• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.880-888
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• 2007

Referential expression 'Geot' is often occurred in Korean dialogues. However, it has not been properly dealt with by the previous researchers of reference resolution, since it is not by itself the referential expression like pronoun and definite noun phrases, and it has never been discriminated from non-referring 'geot'. To resolve this problem, we establish a feature set which is based on the linguistic property of 'geot' and the discourse property of its text, and propose a method to identify referential 'geot' from non-referring 'geot' using decision tree. In the experiment, our system achieved the F-measures of 92.3% for non-referring geot and of 82.2% for referential geot and the total classification performance of 89.27%, and outperformed the classification system based on pattern rules.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.61-83
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• 2012

A knowledge map describes the network of related knowledge into the form of a diagram, and therefore underpins the structure of knowledge categorizing and archiving by defining the relationship of the referential navigation between knowledge. The referential navigation between knowledge means the relationship of cross-referencing exhibited when a piece of knowledge is utilized by a user. To understand the contents of the knowledge, a user usually requires additionally information or knowledge related with each other in the relation of cause and effect. This relation can be expanded as the effective connection between knowledge increases, and finally forms the network of knowledge. A network display of knowledge using nodes and links to arrange and to represent the relationship between concepts can provide a more complex knowledge structure than a hierarchical display. Moreover, it can facilitate a user to infer through the links shown on the network. For this reason, building a knowledge map based on the ontology technology has been emphasized to formally as well as objectively describe the knowledge and its relationships. As the necessity to build a knowledge map based on the structure of the ontology has been emphasized, not a few researches have been proposed to fulfill the needs. However, most of those researches to apply the ontology to build the knowledge map just focused on formally expressing knowledge and its relationships with other knowledge to promote the possibility of knowledge reuse. Although many types of knowledge maps based on the structure of the ontology were proposed, no researches have tried to design and implement the referential navigation-enabled knowledge map. This paper addresses a methodology to build the ontology-based knowledge map enabling the referential navigation between knowledge. The ontology-based knowledge map resulted from the proposed methodology can not only express the referential navigation between knowledge but also infer additional relationships among knowledge based on the referential relationships. The most highlighted benefits that can be delivered by applying the ontology technology to the knowledge map include; formal expression about knowledge and its relationships with others, automatic identification of the knowledge network based on the function of self-inference on the referential relationships, and automatic expansion of the knowledge-base designed to categorize and store knowledge according to the network between knowledge. To enable the referential navigation between knowledge included in the knowledge map, and therefore to form the knowledge map in the format of a network, the ontology must describe knowledge according to the relation with the process and task. A process is composed of component tasks, while a task is activated after any required knowledge is inputted. Since the relation of cause and effect between knowledge can be inherently determined by the sequence of tasks, the referential relationship between knowledge can be circuitously implemented if the knowledge is modeled to be one of input or output of each task. To describe the knowledge with respect to related process and task, the Protege-OWL, an editor that enables users to build ontologies for the Semantic Web, is used. An OWL ontology-based knowledge map includes descriptions of classes (process, task, and knowledge), properties (relationships between process and task, task and knowledge), and their instances. Given such an ontology, the OWL formal semantics specifies how to derive its logical consequences, i.e. facts not literally present in the ontology, but entailed by the semantics. Therefore a knowledge network can be automatically formulated based on the defined relationships, and the referential navigation between knowledge is enabled. To verify the validity of the proposed concepts, two real business process-oriented knowledge maps are exemplified: the knowledge map of the process of 'Business Trip Application' and 'Purchase Management'. By applying the 'DL-Query' provided by the Protege-OWL as a plug-in module, the performance of the implemented ontology-based knowledge map has been examined. Two kinds of queries to check whether the knowledge is networked with respect to the referential relations as well as the ontology-based knowledge network can infer further facts that are not literally described were tested. The test results show that not only the referential navigation between knowledge has been correctly realized, but also the additional inference has been accurately performed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2007.12a
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• pp.29-30
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• 2007

This paper deals with effect of wind forces and moment acting on the training ship SAE NUR/. The results of drift angle and counter rudder angle due to wind effect are calculated by using the static equilibrium method especially with nonlinear mathematical expression, and then the critical wind velocity is found out. The given results am be applied directly to T/S SAE NURI in handling under the wind condition and used for merchant ships as a referential tool.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.115-120
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• 2008

This paper deals with effect of wind forces and moment acting on the training ship SAE NURI. The results of drift angle and counter rudder angle due to wind effect are calculated by using the static equilibrium method especially with nonlinear mathematical expression, and then the critical wind velocity is found out. The given results can be applied directly to T/S SAE NURI in handling under the wind condition and used for merchant ships as a referential tool.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.4B
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• pp.323-338
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• 2003

The main memory database systems (MMDBMS) efficiently supports various database applications that require high performance since it employs main memory rather than disk as a primary storage. Recently, it has been increased needs that have the fast data processing as well as the efficient modeling of application requiring for a complicated structure, and conformity to applications that need the strict dta consistency. In MMDBMS, because all the data is located in the main memory, it can support the usable expression methods of data satisfying their needs without performance overhead. The method has the operation to manipulate the data and the constraint such as referential integrity in more detail. The data model consists of this methods is an essential component to decide the expression power of DBMS. In this paper, we discuss about various requests to provide the communication services and propose the data model that support it. The mainly discussed issues are 1) definition of the relationship between tables using the pointer, 2) navigation of the data using the relationship, 3) support of the referential integrity for pointer, 4) support of the uniform processing time for the join, 5) support of the object-oriented concepts, and 6) sharing of an index on multi-tables. We discuss the pointer-based data model that designed to include these issues to efficiently support complication environments.

• Journal of Information Technology and Architecture
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.233-241
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• 2012

Architecture framework (AF) is a guideline to define components needed to develop and operate enterprise architecture (EA), and to define relationships among the components. There are many architecture frameworks to operate EA of governments and businesses such as Zachman framework, DoDAF, TOGAF, FEAF, and TEAF. DoDAF is the most representative AF to support the development of the EA in the military domain. DoDAF is composed of eight viewpoints and 40 views that are affiliated with the viewpoints. To develop an AF for a specific goal, system architects decide a set of views. Furthermore, they determine data that are needed for a view modeling. However, views and data in DoDAF are structurally inter-related explicitly and/or implicitly. So, developing an AF for a specific goal is going to be a project to be carried out over a long haul. To reduce the burden of its development, in this paper, we develop ONT-SAF (Ontology for DoDAF) that can infer inter-relationships like referential and transitive relationships and the sequences among the views. Furthermore, to promote reusability and consistency of the views and the data within an AF, we adopt the view-data separation strategy. ONT-DAT contains classes like 'viewpoint', 'view', 'data', 'expression method', and 'reference model', and 11 properties including 'hasView.' To prove the effectiveness of ONT-SAF, we perform a case study.