• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.183-195
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• 2024

Background: Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) has gained popularity in recent years and is indicated for a wide variety of shoulder pathologies. However, use of rTSA in patients with "weight-bearing" shoulders that support wheelchair use or crutches has higher risk. The aim of this study was to assess the results of rTSA in such patients. Methods: Between 2005 and 2014, 24 patients (30 shoulders) with weight-bearing shoulders were treated with rTSA at our unit. Patients had cuff arthropathy (n=21), rheumatoid arthritis (n=3), osteoarthritis (n=1), acute fracture (n=3), or fracture sequela (n=2). Postoperatively, patients were advised not to push themselves up and out of their wheelchair for 6 weeks. This study was performed in 2016, and 21 patients (27 shoulders) were available for a mean follow-up of 5.6 years (range, 2-10 years). The mean age at surgery was 78 years (range, 54-90 years). Results: Constant-Murley score improved from 9.4 preoperatively to 59.8 at the final follow-up (P=0.001). Pain score improved from 2/15 to 13.8/15 (P=0.001). Patient satisfaction (Subjective Shoulder Value) improved from 0.6/10 to 8.7/10 (P=0.001). Significant improvement in mean range of motion from 46° to 130° of elevation, 14° to 35° of external rotation, and 29° to 78° internal rotation was recorded (P=0.001). Final mean Activities of Daily Living External and Internal Rotation was 32.4/36. Only three patients showed Sirveaux-Nerot grade-1 (10%) glenoid notching and three grade 2 (10%). Conclusions: rTSA can be used for treatment of patients with weight-bearing shoulders. Such patients reported pain free movement, resumed daily activities, and high satisfaction rates.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.581-587
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• 2014

In this study we included 298 working women in Kangwon province to investigate the life style and eating habits related to constipation. The subjects were divided into 3 groups according to Roman II criteria as follows : normal, mild constipation and constipation groups. For the result, 48.4%, 42.7%, 27.2% and 28.6% of the subjects had constipation in the order of 20's, 30's, 40's, and 50's, respectively. Constipation group had low frequency of bowel movement per week and irregular visit to toilet compared to normal and mild constipation groups. There were higher percentage of people with reading habit while sitting on a toilet, in the constipation group compare to other groups. Constipation groups had difficulty having bowel movement when sleeping outside of their home. There was a significant difference in water consumption per day among the 3 groups. But there was no significant difference in the amount of meals consumed and the number of meals with snacks per day. For the food frequency, there was lower frequency of yogurt and vegetables consumption in the constipation group. But there was no difference in how to eat fruits. From these results, we concluded that in order to treat the constipation, it is recommended to take enough water and dietary fiber, and to have physical activities for the working women.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.21-30
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• 2016

Autonomia movement that emerged in Italy in the 1960s from workerist (operaismo) communism gives historical and discursive context to Manfredo Tafuri's famous criticism of ideology. His thesis on the death of architecture was a radical criticism of Keynesian intervention which was a strategy to cope with the Great Depression. For him, this capitalist development had taken away ideological prefiguration from architecture. At least Tafuri's this early intellectual phase was formed in the wake of magazine Contrapiano and Antonio Negri's influence. Tafuri almost entirely adapted Negri's thought on the importance of capitalist innovation that was uncovered by Keynes, Schumpeter, and Manheim and the periodization in modern history. When we read Tafuri's text with this concrete context, we can avoid being plunged into his abstruseness. On the other hand, 1980's Korea cannot understand Tafuri comprehensibly. 1980's situation to struggle to acquire democracy prescribed only one mode of reception of Tafuri's historiography in Korea. Tafuri's so-called pessimist view point could not satisfy student activists. They want to take intellectual means to sustain student movement and to secure political dynamics of protest. But at the same time they have anxiety to understand tafuri's thesis that they consider ad a critical theory for Korean Architecture. Double contexts of Tafuri's criticism of ideology bring to light to historicize both Tafuri's historiography itself and reception of his text in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.291-307
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• 2009

This study investigated global and local characteristics of eye movement while 30 college students read easy and difficult Korean texts. It was found that readers who read the difficult text fixated longer for about 217ms and made shorter saccades of about 3.7 characters while readers who read the easy one fixated for about 190ms and made saccades of about 4.8 characters. Single fixation times and gaze durations in the difficult text were longer than those in the easy one(227ms vs. 195ms; 266ms vs. 210ms). In both easy and difficult texts, the effects of word frequency and eojeol length were found. In addition, the differences in fixation times according to word frequency and length were larger in the difficult text.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.1243-1244
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• 2015

