• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.289-293
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• 1988

방사선 치료는 악성 종양의 치료에서 국소 치료의 효과를 높이기 위한 수술 전후의 보조치료로서, 혹은 수술 불가능한 암, 잔여암, 또는 재발암의 치료로서 널리 사용되어 왔으며 외부 방사선 치료, 동위원소를 사용한 자입치료 등에 의한 장기간의 국소 치료효과 및 증상의 호전에 대한보고는 많다. 그러나 수술전후의 방사선 요법과 수술을 병행한 직장암 환자에서의 치료후의 재발은 외과적 치료가 대부분에서 불가능하여 외부 방사선 요법, 화학요법 등이 증상판화의 목적으로 사용되어 왔으나 강내 조사의 보고는 거의 없다. 영남대학교 치료방사선과에서는 수술전 경사에서 수술 불가능으로 판명되어 수술전 방사선 치료를 받은 후 개복 하였으나 절제가 불가능하였던 환자에서 발생한 누도(fistula tract)를 따라 재발된 직장암 환자에서 강내 치료를 실시하여 매우 빠른 증세의 호전을 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.100-110
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• 2017

Objective: The gastrointestinal tract of sheep contain complex microbial communities that influence numerous aspects of the sheep's health and development. The objective of this study was to analyze the composition and diversity of the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract sections (rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, and rectum) of sheep. Methods: This analysis was performed by 454 pyrosequencing using the V3-V6 region of the 16S rRNA genes. Samples were collected from five healthy, small tailed Han sheep aged 10 months, obtained at market. The bacterial composition of sheep gastrointestinal microbiota was investigated at the phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species levels. Results: The dominant bacterial phyla in the entire gastrointestinal sections were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria. In the stomach, the three most dominant genera in the sheep were Prevotella, unclassified Lachnospiraceae, and Butyrivibrio. In the small intestine, the three most dominant genera in the sheep were Escherichia, unclassified Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcus. In the large intestine, the three most dominant genera in the sheep were Ruminococcus, unclassified Ruminococcaceae, and Prevotella. R. flavefaciens, B. fibrisolvens, and S. ruminantium were three most dominant species in the sheep gastrointestinal tract. Principal Coordinates Analysis showed that the microbial communities from each gastrointestinal section could be separated into three groups according to similarity of community composition: stomach (rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum), small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), and large intestine (cecum, colon, and rectum). Conclusion: This is the first study to characterize the entire gastrointestinal microbiota in sheep by use of 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing, expanding our knowledge of the gastrointestinal bacterial community of sheep.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 1986

1983년부터 1986년까지 약 3년간 영남대학병원에서 검사한 대장 직장암에 대해 조사한 결과 는 다음과 같다. 1. 호발연령은 60대이고 남녀비는 1.6:1이었다. 2. 발생부위별로 보면 직장이 65%를 차지하였다. 3. 주된 증상은 우측 결장경우 통증, 종물촉지, 배변습성의 변화의 순서로 많았고 좌측 결장 경우 통증, 배변습성의 변화, 혈변의 순서로 많았고 직장은 혈변, 배변습성의 변화, 통증의 순서였다. 4. 유병기간은 1~3개월이 가장 많았다. 5. 가장 흔한 조직학적 유형은 선암이었고 분화도는 고도의 분화도를 가진 경우와 중등도의 분화도를 가진 경우가 비슷하게 많았다. 6. 종양의 단체별 분류에서 Duke C가 가장 많았다. 7. 수술방법은 Mile씨 수술이 가장 많았다. 8. 합병된 대장 직장의 병변으로는 용종이 많았다. 9. 수술 합병증은 창상감염이 많았다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권22호
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• pp.9985-9996
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• 2014

