• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.155-170
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to have better data and to make efficient clinical reviews about children's growth based on two methods; X-ray of hand, and ultrasound of calcaneus. Methods : The study was composed of 100 patients(50 of boys and 50 of girls) who visited in department of pediatrics, O O university oriental hospital considering growth and their development. Bone age was measured by the TW3 method's RUS score in simple X-ray image of hand and bone density through ultrasonic image of calcaneus. To predict children's estimated height, their parent's height, bone age, and present height's percentile was measured. Results and Conclusions : 1. The bone age results from X-ray image of hand and ultrasonic image of calcaneus were correlated. Younger children have older bone age from hand's X-ray than the one from calcaneus's ultrasound. Older children have older bone age from calcaneus's ultrasound than one from hand's X-ray. 2. Predicted adult height by bone age(BH) of hand's X-ray and BH of calcaneus's ultrasound were correlated, but predicted adult height by inheritance(IH) was not correlated with others. 3. Bone age and predicted adult height were correlated with age, height, weight, BMI, and especially with age and height. 4. Measuring bone age by X-ray image of hand and ultrasonic image of calcaneus was simple and effective way of estimating children's growth and development.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.263-268
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• 2019

The $^3He$ proportional chamber is widely used for neutron measurement owing to its high neutron detection efficiency and simplicity for gamma-ray rejection. In general, the neutron and gamma-ray signals obtained from the $^3He$ proportional chamber can be easily separated by the difference in the pulse heights. However, for a high gamma-ray field, the gamma-ray signal cannot be precisely eliminated by the pulse height due to gamma-ray pulse pileup which causes the pulse height of gamma-ray pulse to increase and making the pulses due to neutrons and gamma rays indistinguishable. In this study, an improved algorithm for $n/{\gamma}$ discrimination using a parameter, which is the ratio of the rise time to the pulse height, is proposed. The $n/{\gamma}$ discrimination performance of the algorithm is evaluated by applying it to $^{252}Cf$ neutron signal separation from various gamma-ray exposure rate levels ranging 0.1-5 R/h. The performance is compared to that of the conventional pulse-height analysis method in terms of the gamma elimination ratio. The suggested algorithm shows better performance than the conventional one by 1.7% (at 0.1 R/h) to 70% (at 5 R/h) for gamma elimination.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 1990

An anatomical study was conducted in order to elucidate the development of primary and secondary ray in Robinia pseudoacacia L. The height of primary ray near pith decreases progressively toward periphery, while the width and number per unit area gradually increase, and then the height, width and number remain somewhat constant. Secondary ray originates from the segmentation of fusiform initials or division of the side or end of fusiform initials at the middle of the first growth layer. And after the height and width of secondary ray increases to some extent, it remains constantly.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.90-98
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• 1987

