• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.996-1007
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• 2007

This study was focused on recognitive reaction. The purposes of this study was to analyze the fashion brands through correlation analysis between top of mind, recall, recognition, impact index and consumer behavior, and to identify the graveyard brand, niche brand and core brand. 33 questions about 20 fashion brands were asked to 442 males and females from the middle school students to age of 40. Data were analyzed mean, standard deviation, frequency, and correlation by using SPSS 12.0. The results were as follows: 1. Top of mind, recall and recognition affected recognizing the brands and including evoked setting, but it didn't lead the customer to purchase the brand. 2. Although top of the mind and recall are high, the percentage of purchasing the brand is relatively low if a consumer doesn't own the brand. 3. Brands 'B', 'L', 'PF', 'D' and 'BM' were represented as niche Brands which had high recognition and memory. 4. Brands 'TB', 'I', 'EN', 'ML', 'E' could be Graveyard brands that need special management. 5. Brands with the high impact index were 'A', 'T', 'I', 'C' and 'B'. These brands were recognized as the core brands by consumers.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.55-72
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate developmental trends in organization strategy for taxonomic and slot-fiber lists and category typicality, use of organization strategy in relation to developmental changes in category knowledge structure, emergent organization capacity and effects in category typicality on children's recall. Moreover, the influences of children's age, use of organization strategy, list types and category typicality on children's recap were figured out. The major results were as follows. 1. Children's recall use of organization strategy increased with age. That is, the older children performed better recap and used organization strategy on both list types than the younger children. 2. AU children performed recall and used organization strategy better for the slot-filler than taxonomic list. The 4-year-olds, however, demonstrated better recap and use of organization strategy for the slot-filler than taxonomic list. While the 6-year-olds and 8-year-olds showed no such differences. These findings were supported the view that script-based slot-filler categories have a strong influence on young children's memory performance. 3. At each age level, children showed higher level of recall and use of organization strategy for category typical than category atypical list. AU children received higher scores for the typical than atypical items on recap and use of organization strategy. 4. Children's age, use of organization strategy, list types, and category typicality of lists significantly predicted children's recap.58% of the variance of children's recap was explained by four variables.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.397-418
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• 2008

This research investigated differences of perception ratio and processes of memory reconstruction. To examine the differences in perception for positive or negative events related to individual subjective well-level, 199 participants were asked to report the perceived ratio of positive versus negative events for the provided event list. Also, recall differences of positive versus negative events were examined in relation to individual differences in happiness. Results partially supported the hypothesis that happy people perceive more positive stimulus in a given situation than less happy people. Happy people also showed more positive percentage in recalled events than actual ratio while unhappy people reported less positive recall percentage than actual ratio. These findings indicate existence of cognitive process that enhances positive or negative memory related to subjective well-being. Significant correlation between perceived ratio and recalled ratio further supports this proposition. Finally, theoretical implications of the present research and suggestions for future research were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.199-204
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• 2016

Objectives Although forgetfulness is a common complaint among menopausal depressed women, there is still a debate about the relationship between memory impairment and menopause. The aim of this study is to examine whether menopause is related to cognitive decline among women with depressive disorders. We hypothesized that postmenopausal depressed women show generally poorer performance than premenopausal depressed women on various cognitive function tests. Methods With a retrospective chart review, we identified a total of 87 female patients (45 premenopausal patients and 42 postmenopausal patients) who were hospitalized with depressive disorders from 2000 to 2016. Demographic and clinical variables and cognitive test results were compared between two groups. Results Education year is longer in premenopausal group than postmenopausal group whereas clinical characteristics (illness duration, recurrence, and symptom severity) and mean Intelligence Quotient (IQ) were similar between two groups. The postmenopausal group took longer time for Bender-Gestalt Test (BGT) recall, Trail Making Test (TMT)-A, and TMT-B than the premenopausal group. After controlling for age and education, significant difference was remained for BGT recall (p = 0.029). Conclusions Postmenopausal state may be related with decline of visuospatial memory function, in particular, among depressed female patients. Other areas of cognitive function including complex attention, verbal memory, auditory memory, and working memory might be interpreted while considering age and education level.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 1981

The phenomena of memory have been shown to come out early in life and to develop drastically for early childhood. Therefore, the purpose of this study were examine the development of memory of Korean children and also to see the memory span of Korean children. the subjects in this study were 80 children (male and female each 40 children) from age 3 to age 6. These subjects were devide into two age groups (3~4 age, 5~6 age). the stimulus materials were the numbers and the words. The numbers in this study were chosen from the number problems of WISC. The 42 words which consisted of two phonemes were selected. The number of items was 3 to 9 on the first through the last trial. altogether 14 trials, 7 trials for numbers and 7 trials for words, were given to each subject. Free recall method was sued. The following conclusions could be made. 1. The memory span of Korean early childhood increased as the age of the children increased. 2. The primacy effect was appeared when the age increased. Therefore, rehearsal was appeared as the age of the Korean early childhood increased.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.860-863
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• 1997