Background and Aim: Laparoscopic and open rectum surgery for rectal cancer remains controversial. This systematic review compared the short-term and long-term efficiency and complications associated with laparoscopic and open resection for rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Knowledge and the China Biology Medicine Database to identify potential randomized controlled trials from their inception to March 31, 2014 without language restriction. Additional articles were identified from searching bibliographies of retrieved articles. Two reviewers independently assessed the full-text articles according to the pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria as well as the methodological quality of included trials. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2. Results: A total of 16 randomized controlled trials involving 3,045 participants (laparoscopic group, 1,804 cases; open group, 1,241 cases) were reviewed. Laparoscopic surgery was associated with significantly lower intraoperative blood loss, earlier return of bowel movement and reduced length of hospital stay as compared to open surgery, although with increased operative time. It also showed an obvious advantage for minimizing late complications of adhesion-related bowel obstruction. Importantly, there were no significant differences in other postoperative complications, oncological clearance, 3-year and 5-year or 10 year recurrence and survival rates between two procedures. Conclusions: On the basis of this meta-analysis we conclude that laparoscopic surgery has advantages of earlier postoperative recovery, less blood loss and lower rates of adhesion-related bowel obstruction. In addition, oncological outcome is comparable after laparoscopic and open resection for rectal cancer.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2003

비특이적인 위장관 징후나 증상이 있는 환자를 우선적으로 초음파검사를 시행 해보면 결직장에 국한성 종괴나 분절성 벽비후 등을 묘출해 낼 수 있다. 저자들은 다양한 증례를 통하여 대장암의 초음파검사상 특징적인 소견과 유용성이 있는지를 살펴보았다. 대장조영촬영술을 실시하기 전 복부 초음파검사로 대장암 소견을 보여 수술로 확진된 11명과 타 병원에서 대장암으로 진단 받고 치료를 받고자 내원한 환자 40명을 중심으로 총 51명의 초음파검사 결과를 분석하였다. 대장암 발생부위는 결장 및 직장에서 27예(53%)로 가장 많았고, $40{\sim}50$대(60%)에서 암 발생율이 높았으며, 남녀 비율은 비슷했다. 초음파검사의 비교적 특징적인 소견은 부분적인 대장벽 비후 42예, 종괴형태 9예로 나타났다. 복부동통, 종괴, 배변습관의 변화 등 비특이적인 증상이 있는 환자에서 초음파검사로 대장암의 가능성이 있는 불규칙한 종괴나 분절성 벽비후를 쉽게 찾아 낼 수 있었다. 초음파검사는 고통이 없고 비침습적인 검사로서 내부장기의 검사를 하는데 유용하며, 복부검사 시 위장관을 포함하여 검사한다면 위장관 질환 등을 보다 조기에 발견할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.182-186
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• 2008

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that affects the large bowel. Its etiology remains controversial. However, an infectious or immunologic origin is considered the primary cause. The onset of UC is typically slow and insidious, but some patients may present acutely with symptoms mimicking infectious colitis. We report a case of ulcerative colitis mimicking acute hemorrhagic colitis at initial presentation. A 60-year-old man was referred to Yeungnam University Hospital for bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain. Sigmoidoscopy revealed mildly edematous mucosa in the rectum and hyperemic mucosa with petechiae in the sigmoid colon. The patient was treated with antibiotics for several days, and his symptoms improved. However, after one month, his bloody diarrhea relapsed. Follow-up sigmoidoscopy revealed mucosal friability in the rectum and sigmoid colon. He was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis, and his symptoms were improved with mesalazine and a steroid enema.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.4115-4121
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• 2015

Background: Colorectal cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death with half a million deaths per year. Incidence and mortality rates have demonstrated notable changes in Asian and African countries during the last few decades. In this study, we first aimed to determine the trend of colorectal cancer mortality rate in each Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) region, and then re-classify them to find more homogenous classes. Materials and Methods: Our study population consisted of 52 countries of Asia and North Africa in six IHME pre-defined regions for both genders and age-standardized groups from 1990 to 2010.We first applied simple growth models for pre-defined IHME regions to estimate the intercepts and slopes of mortality rate trends. Then, we clustered the 52 described countries using the latent growth mixture modeling approach for classifying them based on their colorectal mortality rates over time. Results: Statistical analysis revealed that males and people in high income Asia pacific and East Asia countries were at greater risk of death from colon and rectum cancer. In addition, South Asia region had the lowest rates of mortality due to this cancer. Simple growth modeling showed that majority of IHME regions had decreasing trend in mortality rate of colorectal cancer. However, re-classification these countries based on their mortality trend using the latent growth mixture model resulted in more homogeneous classes according to colorectal mortality trend. Conclusions: In general, our statistical analyses showed that most Asian and North African countries had upward trend in their colorectal cancer mortality. We therefore urge the health policy makers in these countries to evaluate the causes of growing mortality and study the interventional programs of successful countries in managing the consequences of this cancer.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.140-149
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• 1995

