• 제목/요약/키워드: reducing conditions

검색결과 2,176건 처리시간 0.041초

반응표면 분석법에 의한 흑마늘 추출물이 첨가된 간장의 제조 조건 설정 (Optimization of Soy Sauce Production Conditions with Black Garlic Extract by Response Surface Methodology)

  • 심혜진;강민정;김경민;이창권;김정환;신정혜
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제32권3호
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    • pp.307-315
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: The central composition design was used to optimize the mixture conditions of black garlic extract. Methods: The response surface methodology (RSM) was carried out from concentration of black garlic extract ($X_1$) and the amount of the black garlic extract ($X_2$) as independent variables, and salts ($Y_1$), reducing sugars ($Y_2$), the content of total phenolic compounds ($Y_3$) and ABTS radical scavenging activity ($Y_4$) as dependent variables. We confirmed the conditions that salinity was minimized and reducing sugar, total phenolic compounds and ABTS radical scavenging activity had maximum values through the response surface analysis. Results: All results had saddle points in originally set up conditions hence, ridge analysis was carried out for narrowing the experimental area. The minimum salt concentration was 16.03% at black garlic extract concentration of $14.84^{\circ}brix$ and contents of 9.26%. Reducing sugar content had maximum of value 7.30 g/mL at $24.58^{\circ}brix$ and contents of 8.08%. Total phenolic compounds contents and ABTS radical scavenging activity had maximum values at black garlic extract concentration of 20.33 and $25.02^{\circ}brix$. The results indicate that addition of black garlic extract contributed to increased reducing sugar, phenolic compounds contents and antioxidant activity of the soy sauce, but the salt concentration was not significantly affected. Conclusion: Based on the results of RSM, the optimum ranges of addition conditions for lowering the salt concentration and, increasing the sensory and functional ability of soy sauce were as follows: black garlic extract concentration of $15-25^{\circ}brix$ and content of 7.8-9.3%.

Asswssment of natural attenuation for Gasoline contaminated soil under various reducing conditions

  • 오인석;이시진;장순웅
    • 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지하수토양환경학회 2004년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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    • pp.255-259
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    • 2004
  • 본 연구에서는 유류오염 토양현장샘플을 이용한 실험실 규모의 회분식 실험을 통해 다양한 환원조건하에서 BTEX와 MTBE의 자연정화 평가 및 현장 생복원 기술 적용 타당성을 검토하는데 있다. 첫째, 오염토양과 비오염 토양에서 충분한 전자수용체의 존재는 유류오염물질의 생분해능을 증가시킬 수 있었음 알았다. 둘째, 같은 토양이라도 전자수용체의 종류와 유류오염물질의 특성에 따른 생분해능의 다양성을 확인할 수 있었다. 셋째, BTEX에 비해 MTBE의 분해가 매우 느림을 확인하였다. 본 실험은 아직 초기 단계의 실험으로 현장 조건을 충분히 만족 시키지는 못한다. 추가적인 pH 변화에 따른 전자수용체의 이용 특성 및 토양-지하수 microcosm test, 혐기성 생분해 부산물인 $CO_2$, $N_2$ 또는 $N_2$O, TBA의 연구가 실시되어야 하겠다.

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Growth rate and growth steps of 6H-SiC single crystals in the sublimation process

  • Kang, Seung-Min;Lim, Chang-Sung;Auh, Keun-Ho
    • 한국결정성장학회지
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.166-169
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    • 2001
  • 6H-SiC bulk crystals were grown by sublimation method with different conditions in term of gaseous pressures ad source temperatures. In order to optimize the growth rate, pressure at growth period and source and substrate temperatures were investigated as experimental variables. the results were compared with each other and finally the optimum growth conditions were discussed. Furthermore the relation of the growth steps and defects formation was evaluates in the point of reducing the micropipes. Subsequently the growth steps and defects formation was evaluated in the point of reducing the micropipes. Subsequently the growth steps were observed leading to the lower step height with the lower growth rate.