Finding solutions for the disabled is a major challenge for our society. In the case of a disability due to a malfunction of the nervous system, the origin may be accidental, genetic, or induced by environmental factors. This type of loss can cause loss or movement disorders (paraplegia, hemiplegia, quadriplegia, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, etc.) or malfunction of certain sensory functions (blindness, deafness, chronic pain, etc.). Many alternatives, more technology, have been imported to create interfaces between the human body and an artificial prosthesis in order to restore some functions of the human body. A wireless system, battery neurons probe was developed for one hand reading neural signals in the brain, and on the other hand also able to excite the neuron in the brain using a surface acoustic wave one ports (SAW) delay line reflection.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.71-77
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate postural control strategies on smart phone use during gait in over 50-year-old adults. Method: 8 elderly subjects (age: $55.5{\pm}3.29yrs$, height: $159.75{\pm}4.20cm$, weight: $62.87{\pm}8.44kg$) and 10 young subjects (age: $23.8{\pm}3.19yrs$, height: $158.8{\pm}5.97cm$, weight: $53.6{\pm}5.6kg$) participated in the study. They walked at a comfortable pace in a gaitway of ~8 m while: 1) reading text on a smart phone, 2) typing text on a smart phone, or 3) walking without the use of a phone. Gait parameters and kinematic data were evaluated using a three-dimensional movement analysis system. Results: The participants read or wrote text messages they walked with: slower speed; lesser stride length and step width; greater flexion range of motion of the head; more flexion of the thorax in comparison with normal walking. Conclusion: Texting or reading message on a smart phone while walking may pose an additional risk to pedestrians' safety.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.18-27
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• 2015

Many studies have shown that having perception of spatial information is important for air traffic control officer (ATCO) since it helps them understand the current situation and predict the situation it leads to. However, little or no research has been done to investigate if there is any difference at the levels of expertise in perceiving spatial information and predicting a prospective situation. This study investigates the difference between expert and novice ATCO groups in how accurately each group of ATCO perceive spatial information such as position, altitude, speed, and flying direction, and predicting such information they will encounter shortly. In completing a task to watch the movement of airplanes displayed on the computer monitor as a blip, the participants were asked to predict the position, speed, and the altitude of the aircraft in a minute by marking on the sector map. The results show that the expert group performed better in accuracy and had tendency to overestimate on position and altitude; however, no significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of reading a flying direction. Therefore reading a flying direction may not be a reliable indicator to judge expertise of ATCO. But the expert group shows better predicting performance by perceiving spatial information such as airplane's position and altitude with feeling on time. The study suggests that it is important to enhance perceptive skills in ATCO training in improving their expertise in predicting accuracy traffic situation, preventing from air collision, and improving productivity for more efficient air traffic flow. A further study on the relationship between the perception of spatial information and the sense of time in predicting future information and effectiveness as an independent factor would contribute to providing more insights into expertise of ATCOs.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1-16
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• 2003

This study seeks to find new strategies for the development of Tapgol Park and to identify Programs to promote this development. In addition, the study specifies the purpose and meaning of these efforts by revealing social aspects not apparent in the physical form of the site, and reading how these aspects influenced the development of Tapgol Park Because the focus of the study lies in reading cultural aspects of the site which have to be understood within the context of their social circumstances, the study drew materials from mass media such as newspapers and literary magazines, which best reflect these social aspects. Interpreting the over 100 you history of Tapgol Park in a cultural context, the study found a meaningful suggestion that such a small urban place located in a city forms a cultural identity in the course of communicating with its surrounding social situations. The change in the identity of Tapgol Park has been sensitive to changing social circumstances rather than the physical structure of the space. The original function of Tapgol Park as a traditional city park has gradually changed towards strengthening social functions, much like the character of an urban plaza. In the process of change the park developed a unique culture. This park culture, however, came not from the original design but from its close interactions with social circumstances changing over time. At the same time, the change in identity seen in Tapgol Park has not been fresh formed. It can be said that the inertia came into light with the potential powers under the place over the long history having been combined into the then social circumstances. In early 2002, the park re-opened, refurbished as one of the relics of the March 1st Movement. Investigating how cultural inertias that have been developing in various forms to date will change and be maintained in this new paradigm is an important assignment for researchers.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.481-503
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• 2010

In the present study, we examined global and local characteristics of eye movements while 17 Korean third-graders read a Korean story and an expository text. In story reading, children fixated for about 213ms at an eojeol(word cluster), made a forward saccade of about 3.6 characters to the next eojeol, and regressed backward at 30.8% on average. In expository text reading, children fixated for about 214ms at an eojeol, made a forward saccade of about 3.3 characters to the next eojeol, and regressed backward at 31% on average. In addition, the effects of eojeol length, word frequency and landing position were examined. The gaze duration in the long ejoels was longer than in the short eojeols. In a further analysis where the repeatedly used eojeols were excluded, the eojeol length effect appeared in the low-frequency words, but seemed to disappear in the high-frequency words. In terms of landing position, the eyes seemed to land near the center of an eojeol more frequently than on the boundaries. When the eyes landed at the boundary of an eojeol, the eyes tended to fixate the eojeol again.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.171-194
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to understand the current status of 'One Book, One City' community-wide reading campaign by analyzing the characteristics of the books selected during the past fifteen years. According to the lists of 'One Book, One City' Reading Promotions Projects' available from the website of the Library of Congress, the Center for the Books, a total of 1,037 books were selected by 2,220 'One Book' programs. Major findings are as follows: First, 278 books (26.8%) and 759 books (73.2%) were selected by more than two 'One Book' programs and one program, respectively; Second, three most popular books were To Kill a Mockingbird (chosen in 84 programs), Fahrenheit 451 (in 53 programs), and The Kite Runner (in 50 programs); Third, with the wide diffusion of 'One Book' campaigns, the selection of unique books by individual 'One Book' programs has increased, and the impact of the books selected by 'Seattle Reads' and 'One Book, One Chicago' has gradually decreased.