망상어, Ditrema temmincki 소화관의 형태 조직화학적인 특징은 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 체장에 대한 식도에서 항문까지의 소화관 길이의 비 (RLG)는 0.89정도이며, 소화관에는 식도와 담관 입구사이의 팽창부인 위(胃)가 없다. 소화관은 형태 조직화학적인 특징에 의하여 식도, 식도 - 장이행부, 전장, 중장, 후장, 장 - 직장 이행부, 직장, 직장 - 항문 이행부, 항문으로 나눌 수 있다. 점막주름은 직장에서 가장 복잡한 형태를 보이며, 근육층은 식도와 항문에서 발달된 상태를 나타낸다. 점막주름의 상피층은 식도 전방부에서는 입방세포로 구성되며, 나머지 부위 에서는 원주상피로 구성된다. 소화관에는 PAS 반응에 양성을 나타내는 배상세포와 다당류 흡수세포 (Polysaccharid Absorptive Cell)가 관찰되는데, 후자는 다당류 계통의 영양물질의 흡수기능을 가진다. 망상어 소화관에서 다당류 계통의 영양물질은 주로 후장부에서 흡수된다.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2003

The infection characteristics with scuticociliates at on-land rearing farms and hatcheries of flounder, Paralithys olivaceus was investigated during the year of 2001 by juvenile infection routes. When culture tanks for living food organisms such as chlorella, rotifer, and Artemia were searched, scuticocilates were detected both in live and dead rotifer, and at the dregs of culture tank bottoms at almost hatcheries. When rotifer infected with scuticocilates fed on fish larvae, lots of scuticocilate were inhabited at the bottom of fry rearing tanks. After feeding on scuticocilates-infected rotifer on fish larvae, first infection was detected at 10 days after bottom dwelling or 40 days old after hatching. By histopathological examination we confirmed the infection route of eyeball or brain contamination was that the ciliate worms digged through mouth and front part of the dosal fin cuticle, transferred into eyeball along the epithelium and muscle tissue, and reached finally into brain by the muscle and nerve tissue. The infection of internal organs was clarified into two routes. The first route was started from the infection at ventral and anal fin rays by the worms, and reached at the anus and rectum through the epithelium and muscle tissue. The second route was initiated from the infection at urinary organ and reached into the rectum epithelium cells, inner wall of intestine, abdominal cavity, pancreas, kidney, and pancreas. At seed production farms where fish larvae fed on scuticocilate-free rotifer, the worms were not detected not only at the food organisms culture tanks and juvenile rearing tanks but also larval flounder less than 7cm in total length.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.51-55
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• 2017

Purpose: Extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma (EOE) of the rectum is extremely rare: only three cases have been reported in the literature and none of these reports described their imaging findings in detail. Herein, we describe the tumor imaging and pathological features in detail. Materials and Methods: We report a case of rectal EOE in a 72-year-old female who received local excision and was provisionally diagnosed with a rectal submucosal spindle cell tumor. We used immunohistochemistry, histopathology, and fluorescence in situ hybridization to characterize the tumor and provide a definitive diagnosis of EOE. Results: MRI revealed a well-demarcated submucosal tumor with heterogeneous enhancement and hemorrhagic foci in rectum. EOE was diagnosed by positive staining of tumor cells for CD99 and Fli-1 by immunohistochemistry and the presence of the EWSR1 gene translocation by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Although the patient underwent radiation treatment and surgery, the tumor recurred after 4 months as revealed by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion: Rectal EOE may present as a rectal submucosal tumor. The understanding of imaging and histological characteristics of this tumor are critical for accurate diagnosis and appropriate aggressive treatment.