• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.1314-1320
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• 2001

Dyeing properties of rosemary colorants on wool fabrics were investigated. Reosemary colorants were characterized by UV and FT-IR analysis. Effect of dyeing condition on dye uptake and effect of mordanting on dye uptake, color change of colorfastness were explored. Rosemary colorants showed high affinity to wool fiber and its isotherm adsorption curve was Langmuir type. Therefore, it was considered that ionic bonding was involved in the adsorption of rosemary colorants to wool fiber. Rosemary colarants produced mainly yellowish color on wool fabric. The dyed wool fabrics showed generally high colorfastness except fastness to washing and light. Mordanting did not improve any colorfastness except that Sn mordant improved the light fastness. Bacterial reduction rate was increased up to 100% at 5% dye concentration. Therefore, antimicrobial activity of rosemary extract was confirmed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.1095-1103
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• 2008

The effects of resin finish and dyeabilities of four kinds of Iyocell fabrics that were manufactured by four kinds of pulps were investigated. The dyeabilities of Iyocell fabrics were similar, but differed from cotton fabric. In early stage of 30 minutes, cotton fabric was shown higher dye exhaustion ratio than Iyocell fabrics, however after then cotton fabric did not increase dye exhaustion, Iyocell fabrics increased continuously. At last, the dye exhaustion ratio of Iyocell fabrics were about 75% and that of cotton fabric was 65%. Two kinds of experimental procedures were applied for Iyocell fabrics. One was what the fabrics were treated with resins and washed with cellulase, and then dyed with reactive dyes. The other procedure was the fabrics were dyed with reactive dyes, and then applied the resin treatments and cellulase washing. After fibrillation and washing the undyed Iyocell fabric and the Iyocell fabric that was dyed with C.I.Reactive Red 120, their weight loss ratios were 3.5% and 2.8%, respectively. Dyeing with reactive dyes caused the crosslinking between cellulose and dyes and the crosslinking decreased fibrillation. The weight loss by enzyme washing of Iyocell fabrics decreased by the glyoxal and melamine resin treatments. The reduction of weight loss can be caused by fibrillation decrease. Dyeing and resin treating can be showed the synergic effect on the reduction of fibrillation. The effect of glyoxal resin on the reduction of fibrillation was a little better than that of melamine resin.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.18-24
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to develop the dyeing method with dry leaves of indigo plant. Coloring matter was extracted from dry leaves of indigo plant with hot sodium hydroxide solution. The extract was reduced with sodium dithionite, and it was used for dyeing cotton fabrics under various conditions. UV-visible absorption spectra of extract, reduction rate of extracts by reducing agent, and the surface color of dyed cotton, lightfastness were examined. For the initial 20 minutes, the absorbance of indigo solution rapidly decreased. However, several hours later, the decreasing rate retarded. By repeating the dyeing process, the shade looked deeper and deeper. At $30-40^{\circ}C$, the value of K/S reached the highest point. The concentration of indigo solution in dye bath seemed to playa critical role for the reaction of the reducing agent. It was observed that the surface color of cotton fabrics was getting bluish and its degree of value and chroma seemed slightly decreased as the K/S value was increasing. The lightfastness was clearly enhanced by increasing the K/S value.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.67-81
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• 2023

This study aims to examine the possibility of using dried Dondropanax morbiferus extract as a functional dye. The leaves and branches of were extracted with distilled water and 30% ethanol, and the dyeability and functionality of silk fabrics were examined according to the color characteristics of the extract and dyeing conditions. As a result of analyzing the ultraviolet and visible light absorption spectrum of the extract, it was possible to confirm the peak of flavonoid belonging to polyphenol, and the peak of riboflavin expressing yellow color was confirmed. Adsorption equilibrium was observed at 4% dyeing concentration and 60 minutes of dyeing time, and as the temperature increased, dyeing amount increased without color change of Y-series. Aluminum mordanting also increased the yellow color. The color fastness of washing and UV irradiation was low, but the color fastness of rubbing was evaluated as relatively good. The silk fabric dyed with the distilled water extract of the leaves showed a 99.9% bacteriostatic reduction against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae, showing excellent antibacterial properties.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.155-163
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• 2015

In dyeing cotton fabric with the Indigo Pulverata Levis, this research examined the effect of the sodium dithionite($Na_2S_2O_4$). For the separation of the Indigo-calcium hydroxide complex in the alkaline solution of the Indigo Pulverata Levis, the reduction with the $Na_2S_2O_4$ at $25^{\circ}C$ was more effective than the solution boiling. The concentration of Indigo in the cotton fabric increased with the increase of Indigo Pulverata Levis, but the concentration of indirubin did not increase particularly. The optimum temperature for the reduction was $60^{\circ}C$, and K/S value of dyed fabric decreased at over $60^{\circ}C$. The concentration of indigo and indirubin in the cotton fabric decreased as $Na_2S_2O_4$ concentration increased. In treating cotton fabric dyed with the Indigo Pulverata Levis by the $Na_2S_2O_4$, the concentration of indirubin decreased and the surface color of dyed cotton changed from purple blue to blue while the treatment temperature was getting higher.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.23-32
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• 2009