FCM(Fuzzy Cognitive Map) is a fuzzy signed directed graph for representing causal reasoning which has fuzziness between causal concepts. Authors have already proposed FCM-based fault diagnostic scheme. However, the previously proposed scheme has the problem of lower diagnostic resolution. In order to improve the diagnostic resolution, a new diagnostic scheme based on extended FCM which incorporates the concept of fuzzy number into FCM is developed in this paper. Furthermore, an enhanced TAM(Temporal Associative Memory) recall procedure and pattern matching scheme are also proposed.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.482-482
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• 2000

The essential requirements of neural network for human skill transfer are fast convergence, high storage capacity, and strong noise immunity. Bidirectional associative memory(BAM) suffering from low storage capacity and abundance of spurious memories is rarely used for skill transfer application though it has fast and wide association characteristics for visual data. This paper suggests generalization of classical BAM structure and new learning algorithm which uses supervised learning to guarantee perfect recall starting with correlation matrix. The generalization is validated to accelerate convergence speed, to increase storage capacity, to lessen spurious memories, to enhance noise immunity, and to enable multiple association using simulation work.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.61-74
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the short-term effects of bilateral masticatory training using an intraoral device on memory and concentration, which is an advanced form of Gochi, compared to the unilateral form with gum. Methods: Thirty young healthy participants (age, 16-30 years) were screened and randomly assigned to one of two sequences in a crossover design. The participants assigned to sequence A (n=15) performed bilateral mastication using an intraoral device with a total of 300 taps, followed by unilateral mastication using gum with the same number of repetitions and frequency, separated by a 7-day washout period. A reverse order was used for sequence B. The primary and secondary outcomes were the digit span test result and the symbol digit modality test and the word list recall results, respectively, which were conducted before and after each intervention. Results: Symbol digit modality test scores increased by 12.03±8.33 with bilateral mastication, which was significantly higher than that obtained with chewing gum (5.17 points;95% confidence interval: 0.99, 9.34; p<0.05). Changes in the digit span test and word list recall scores were not significantly different between the two groups. In the digit span test forward, symbol digit modality test, and word list recall test, bilateral mastication was not inferior to unilateral mastication in improving memory and concentration. Conclusions: Bilateral masticatory exercises using an intraoral device are not inferior to unilateral mastication with gum for improving memory in healthy young individuals. Further research is needed to determine the efficacy of bilateral masticatory training on cognitive function.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.41-64
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• 2016

In two experiments, we compared envy with admiration in attentional and motivational benefits. In addition, we tested whether individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) have consequences for emotion regulation. In Study 1, following WMC tasks, the participants were primed either with envy or with admiration through a recall task, in which they had to recall their own experiences about envy or admiration. The participants in the envy condition considered it more undeserved that another person had an advantage over them, than in the admiration condition. Additionally, in the envy condition, WMC was related to happiness, and anxiety was related to the motivation to study more. In contrast, there were no significant relationships between WMC, emotion and study hours in the admiration condition. Study 2 (N=43) found greater memory for the envy scenario in the envy condition than in the admiration and in the control condition. Additionally, there were significant relationships between WMC, anxiety and recall accuracy in the envy condition. However, these relations were not found in the admiration and in the control condition. Findings implicate that envy may play an important role in memory systems and that WMC is related to emotion regulation abilities.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.20
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• pp.225-240
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• 2010

Soon after joining the Canadian Confederation in 1867, the province of Quebec adopted the phrase Je me souviens ("As I recall") as its 'national' motto, although many Qu?b?cois do not remember today what they were supposed to memorize, as collective subject, when their government voted this motion. My thesis is that contrary to other countries which have a strong sense of history based on a secular tradition, this process was more complicated in Quebec - as if a collective memory loss lied at the heart of it's history. Through a rereading of Hubert Aquin's cult novel, Trou de m?moire (in its English translation Blackout), first published in 1968, I try to illustrate this paradox and to emphasize the heuristic functions of memory blanks, gaps and lapses in certain postmodern narratives, after the historical breakdown of "the great narratives" (Lyotard). In this perspective, the example of Quebec, through the voice of one of its more gifted yet controversial novelist, can be seen as emblematic of what happens when the mnemonic impossibility of rewriting history opens up new possibilities for writing fiction.