• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제45권6호
• /
• pp.716-722
• /
• 2012

The larval occurrence of the red snow crab Chionoecetes japonicus was investigated near Dokdo in the East Sea of Korea, and the larval timing of the genus Chionoecetes in world oceans was reviewed. C. japonicus larvae were collected seasonally at 12 stations in February, May, August, and November in 2011. A Bongo net with a 303 mesh was deployed with a double oblique tow. Larvae appeared from February to August, but no larvae were found in November. Zoea I occurred at nine stations with a few zoea II in February, and were found until August. The larval densities in February were high near the northern. In May, megalopa were found at eight stations with a few zoea II. No larvae were caught in November. The larval abundance in the research area peaked in February. Overall, the larval duration of the genus Chionoecetes in the world's oceans persisted for a long time, and Chionoecetes larvae occurred during the warm season in each area. The cold temperature at the sea bottom, where gravid females are found, may prolong larval production along the distribution range of the genus Chionoecetes.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.292-301
• /
• 2010

For an effective management of fisheries resources, it is very important that to make clean inhabitation environment and to preserve fisheries resources. The material which is mainly used as fishing gear in modern times, is polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, etc., chemical fiber. And lost fishing gears which are make of these, occur ghost fishing and ocean pollution. To solve these problem, we development biodegradable fishing trap using the polybutylene succinate (PBS). Developed traps are for red snow crab (Chionoecetes japonicus) and shrimp, major traps in the East Sea, and we carried out fishing research using two kind traps in the coastal sea of Ayajin-port (Goseong) to analysis fishing efficiency of PE trap and PBS trap. As a result for fishing experiment (year 2005-2006) of red snow crab trap, two kind traps were almost the same in catches and length composition. During a experiment, parts of meshes, used for over 1 year, were cut by biodegradation. As a result for fishing experiment (year 2007) of shrimp trap, northern shrimp (Pandalus eous), coonstripe shrimp (Pandalus hypsinotus) and morotoge shrimp (Pandalopsis japonica) were catched, and the almost is northern shrimp. Two kind traps were almost the same in catches and length composition. In accordance with these result, it is recommended that the developed traps are have to commercialized because the fishing powers of PE traps and PBS traps were same. But biodegradation speed is have to controled in consideration of ocean microorganism volume and traps life.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.88-93
• /
• 2003

NIR spectroscopic analysis was used for the measurement of deproteinization and deacetylation to apply the merits of NIR spectroscopic analysis to the quality management in the process of chitin and chitosan production. In measuring squid pen and red snow crab shell, which are raw materials of chitin and chitosan by NIR there were typical peaks in 1200 nm, 1510 nm, 2050 nm and 2180 nm. Squid pen had somewhat higher peak than red snow crab shell. In producing chitin, amount of protein was decreased. Measuring it by NIR, reduction of protein caused by deproteinization was identified in producing chitin. Chitosan is a derivative material made from chitin by processing the deacetylation. During this processing, acetyl groups were removed and amide bends were appeared. From NIR spectra, peaks at 1530 nm and 2030 nm indicated amide II peak of chitosan, and these peaks were used for identifying the differences of structure between chitin and chitosan. The error in measurement of nonidentified sample was below $1\%$ and the error in the standard curve was below 0.006. These errors were very low and the accuracy of NIR was considered to be superior to the existing methods.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제47권5호
• /
• pp.637-644
• /
• 2014

