 ${\mu}$M), substance P antagonist, nor by substance P receptor desensitization. Suffusion wi th mock cerebrospinal fluid containing CGRP and cromakalim caused a vasodilatation in a concentration-dependent manner, respectively and their effects were antagonized by glibenclamide. Substance P produced a vasodilatation, which was, however, little affected by glibenclamide. These observations indicate that the CGRP released from the perivascular sensory fibers in response to a hypotension is implicated in the modulation of the autoregulation of cerebral blood flow.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1089-1095
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• 2010

Four biological candidate genes, natural resistance associated macrophage protein 1 (SLC11A1 or NRAMP), prosaposin (PSAP), interferon Gamma (IFNG), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), were examined to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and associations of the SNP with antibody response kinetics in hens. An $F_2$ population was produced by mating $G_0$ highly inbred (<99%) males of two MHC-congenic Fayoumi lines with highly inbred Leghorn hens. The $F_2$ hens (n = 158) were injected twice with SRBC and whole, fixed Brucella abortus (BA). Blood samples were obtained before each immunization, at 7 d after primary immunization, and at several time points after secondary immunization. Minimum titers (Ymin) and the time needed to reach them (Tmin), and maximum (Ymax) titers and the time needed to reach them (Tmax), were estimated from the seven post-secondary immunization titers using a nonlinear regression model. The $F_2$ hens were genotyped for the four candidate genes by using PCR-RFLP for one SNP per gene, which identified the parental allele. General linear models were used to test associations of SNP genotypes with antibody response parameters and BW measured at 4 ages. The IFNG SNP was highly significantly (p<0.0125) associated with primary response to SRBC, Tmin to BA, Ymin to BA, and 12-week BW. The current study demonstrated that the novel IFNG promoter SNP was associated with antibody kinetics for BA and SRBC in laying hens, and also with BW, suggesting that this cytokine may play a pivotal role in the relationship between immune function and growth.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.45-50
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• 1982

Yeum et al. formulated a new hot-plate method using the threshold temperature, and there are some controversies on the effects of naloxone and diazepam on the antinociceptive action. In this paper, the comparison of three methods registering analgesic activity and the application of the new hot-plate method formulated by Yeum et al. on the study of the influences of naloxone and diazepam on the analgesic effect of morphine were tried in male mice. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1) The least-square regression lines of the morphine analgesia plotted against log-dose showed the correlation coefficient of above 0.90, but the competitive antagonism produced by naloxone (0.1 mg/kg) against the analgesia was more prominently demonstated by the new hot-plate method than the other methods: original hot-plate method and electrical stimulation method. 2) In the experiment using the new hot-plate method, the log dose-response curve of morphine (y=7.30 x+49.80, r=0.998) was shifted to the right by the pretreatment of naloxone (0.1 mg/kg), but was slightly shifted to the left by the pretreatment of diazepam (2.5 mg/kg). This study suggests that for the analgesia experiment, the new hot-plate method is superior to the original hot-plate method or the electrical stimulation method, and that the potentiative effect of diazepam on the morphine anagesia is not significant.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.4207-4210
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• 2014

Several lines of evidence suggest that genetic variation in MUC5AC gene might contribute to the risk of gastric cancer. We conducted a case-control study to evaluate the relationship between common genetic variations in MUC5AC gene and non-cardia gastric cancer using an LD-based tagSNP approach in Baotou, north-western China. We genotyped 12 tagSNPs by TaqMan method among 288 cases with non-cardia gastric cancer and 281 normal controls. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for non-cardia gastric cancer risk in association with alleles, genotypes and haplotypes. We observed that the frequencies of rs3793964 C allele and rs11040869 A allele were significantly lower in cases than in controls. Meanwhile, minor allele homozygotes of rs3793964 and rs11040869 were significantly associated with a decreased risk of non-cardia gastric cancer when compared with their major allele homozygotes. Furthermore, a statistically significantly protective effect of rs885454 genotypes on non-cardia gastric cancer was also observed (for CT vs. CC: OR=0.581, 95%CI=0.408-0.829; for CT/TT vs. CC: OR=0.623, 95%CI=0.451-0.884). Our results indicated that some common genetic variations in the MUC5AC gene might have effects on the risk of non-cardia gastric cancer in our studied population.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.395-401
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• 1974

In order to figure out the normal range, lower limit of hypertension and upper limit of hypotension of the blood pressure of Korean, authors had measured blood pressure according to Korotkow's method for 31,897 healthy persons as samples who were occupied different levels of the social class except cases who would seem to be the essential hypertension and had the diseases affecting to secondary hypertension. A following conclusion was induced by actual measurement and statistical reasoning. 1. The normal range and limits of hypo- and hypertension by sex and age groups of Korean were demonstrated in Table 1 and Figure 1. 2. The more aging the higher value of blood pressure in both sexes, especially women rather than men and systolic as to diastolic. 3. Generally, blood pressure values of female were lower than male, after 55 years of age, however, the crossing phenomenon was recognizable. 4. To settle the normal and abnormal ranges of the blood pressure of Korean, it was attempted that $M{\pm}1.282{\sigma}$ as normal range, $M+2{\sigma}$ as lower limit of hypertension and $M-2{\sigma}$ as upper limit of hypotension were calculated, and regression lines were drawn to adjust the biological variables and derive continuity from each age class. (Fig. 2 and 3) 5. The blood pressure levels were becoming elevated as to getting increased of the body weight, particularly diastolic value at 40-49 age group in male and systolic value at 30-39 age group in female.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.351-354
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• 2017

