• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.23-27
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• 2017

Background and Objectives: Gastric acid reflux is known to be the most important cause of contact granuloma. Therefore, anti-gastric acid reflux medication has been used as the first line treatment although there are other treatment methods such as surgery or steroid injections. Actually, the role of surgery in the treatment of contact granuloma has not been established clearly. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical treatment for contact granuloma. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 14 patients who were diagnosed with contact granuloma and treated with surgery from 2011 to July 2016 at Hanyang University hospital. Results: Of 14 patients, 9 (64.3%) were male and 5 (27.4%) were female. The mean age was 53.8 (${\pm}6.1$) years. The main symptoms were voice change followed by globus, dyspnea, and asymptomatic. Mean Reflux Finding Score (RFS) before surgery was 13.5 and mead Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) was 10.4. The causes of surgery were inadequate response to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) in 4 cases, airway obstruction with large granuloma in 8 cases, and differential diagnosis in 2 cases. Of 14 patients, recurrence occurred in 8 (53.3%) patients after surgery. In 8 recurrent cases, 5 patients showed complete remission and 3 patients showed partial remission with PPI medication. Conclusion: The role of surgery in the treatment of contact granuloma might be limited due to high recurrence rate.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.740-747
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• 2014

Background Autologous fat graft has become a useful technique for correction of acquired contour deformity in reconstructed breasts. However, there remains controversial regarding the efficacy and safety of the practice for reconstructive breast surgery. Methods A retrospective review was performed on 102 patients who had secondary fat grafting after breast reconstruction. Fat harvest, refinement and injection were done by Coleman's technique. All patients were followed up postoperatively within 1 month and after 6 months including physical examination and ultrasonography. In 38 patients, the reabsorption rate was calculated by serial changes of thickness between skin and pectoral fascia in the ultrasonic finding. Locoregional recurrence rate was compared with control group of 449 patients who had breast reconstruction without fat graft in the same time period. Results Average 49.3 mL fat was injected into each breast. The most common location of fat graft was upper pole, followed by axilla, lower and medial breasts. During 28.7 months of average follow-up period, 2.9% of total patients had symptoms of palpable mass on fat graft side and ultrasonography identified fat necrosis and cyst formation in 17.6% of the patients. Calculated fat reabsorption rate was 32.9%. Locoregional recurrence was occurred in 1 patient (0.9%) and the rate was not different significantly with control group (2%). Conclusions Although further studies are required to provide surgeons with definitive guidelines for the implementation of fat grafting, we propose autologous fat graft is an efficient and safe technique for secondary breast reconstruction.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.4909-4913
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• 2014

Malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCT) are rare neoplasms that most frequently occur in women at a young reproductive age. There have been limited data regarding this disease from Southeast Asian countries. We therefore conducted a retrospective study to analyze the clinical characteristics and the treatment outcomes of MOGCT treated at our institute between January, 2003 and December, 2012. Seventy-six patients were recruited from this period with the mean age of 21.6 years and 11.8% were pre-puberty. The two most common symptoms were pelvic mass and pelvic pain. Two-thirds of the studied patients presented at an early stage. The most common histology was immature teratoma (34.2%) followed by endodermal sinus tumor (28.9%), dysgerminoma (25%), mixed type (10.5%) and choriocarcinoma (1.3%). Over 80% of these patients received fertility sparing surgery and about 70% received adjuvant chemotherapy with the complete response rate at 73.3% and partial response at 11.1%. The most frequent chemotherapy was BEP regimen (bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin). With the mean follow up time at 56.0 months, 12 patients (15.8%) developed recurrence and only an advanced stage was the independent prognostic factor. The ten year progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival rate of our study were 81.9% and 86.2%, respectively. In conclusion, MOGCT often occurs at a young age. Treatment with fertility sparing operations and adjuvant chemotherapy with a BEP regimen showed a good outcome. An advanced stage is a significant prognostic factor for recurrence.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.391-395
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• 2000