Two Chionoecetes crabs, C. opilio and C. japonicus are primary targets of trap fisheries in the East Sea. To promote the sustainable management of these species, we investigated their reproductive biology and spatial distribution based on samples collected in standardized traps in the coastal waters of eastern Korea from September 2007 to August 2008. The estimated spawning season of C. opilio was March-April, whereas that of C. japonicus continued year-round. The estimated molting period of both species was September-October. Fecundity of C. opilio was proportional to female, size, ranging from 44,791 to 151,538 eggs, and the estimated body size at 50% sexual maturity was 63.9 mm carapace width. Egg bearing female C. opilio were mostly collected depths of 200-300 m, particularly off Hupo and Chuksan, suggesting that these areas are their major spawning grounds. In contrast, female C. japonicus were mostly collected at depths of 400-600 m, peaking at 600 m. The species-specific catch rate was higher for C. opilio above 400 m, similar at ca. 450 m, and higher for C. japonicus below 500 m. These vertical differences indicate apparent spatial segregation of the species, suggesting that spatially-explicit fisheries management plans may be necessary for mitigating conflicts between the respective crab fisheries and maintaining these crabs.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.397-400
• /
• 1995

Chitosan 용액의 물성학적 특성을 조사하기 위하여 chitosan 용액의 점도에 미치는 전단속도, 온도, 농도 및 염의 영향을 조사한 결과, chitosan 용액$(0.5\%)$의 유동곡선은 hysteresis loop가 나타나는 Bingham 유체와 일치하였고, $10^{\circ}C-40^{\circ}C$에서 Arrhenius 온도의존성을 나타내었다$(2\%,\;2.5\%,\;3\%\;chitosan$ 용액). 활성화 에너지는 3.25-8.35(kcal/g mol)로 전단속도가 높을수록 그리고 농도가 높을수록 증가하였다. Chitosan 용액의 겉보기점도는 농도가 증가할수록 지수적으로 증가하였고, 측정 온도가 높을수록 농도의존성은 낮았다. 한편 chitosan용액에 염을 첨가하였을 때 점도감소현상이 나타났으며, 염농도가 높아짐에 따라 점도의 감소폭은 줄어들었다 염의 종류에 따른 점도변화는 없었다

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.395-398
• /
• 1999

Chitosan을 이용하여 필름을 제조하여 chitosan의 탈아세틸화도와 분자량, chitosan의 농도, pH등에 따른 chitosan 필름의 인장강도, 인장율 및 수분 투과도 등을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. Chitosan 조제조건으로는 $47\%$ NaOH로 $130^{\circ}C$에서 3시간이상 처리시켰을 때 탈아세틸화도의 변화는 적은데 비해 분자량의 감소는 크게 나타나 상업적으로 이용시 3시간 이하로 처리하는 것이 바람직하였다. Chitosan의 탈아세틸화도, 분자량, pH, 농도에 따른 필름의 인장강도, 인장율 및 수분 투과도의 결과는 탈아세틸화도가 높아짐에 따라 인장강도, 인장율, 수분 투과도 등은 감소하였으며, 분자량이 적어짐에 따라 인장강도, 인장율, 수분 투과도등은 감소하는 것으로 조사되었다. pH가 높아짐에 따라 인장강도와 수분 투과도는 감소하였으나 인장율에 있어서는 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 chitosan 농도가 높아짐에 따라 인장율과 수분 투과도는 감소하였으나 인장강도는 증가하는 것으로 조사되었다.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제54권4호
• /
• pp.315-323
• /
• 2018

Fossil fuel combustion during fishing activities is a major contributor to climate changes in the fishing industry. The Tier1 methodology calculation and on-site continuous measurements of the greenhouse gas were carried out through the use of fuel by the coastal and offshore gillnet (blue crabs and yellow croaker) and trap (small octopus and red snow crab) fishing boats in Korea. The emission comparison results showed that the field measurements are similar to or slightly higher than the Tier1 estimates for coastal gillnet and trap. In offshore gillnet and trap fisheries, Tier1 estimate of greenhouse gases was about $1,644-13,875kg\;CO_2/L$, which was more than the field measurement value. The $CO_2$ emissions factor based on the fuel usage was $2.49-3.2kg\;CO_2/L$ for coastal fisheries and $1.46-2.24kg\;CO_2/L$ for offshore fisheries. Furthermore, GHG emissions per unit catch and the ratio of field measurement and Tier1 emission estimate were investigated. Since the total catch of coastal fish was relatively small, the emission per unit catch in coastal fisheries was four to eight times larger. The results of this study could be used to determine the baseline data for responding to changes in fisheries environment and reducing greenhouse gas emission.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.45-50
• /
• 1992