An experimental design method was used to optimize the synthesis of gamma-alumina with a superior thermal stability using the reverse micelle method. First, twelve experimental conditions were derived by using the mixture design method to optimize conditions for the ratio of surfactant, water and oil, which are main factors in the synthesis process. When the particles synthesized by reverse micelle method were calcined at $900^{\circ}C$ under the designed condition, they all had gamma-alumina crystal structure although there were differences in particle sizes. The coefficient of determination of the second-order regression model using the derived experimental results was 93.68% and the P-value was 0.002. The synthesis conditions forgamma-alumina with various particle sizes were presented using surface and contour lines. As a result, it was calculated that the smallest particle size of about 2.8 nm was synthesized when the ratio of surfactant/water/oil was 0.3450/0.0729/0.5821.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1279-1290
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• 2017

R's {shiny} package provides an environment for creating web applications with only R scripts. Shiny does not require knowledge of a separate web programming language and its development is very easy and straightforward. In addition, Shiny has a variety of extensibility, and its functions are expanding day by day. Therefore, the presentation of high-quality results is an excellent tool for R-based analysts. In this paper, we present actual cases of large data analysis using Shiny. First, geological anomaly zone is extracted by analyzing topographical data expressed in the form of contour lines by analysis related to spatial data. Next, we will construct a model to predict major diseases by 16 cities and provinces nationwide using weather, environment, and social media information. In this process, we want to show that Shiny is very effective for data visualization and analysis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2015

Background: Current cancer therapy mainly focuses on identifying novel targets crucial for tumorigenesis. The FoxM1 is of preference as an anticancer target, due to its significance in execution of mitosis, cell cycle progression, as well as other signal pathways leading to tumorigenesis. FoxM1 is partially regulated by oncoproteins or tumor suppressors, which are often mutated, lost, or overexpressed in human cancer. Since sustaining proliferating signaling is an important hallmark of cancer, FoxM1 is overexpressed in a series of human malignancies. Alarge-scale gene expression analysis also identified FoxM1 as a differentially-expressed gene in most solid tumors. Furthermore, overexpressed FoxM1 is correlated with the prognosis of cancer patients, as verified in a series of malignancies by Cox regression analysis. Thus, extensive studies have been conducted to explore the roles of FoxM1 in tumorigenesis, making it an attractive target for anticancer therapy. Several antitumor drugs have been reported to target or inhibit FoxM1 expression in different cancers, and down-regulation of FoxM1 also abrogates drug resistance in some cancer cell lines, highlighting a promising future for FoxM1 application in the clinic.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.4185-4192
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• 2015

Background: A protective effect of resistant starch (RS) containing foods on carcinogenesis has been shown from several lines of experimental evidence for gastrointestinal cancers. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between RS contained foods and breast cancer (BC) risk in a hospital-based, age- and origin-matched, case-control study. Materials and Methods: A validated, semi-quantitative, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was completed by 306 women newly diagnosed with BC aged 25 to 65 years, and 309 healthy women as matched controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression models. Results: Reduced BC risk was associated with the highest tertile of whole-wheat bread and boiled potato consumption with adjusted ORs at 0.34 (95%CI: 0.19-0.59) and 0.61 (95%CI: 0.37-0.99), respectively. Among consumers of whole-wheat bread, the protective role of cereals remained relatively apparent at higher intakes level of fiber rich breads at adjusted models (OR=0.53, 95%CI: 0.28-1.01). Moreover, high intake of legumes was found out to be a significant protective dietary factor against risk of BC development with an OR of 0.01 (95%CI: 0.03-0.13). However, consumption of white bread and biscuits was positively related to BC risk. Conclusions: Our results show that certain RS containing foods, in particular whole wheat bread, legumes and boiled potato may reduce BC risk, whereas higher intake of white bread and biscuits may be related to increased BC risk.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.17D no.5
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• pp.327-336
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• 2010

This paper proposed software equation that is relation with effort and duration based on function point (FP) software size. Existent software equation based on lines of code (LOC). LOC sees big difference according to development language and there are a lot of difficulties in software size estimation. First, considered method that change LOC to FP. But, this method is not decided definitely conversion ratio between LOC and FP by development language. Also, failed though the conversion ratio motives software formula because was not presented about specification development language. Therefore, we derived software formula directly to large project data that was developed by FP. Firstly, datas that reasonable development period is set among development projects. Secondly, FP through regression analysis about this data and effort, motived relation with FP and duration. Finally, software equation was derived from these relation. Proposed model solves application problems that LOC-based model has and has advantage that application is possible easily in business.