우리나라의 주요(主要)한 경제적수종(經濟的樹種)이고 조림수종(造林樹種)인 잣나무(Pinus koraiensis)와 낙엽송(Larix leptolepis) 재(材)에 대하여 합리적(合理的)인 이용(利用)을 도모하고 수질(水質)을 평가하기 위한 기초자료(基礎資料)를 얻기 위하여 본대학(本大學) 연습림(演習林)에서 생육(生育)한 조림목(造林木)을 대채(代採)하여 접선단면상(接線斷面上)에서의 방사조직(放射組織)의 높이와 수(數) 및 방추상방사조직(紡錘狀放射組織)의 높이를 측정(測定)하고 또한 횡단면상(橫斷面上)에서의 방사조직(放射組織)의 분포수(分布數)인 밀도(密度)와 폭(幅)을 측정(測定)하여 이들 방사조직지표치(放射組織指標値)의 상호간(相互間)의 관련성(關聯性)을 조사검토한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1) 일반적(一般的)으로 방사조직(放射組織)의 높이가 증가(增加)함에 따라 단위면적당(單位面積當) 방사조직(放射組織)의 수(數)와 밀도(密度)는 점차 감소되는 경향(傾向)이 있다. (2) 방사조직(放射組織)의 높이의 증가(增加)에 따라 방사조직(放射組織)의 폭(幅)의 변화(變化)는 수종(數種)에 따라 다르며 잣나무에서는 비례적(比例的)인 경향이 있으나 낙엽송에 있어서는 반비례적(反比例的)인 관계가 있다. (3) 방사조직(放射組織)의 높이의 증가(增加)에 따라 방추상방사조직(紡錘狀放射組織)의 높이는 어느 한도(限度)까지는 점차 증가(增加)되고 있으며 그 이후(以後)는 거의 일정(一定)한데 그 한도(限度)가 되는 방사조직(放射組織)의 높이는 잣나무에서는 6세포고(細胞高), 낙엽송에 있어서는 9세포고(細胞高) 정도이다. (4) 방추상방사조직(紡錘狀放射組織)의 높이와 방사조직(放射組織)의 수(數)와의 관계(關係)는 잣나무에서는 대체적(大體的)으로 양자(兩者)가 서로 반비례(反比例)하고 있으며 낙엽송에 있어서는 일정(一定)한 관계를 나타내지 않고 있다. 또한 방추상방사조직(紡錘狀放射組織)의 높이가 증가(增加)함에 따라 방사조직(放射組織)의 밀도(密度)와 폭(幅)은 양수종(兩樹種)모두 점차 감소되는 경향을 나타내고 있다. 5. 방사조직(放射組織)의 단위면적당(單位面積當)의 수(數)가 많아짐에 따라 방사조직(放射組織) 밀도(密度)는 점차 증가(增加)되는 비례적(比例的)인 관계가 있으며 또한 방사조직(放射組織)의 수(數)의 증가(增加)에 따라 그 폭(福)도 점차 증가되고 있으나 어느 일정치(一定値)에 달하면 그 이후부터는 거의 변동(變動)이 없는 안정(安定)된 경향을 나타내고 있다. (6) 일반적(一般的)으로 방사조직(放射組織)의 밀도(密度)가 커짐에 따라 방사조직(放射組織)의 폭(福)도 점차 증가되고 있다. 그러나 그 양자(兩者)의 관계는 잣나무에서보다도 낙엽송의 경우가 더욱 밀접한 관계를 나타내고 있다.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2008

많은 수치 정점 정보를 사용하지 않는 대신 기하의 높이 정보를 저장한 높이 맵을 사용하여 복잡한 표면을 표현하는 기법은 많이 연구되어 왔다. 하지만 단층으로 구성된 높이 맵은 표면으로부터의 각 위치 당 한 개의 높이 정보를 저장하고 있으므로 복잡하고 오목한 물체를 표현할 수 없다. 이 논문에서는 다층으로 구성된 높이 맵을 사용하여 단일 높이 정보로는 재구성할 수 없는 복잡한 물체를 정확하게 그리는 방법에 대하여 소개한다. 우리는 그리고자 하는 장면의 높이 값을 텍스처의 각 채널에 높이에 따라 순차적으로 저장한 다층 높이 맵의 높이 정보가 2채널 마다 쌍을 이루며 기하 블록을 구성하는 점에 착안하였다. 안전하고 정확한 광선 탐색은 다증 높이 맵의 1, 3번 째 채널은 높이의 최대값을 2, 4번 째 채널은 높이의 최소값을 사용하여 이미지 피라미드를 구성함으로써 이루어진다. 이런 구조에서의 광선 탐색은 선형 탐색에 기반 한 기존의 방식들이 스침각에서 화질이 현저히 낮아지는 문제를 개선하였으며 실시간에서 표현이 가능하다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.451-458
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• 2009