폐기되고 있는 수산부산물을 유효하게 이용하여 식품산업의 학술적 자료를 얻을 목적으로 6종의 갑각류의 갑각을 회수하여 키틴, 키토산 및 미세결정화키틴을 제조하여 이들 성간의 기능특성에 대해 검토하였다. 제조된 키틴, 키토산 및 미세결정화키틴들의 겉보기체적, 수중침정체적, 보수력 및 지방흡수력은 각각 $3.1\pm0.1-27.0\pm0.2ml/g,\;5.1\pm0.1-45.0\pm0.2ml/g,\;318\pm40-2,382\pm12g/100g$ 및 $235\pm20-2,169\pm20g/100g$의 범위였고 크릴껍질로 만든 키틴과 키토산의 겉보기체적, 수중침정체적, 보수력 및 지방흡수력이 가장 컸다 키틴과 키토산은 유화성이 없었고 미세결정화키틴만이 유화성이 있었다. 5종의 미세결정화키틴의 유화성은 $18.2\pm4.0-50.1\pm2.5\%$, 유화 안정성은 $15.2\pm3.5-31.1\pm1.0\%$의 범위였다. 색소흡착능은 붉은대게의 각피로 제조된 미세결정화키틴이 가장 좋았다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.392-396
• /
• 1995

Chitosan의 탈아세틸화도와 분자량에 미치는 chitosan 제조조건의 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 탈아세틸화 과정에서 NaOH 농도가 높을수록 탈아세틸화는 많이 일어났으나 $40\%$ 이상의 농도에서는 농도가 증가할수록 탈아세틸화의 증가폭은 감소하고, 분자량의 감소폭은 줄어들지 않았다. 가열온도를 $130^{\circ}C$ 에서 $150^{\circ}C$로 증가시켰을 때 탈아세틸화도는 $84\%$에서 $87\%$로 $3\%$ 정도 증가한 반면 분자량은 267,000에서 85,800로 $90^{\circ}C$에서 $130^{\circ}C$로 증가하였을 때의 분자량 감소폭보다 크게 나타났다. 그리고 3시간 이상 연속 알칼리처리하여도 $86\%$ 이상의 탈아세틸화도를 얻지 못하였지만 간헐적으로 수세하여 처리한 경우 3회 처리하였을 때 $93\%$의 탈아세틸화가 일어났다. 연속으로 3시간 처리했을 경우 탈아세틸화도는 $84\%$이었고, 분자량은 267,000이었으나 간헐반복처리로 3시간처리 했을 때는 탈아세틸화도가 $93\%$, 분자량은 280,000으로 연속처리 한 경우보다 더 높았다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.222-230
• /
• 2016

국내 심해 저서환경의 접근 한계로 서식생물과 인근환경 연구를 위한 정밀채집이 불가능하였으나, 6,000 미터급 심해 무인잠수정 해미래의 개발로 가능성이 열렸다. 활용가능성 확인을 위해, 2015년 6월에 2주간 동해에서 연구선 온누리호와 무인잠수정 해미래를 이용하여 울릉분지와 후포퇴 사면의 8개 정점에서 심해 종합해양연구를 국내최초로 수행하였다. 수심 범위가 194~2,080m인 조사해역에서 총 10회 잠수를 수행하였고, 잠수시간은 운용조건에 따라 약 1~6시간 소요되었다. 조사 결과, 1) 주요 심해 해저면의 실제 영상, 2) 주요 수산자원인 홍게류의 서식밀도 및 미기록 생물종을 포함한 심해생물상 자료, 3) 해저협곡의 경사면 등 특이 지형 확인, 4) 압력주상채니기를 이용한 퇴적물 주상시료 채집, 5) 육상폐기물 해양 투기현황을 확인 및 획득하였다. 본 탐사결과 심해 저서환경 및 생물의 직접관찰 및 채집이 가능함을 확인하였다.