• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.448-459
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• 2006

This study was conducted to develop a optimal composite recipe of a functional cookie including Red Ginseng powder and having the high preference to all age groups. Wheat flour was partially substituted by Red Ginseng powder to reduce the content of wheat flour. The sensory optimal composite recipe was produced by making iced cookies, with 5 levels of Red Ginseng $powder(X_1),\;sugar(X_2),\;butter(X_3)$, respectively, by C.C.D(Central Composite Design) and by conducting the sensory evaluation and the instrumental analysis by Response Surface Methodology(RSM). The results of sensory evaluation showed very significant values in color, appearance, texture, overall quality(p<0.05), flavor(p<0.01) and those of instrumental analysis showed significant values in lightness, redness(p<0.05), spread ratio, hardness(p<0.01). As a result, sensory optimal ratio of Red Ginseng cookie was calculated at Red Ginseng powder 25.4 g, sugar 147.1 g, butter 153.4 g.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.171-183
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• 2011

This research is to figure out the manufacture proper1ies and the effect of adding red ginseng powder into cookies. When adding red ginseng powder into wheat, there was no significant change in moisture content while the amount of WRC and AWFC increased significantly. In the manufacturing and quality characteristics, there was no noticeable change in thickness and spreadability. Also, wheat cookies containing red ginseng powder didn't show significant differences either and the control plot had the biggest diameter. The change of chromaticity showed that L-value and b-value seemed to significantly decrease while a-value increased a lot In other words, the more ginseng powder was added, the darker its external colour became. In the organic characteristics, the control plot showed the best result in volume, crust, top grain and in almost every part. The volume had the most satisfying result with 6% of red ginseng powder added, and there was not much difference among the groups added with red ginseng powder. Generally, adding up tp 12% of ginseng powder was found best when making cookies.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.365-372
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Owing to health concerns related to the consumption of traditional snacks high in sugars and fats, much effort has been made to develop functional snacks with low calorie content. In this study, a new recipe for Korean rice cookie, dasik, was developed and its antioxidative, lipid-lowering, and anti-inflammatory effects and related mechanisms were elucidated. The effects were compared with those of traditional rice cake dasik (RCD), the lipid-lowering effect of which is greater than that of traditional western-style cookies. MATERIALS/METHODS: Ginseng-added brown rice dasik (GBRD) was prepared with brown rice flour, fructooligosaccharide, red ginseng extract, and propolis. Mice were grouped (n = 7 per group) into those fed a normal AIN-76 diet, a high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD supplemented with RCD or GBRD. Dasik in the HFD accounted for 7% of the total calories. The lipid, reactive oxygen species, and peroxynitrite levels, and degree of lipid peroxidation in the plasma or liver were determined. The expression levels of proteins involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation, and those of antioxidant enzymes were determined by western blot analysis. RESULTS: The plasma and hepatic total cholesterol concentrations in the GBRD group were significantly decreased via downregulation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (P < 0.05). The hepatic peroxynitrite level was significantly lower, whereas glutathione was higher, in the GBRD group than in the RCD group. Among the antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly upregulated in the GBRD group (P < 0.05). In addition, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-${\kappa}B$) expression in the GBRD group was significantly lower than that in the RCD group. CONCLUSIONS: GBRD decreases the plasma and hepatic cholesterol levels by downregulating cholesterol synthesis. This new dasik recipe also improves the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory status in HFD-fed mice via CAT and GPx upregulation and NF-${\kappa}B$ downregulation. These effects were significantly higher than those of RCD.