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Westerly Winds in the Southern Ocean During the Last Glacial Maximum Simulated in CCM3

  • Kim, Seong-Joong;Lee, Bang-Yong
    • Ocean and Polar Research
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    • 제31권4호
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    • pp.297-304
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    • 2009
  • We investigated the response of the westerly winds over the Southern Ocean (SO) to glacial boundary conditions for the Last Glacial Maximum using the CCM3 atmospheric general circulation model. In response to glacial boundary conditions, the zonally averaged maximum SO westerly winds weakened 20-35% and were displaced toward the equator by 3-4 degrees. This weakening of the SO westerly winds arose from a substantial increase in mean sea level pressure (MSLP) in the southern part of the SO around Antarctica relative to the northern part. The increase in MSLP around Antarctica is associated with a marked temperature reduction caused by an increase in sea ice cover and ice albedo feedback during the glacial time. The weakened westerly winds in the SO and their equator-ward displacement might play a role in reducing the atmospheric $CO_2$ concentration by reducing upwelling of the carbon rich deep water during the glacial time.

소파안벽의 수리학적 성능에 관한 실험적 연구 (An Experimental Study on the Hydraulic Performance of Wave Dissipating Quay Walls)

  • 김인철;이태환
    • 한국해안해양공학회지
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.195-202
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    • 2000
  • 최근에 항내 정온도를 향상시키고 월파량을 저감시키기 위하여 구조물 내에 공극을 두어 파의 에너지를 감쇠시키는 방법이 널리 행해지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 소파구조물 중에서 슬릿케이슨, 이글루블록 및 중공블록을 선택하여 이들의 수리학적 성능을 비교·검토하기 위하여 수리모형실험을 수행하였다. 평상파 조건에서 소파효과는 슬릿케이슨이 가장 양호한 결과를 보여주며, 설계파 조건에서 월파량의 저감효과는 슬릿케이슨과 이글루블록은 비슷하나 중공블록은 다소 저감효과가 떨어지는 경향을 보여주고 있다.

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Spontaneous Formation of Noble Metal Nanosturctures Using Catechol-grafted Polymer Nanofibers

  • 손호연;류지현;이해신;남윤성
    • 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국표면공학회 2012년도 추계총회 및 학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.90-90
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    • 2012
  • Catechol moiety has enough reducing capability of reducing metal ions. Catechol-grafted polymer is chemically synthesized and electrospun into nanofibers as templates for metal nanostructures. The metal nanostructures are spontaneously generated on the catechol-grafted polymer nanofibers under ambient conditions.

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조건의 변화에 따른 수중 환경 내에서의 철 용해 분석 (Analysis of aqueous environment iron dissolution in different conditions)

  • 배연욱;민지은;박재우
    • 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국방재학회 2008년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
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    • pp.807-810
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    • 2008
  • 영가철(ZVI)를 사용하는 투수성 반응벽체(PRB, Permeable reactive barrier)는 TCE(Trichloroethylene)와 같은 난분해성 유기물질이 포함된 지하수를 처리하는데 사용될 수 있다. 여기서 ZVI(Zero-valent iron)가 Ferric iron으로 산화되면서 TCE를 ethene으로 환원시킨다. Ferric iron으로 변화된 iron은 환원과정을 통해 Ferrous iron으로 다시 재생을 시켜야 PRB의 처리수명을 연장시킬 수 있다. Ferric iron을 Ferrous iron으로 환원시키기 위해서 철환원 박테리아(IRB, Iron-reducing bacteria)를 이용한다. 이번 연구에서는 IRB가 Ferric iron을 환원시키기 위해서 Ferric iron을 용해를 한다는 concept으로 실험을 해보았다. 실험은 증류수(DI water, De-ionized water), DI-water에 배지를 포함한 용액, 그리고 DI-water에 배지 및 IRB가 포함된 용액, 이 3가지 조건으로 수행했다. 실험결과 $Fe^{3+}$의 용해가 IRB가 포함된 용액, 배지가 포함된 용액, 증류수 순으로 잘 되는 것으로 나타났다.

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