Anatomical comparison of 8 North American species of Abies was executed to provide taxonomic information. The species of eastern (balsam and Fraser fir) and western (Pacific silver, white, grand, subalpine, California red, and noble fir) were found to be separated on the basis of crystals and color of contents in ray parenchyma cells and ray height. In eastern species, crystals in ray parenchyma cells were absent and ray parenchyma cell contents were colorless to very light. These two eastern species were further characterized by the absence of uniseriate rays exceeding 25 cells in height. In western species, only subalpine fir had colorless to very light contents but the remaining five species have dark contents in ray parenchyma cells. Crystals were absent to extremely sparse in Pacific silver fir, somewhat frequent in noble fir, frequent in grand and California red fir, and very frequent in white fir. Uniseriate rays exceeding 25 cells in height were regularly found in grand and California red fir but absent in white and noble fir.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.11-18
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• 1986

The height of pillow was investigated from the ergonomics standpoint. The main concern of this research was to investigated the appropriate height of the pillow in lying on one's side. The infestigation in this study was administered to a sample of forty men who were similar to Korean standard body-build. The experiment was conducted under the awakening state. The experimental method was performed using ; 1) Sensuous test 2)Electromyogram survey 3) X-ray observation Sensuous test was performed using both a plain wood board and a slope wood board by jack to objectify. RESULTS : 1) By sensuous test, the height of pillow for the most comfortable state turned up 9.4±1.1cm in lying on one's side. 2) By electromyogram survey and X-ray observation, the numerical value was substantially confirmed well-grounded physiologically and anatomically. Ihope this research will be useful to establishing the suitable height of pillow for Korean.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.373-380
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• 1998

A considerable change observed in X-ray diffraction during the muscle contraction was that the movement of myosin head and conformational change of contractile monecules were occurred in the muscle contraction. Time slice requires tension peak after the onset of stimulation and the height of tension peak depends on the number of twitch cycle. The intensity of I$_{11}$, I$_{10}$, 143${\AA}$ reflection is measured with 5ms time resolution and is recorded in isometric tension. The peak height of I$_{11}$ and 143${\AA}$ intensity is changed after the onset of a stimulation I$_{i}$, and the length of twitch is shortened by successive twitches in the case of stimulation TI$_{i}$. On the other hand, the peak height of I$_{11}$ and 215${\AA}$ intensity starts to decrease at the 1st twitch and remains constant at low peak hight without appreciable recovery during the contraction term. In the case of uccessive twitch stimulation, the myosin heads of muscle are once moved from their resting position and never returned to their initial position.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1981

This study examined the radial variations in element demensions of mongolian oak (Quercus mongolica.), elm (Ulmus japonica.), maackia(Maackia amurensis.), castor aralia (Kalopanax pictus.) from pith outwards. Disks were cut from the d.b.h.(above 1.2m) of each species and specimen for tangential pore diameters, fiber length, ray height and width were taken from 1-3rd, 5th, 10th, 15th.............40th ring number from pith. The tangential pore diameters in the earlywood increased rapidly near the pith and then maintained almost constant or very gradually increased diameters in about 20th-30th ring number from pith. In the latewood, tangential pore diameters gradually increased from pith to outwards though the increment is smaller than in early wood. Radial variations of ray height and width maintained almost constant, gradually increased or rapidly increased diameters and then maintained almost constant from pith to outwards. Patterns of radial variations in the fiber length were almost coincident with patterns of earlywood pore diameters, and of ray height or width in Ulmus japonica and Maackia amurensis.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.191-199
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• 1991

This study has been conducted to investigate the developmental changes of cambial initials and their derivatives in relation to the growing girth of tree in Diosypros kaki and Firmiana simplex. In D. Kaki and F. simplex with typical storeyed cambium, increase in the girth of camium occurred by radial anticlinal division in general, however occasionally the increase was companied by pseudotransverse division. The length of fusiform initials, vessel member, and sieve tube member remained relatively constant throughout the secondary growth but that of fiber showed general tendancy to increase with growing girth of tree. During the girth increase of tree, height and number of ray remained constant in D. kaki, however in F. simplex, height of ray markedly decreased while the number of ray per unit area more or less increased. The secondary ray was originated from the segmentation or division of the side or end of fusiform initials.