The objective of this study is to investigate the efficacy of leaf powder colorants as substitutes for traditional indigo dyeing. Leaf powder colorants were prepared by hot air($50^{\circ}C$) and room temperanrre($25^{\circ}C$) drying methods from fresh leaves. The presence of indigo in the leaf powder colorants was confirmed by UV/Visible absorption spectra. All the powder colorants showed broad absorption at 602 nm as same as synthetic indigo. Dyeing was done by reduction method with sodium hydrosulfite and sodium hydroxide. Leaf powder colorants produced blue color on silk fabrics, showing similar color to the one dyed traditionally with fresh juice extract. The powder colorants prepared at room temperature drying were more stable for long term storage than that prepared by hot air drying. Thus, the powder colorants prepared by room temperature drying was reduced and dyed in one-step process without sodium hydroxide in the dyebath for further investigate dyeing properties. K/S value of the fabric dyed without sodium hydroxide was much higher than one dyed with sodium hydroxide. Regardless of the addition of sodium hydroxide, rubbing fastness was fairly good showing above 4 rating. Fastness to dry cleaning and light of the fabrics dyed without sodium hydroxide were mote higher than that dyed in alkaline condition.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.115-121
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• 2017

Demands for nylon suede as an artificial leather are increasing due to its functionality and aesthetics. To achieve high value added nylon suede based on green technology, this study was carried out in order to obtain useful data for the nylon suede fabrics with eco-friendly dyeing process by a pad-steam method instead of a dip dyeing process using sulphur black dye to reduce the industrial waste of water. The dyeability of the nylon suede was investigated according to reducing temperatures, dye concentrations, and reducing agent's concentrations. Throughout the results of the CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ and Munsell values, the optimized dyeing conditions of the nylon suede using sulphur black dye are $70^{\circ}C$ of dyeing temperature, 30% o.w.f. of dye concentration, and $9g/{\ell}$ of reduction agent concentration, respectively. Furthermore washing colorfastness, light colorfastness and perspiration colorfastness were achieved in the range of 4-5 grades.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.19 no.1 s.92
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• pp.53-60
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• 2007

In order to optimize the process for development of super deep black fiber, the silica-containing polyester fabric, SN2000, was investigated in terms of mass reduction process by sodium hydroxide, selection of high color strength dyes, and resin treatment. As the results, the mass reduction condition which used 15g/L of sodium hydroxide at $120^{\circ}C$ was determined and Dianix Deep Black Plus was selected for the best deep coloration at around 5% owf. Contrary to the prevailed understanding that the additional use of chromatic dyes would enhance the deep coloration, four kinds of chromatic dyes such as yellow, red, blue, and green dyes did not make great effect on the deep coloration. To increase the effect, the commercial resin that has low refractive index was used additionally and the resin made it possible to lower the lightness of the fabrics down to 8.7 which was generally accepted for super highly deep black fabric.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.10-19
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• 1998

This study surveys the mechanical properties such as tensile and compressional properties to the weight reduction rate of PET fabrics with various weft linear densities, weft t.p.m. and desities. 18 kinds of plain and 12 kinds of satin weave fabrics were woven and processed with variation of weight reduction rate(0％, 12％, 25％ and 30％) in dyeing and finishing processes. Tensile work, resilience and compressional work and resilience of these finished fabrics treated with different weight reduction rates were measured by KES-FB System and discussed with various wok linear densities, weft t.p.m., densities, and weight reduction rates.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.260-266
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• 2008

Recently there has been a growing interest in the use of natural dyes in textile applications. Natural dyes can exhibit better biodegradability and generally have a higher compatibility with the environment. In this study, the colorants of clove were extracted with boiling water. Chitosan crosslinked cotton fabrics have been dyed with aqueous extract of clove and their dyeabilities on the fabrics were studied. Additionally the fastness to washing and light, and the effects on antimicrobial properties were also investigated. Cotton fabrics were treated with a crosslinking agent epichlorohydrin in the presence of chitosan to provide the cotton fabrics the dyeing properties of natural dye(clove) by the chemical linking of chitosan to the cellulose structure. This process was applied by means of the conventional mercerizing process. The chitosan finishing and durable press finishing of the cotton fabrics occurred simultaneously in the mercerization bath. The dyeability(K/S), which was obtained by CCM observation, remarkablely became increased when the crosslinked chitosan concentration was higher. The hue value indicated reddish yellow with increasing the crosslinked chitosan concentration. And the color fastness to washing and light was the almost the same. The chitosan treated cotton fabrics showed very high activities with almost 100% reduction.