Malignant tumors of the maxilla represent about 3-4% of head and neck malignant neoplasm and the origins are maxillary gingiva, hard palate and maxillary sinus. We are to investigate clinical features and results according to various treatment modalities of maxillary malignant tumor to get information for better treatment results. Sixty patients with malignant maxillary tumors treated at Yonsei medical center from 1992 to 1997 were studied retrospectively. They are evaluated according to clinical signs & symptoms, stages at first diagnosis, primary site, histopathologic features, treatment method, recurrence and survival rate with clinical records, biopsy results and CT radiograph. The most common primary site was maxillary sinus and most common histopathology was squamous cell carcinoma. The local recurrence rate was 18% at 5 years, neck failure was 3% and distant metastasis was 18%. Overall survival rate was 78% at 2 years and 69% at 5 years. Failure at primary site is the main problem in the curative treatment. So, to improve survival in these patients efforts should be directed toward improvement of local control.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.6067-6072
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• 2012

Background: Breast cancer in developing countries is on the rise. There are currently no guidelines to screen women at risk in India. Since mammography in the western world is a well-accepted screening tool to prevent late presentation of breast cancer and improve mortality, it is intuitive to adopt mammography as a screening tool of choice. However, it is expensive and fraught with logistical issues in developing countries like India. Materials and Methods: Our breast cancer screening camp was done at a local district hospital in India after approval from the director and administrators. After initial training of local health care workers, a one-day camp was held. Clinical breast examination, mammograms, as well as diagnostic evaluation with ultrasound and fine needle aspiration biopsy were utilized. Results: Out of total 68 women screened only 2 women with previous history of breast cancer were diagnosed with breast cancer recurrence. None of the women in other groups were diagnosed with breast cancer despite suspicious lesions either on clinical exam, mammogram or ultrasound. Most suspicious lesions were fibroadenomas. The average cost of screening women who underwent mammography, ultrasound and fine needle aspiration was $30 dollars, whereas it was $16 in women who had simple clinical breast examination. Conclusions: Local camps act as catalysts for women to seek medical attention or discuss with local health care workers concerns of discovering new lumps or developing breast symptoms. Our camp did diagnose recurrence of breast cancer in two previously treated breast cancer patients, who were promptly referred to a regional cancer hospital. Further studies are needed in countries like India to identify the best screening tool to decrease the presentation of breast cancer in advanced stages and to reduce mortality.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.287-297
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• 1984

The normal intracranial structures are relatively resistant to therapeutic radiation, but may react adversely in a variety of ways, and the damage to nerve tissue may be slow in making its appearance, and once damage has occured the patient recovers slowly and incompletly. Therefore, it is important to consider the possibility of either recurrent tumor or late adverse effect in any patient who has had radiotherapy. The determination o( rnorphological/pathological correlation is very important to the therapeutic radiologist who uses CT scans to define a treatment volume, as well as to the clinician who wishes to explain the patient's clinical state in terms of regress, progression, persistence, or recurrence of tumor or radiation-induced edema or necrosis, The authors are obtained as following results ; 1. The field size(whole CNS, large, intermediate, small field) was variable according to the location and extension of tumor and histopathologic diagnosis, and the tatal tumor dose was 4,000 to 6,000 rads except one of recurred case of 9,100 rads. The duration of follow up CT scan was from 3 months to 5 year 10 months. 2, The histopathologic diagnosis of 9cases were glioblastoma multiforme(3 cases), pineal tumor (3), oligodendroglioma (1), cystic astrocytoma (1), pituitary adenoma (1) and their adverse effects after radiation therapy were brain atrophy (4 cases) , radiation necrosis(2), tumor recurrence with or without calcification (2), radiation·induced infarction (1). 3. The recurrent symptoms after radiation therapy of brain tumor were not always the results of regrowth of neoplasm, but may represent late change of irradiated brain. 4. It must be need that we always consider the accurate treatment planning and proper treatment method to reduce undesirable late adverse effects in treatment of brain tumors.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.75 no.4
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• pp.165-169
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• 2013

An inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare disease entity reported to arise in various organs. It is thought to be a neoplastic or reactive inflammatory condition, controversially. The treatment of choice for myofibroblastic tumor is surgery, and recurrence is known to be rare. The optimal treatment method is not well-known for patients ineligible for surgery. We report a 47-year-old patient with aggressive recurrent IMT of the lungs. The patient had been admitted for an evaluation of back-pain two years after a complete resection of pulmonary IMT. Radiation therapy was performed for multiple bone recurrences, and the symptoms were improved. However the patient presented again with aggravated back-pain six months later. High-dose steroid and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were administered, but the disease progressed aggressively, resulting in spinal cord compression and metastasis to intra-abdominal organs. This is a very rare case of aggressively recurrent pulmonary IMT with multi-organ metastasis.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.275-279
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• 2018

A brain abscess is caused by an infection in the central nervous system and leads to significant neurological sequelae. Despite advances in neurocritical care, high morbidity and mortality rates are still associated with brain abscess, especially in certain high-risk patients. Thus, a brain abscess is a medical emergency requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment with antibacterial therapy. However, the recurrence of brain abscess is rare. A 59-year-old man presented at our neurology clinic with a headache and was found to have chronic otitis media. Serial brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the patient demonstrated a brain abscess in the right frontal lobe. Following stereotactic aspiration of the brain abscess and proper antimicrobial treatment, the patient recovered completely. Five months after discharge, the patient revisited our clinic with a headache and seizure symptoms, and recurrence of the brain abscess was confirmed by brain MRI. Recurrent brain abscess has been documented in patients with predisposing conditions such as retained foreign bodies, chronic sinusitis, arteriovenous fistula, and right-to-left shunt.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.299-306
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• 1988

We have reviewed 330 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax from Jan. 1980 to Jul. 1987 at the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University. The ratio of male to female was 8.4:1, predominant in male. The incidence according to the age group was highest as 32% in the adolescence between 21 and 30 years old. The site of pneumothorax was right in 48%, left in 45% and bilateral in 7%. The initial symptoms were frequently dyspnea in 85%, chest pain in 63%. The etiologic factors were as follows; bleb origin in 31%, tuberculous origin in 30%, COPD in 3.3%, lung cancer in 1.5%, unknown in 29%. There was no significant difference in seasonal incidence irrespective of tuberculous or sex. The employed managements were as follows; bed rest with oxygen inhalation in 4 cases, closed thoracostomy in 326 cases, open thoracotomy in 122 cases, median sternotomy in 23 cases. The operative procedures at thoracotomy were as follows; simple pleurodesis in 5 cases, bleb excision or wedge resection in 113 cases, segmentectomy or lobectomy in 17 cases, decortication in 42 cases. Recurrence rate of each treatment was as follow; 50% in conservative treatment, 19% in closed thoracostomy, 2% in open thoracotomy, 4% in median sternotomy. Therefore overall recurrence rate was 12%. Open thoracotomy was the most effective procedure in recurrent pneumothorax, previous contralateral pneumothorax, bilateral simultaneous pneumothorax, visible bleb or bullae on the chest x-ray and persistent air leakage. 23 cases of unilateral spontaneous pneumothorax was examined whether or not underlying pathology of pneumothorax at opposite lung. 18 cases[78%] were positive findings. Therefore, bilateral thoracotomy by median sternotomy was a good operative method preventing contralateral pneumothorax.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.102-104
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• 2004

Inflammatory myofibroblastoma is a solid tumor, occurring mainly to children and young adults, and occupying 0.7% of total isolated pulmonary nodules. Since 1973, several cases about inflammatory myofibroblastoma have been reported. Firstly, this tumor was found in lungs. Then, tumors have been founded and reported in mesentery or cardioesophageal region. Histologically, this tumor can be classified as a benign tumor. However, since this tumor has two characteristics showing malignancy, that is, local invasion and recurrence, malignancy can not be completely excluded. Recently, a patient with pulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastoma underwent surgical resection without any signs or symptoms of recurrence.