• Title/Summary/Keyword: rationality

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Rationality of Passengers' Route Choice Considering Smart Card Tag Constraints : Focused on Seoul Metropolitan Subway Network (교통카드 Tag 제약을 반영한 통행자 경로선택에 대한 합리성 평가 연구 : 수도권 지하철 네트워크를 중심으로)

  • Lee, Mee Young;Nam, Doohee;Shim, Dae Young
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.14-25
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    • 2020
  • This research proposes a methodology to evaluate the rationality of passengers' route choice who make trips within Seoul metropolitan subway based on smart card data. The rationality of user route choice is divided into the degree of determinacy and similarity concepts as basic principle. Determinacy is the degree to which the route selected by the passenger is identical to the system optimal path. Similarity indicates the degree to which the route is similar to the system optimal path. The K-path search method is used for path enumeration, which allows for measurement of determinacy. To assess determinacy within similarity, transfer tag data of private operators is used. Consequently, the concept of similarity applied to the model is such that the passenger's path choice is identical to the path taken using the tag reader. Results show that the determinacy of appearance of the shortest path (K=1) is 90.4%, while the similarity of appearance as K=(2-10) is 7.9%, summing to 98.3%. This indicates that trips on the metropolitan subway network are being rationally explained. 1.7% of irrational trips are attributed to the unexplainable error term that occurs due to the diversity of passengers.

Why Genuine Luxury Brands Are Consumed? Counterfeits? Examining Consumer Identification

  • Suh, Hyunsuk
    • Asia Marketing Journal
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.69-102
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    • 2012
  • Owing to increased number of luxury brand users, both genuine and counterfeit luxury product consumption continues to increase every year. Luxury brand is defined as use or display of a particular branded products which brings the ownership prestige apart from its functional utility(Grossmand and Shapiro 1988). Some luxury brands have imitations sold in marketplace due to their popularity. These imitations or counterfeits have been jumping on the bandwagon of the upturn in sales of their originals. The purpose of our study is to understand consumer's underlying motives to consume luxury brands, genuine and or counterfeits. To do this, we propose functional theories of attitudes, decision-making styles, and life attitudes to form the determining causes for different consumption choices of luxury brands: genuine brands, counterfeit brands, both genuine and counterfeit brands, and no consumption on luxury brands types. In proposed causal pathways, we examine moderated effects of socio-psychological factors to further investigate if consumer profiles would exert influences in causal relationships. From the existing theories of functional attitudes: value-expressive and social-adjustive attitudes, we developed and introduced a new measure of rationality-consumptive attitude. From the existing eight decision-making characteristics of consumer styles inventory(CSI), three measures of high-quality, hedonic-shopping, and price-shopping styles were primarily applied in the study along with newly introduced measure of 'high-price' being added, which makes four total. Seven life attitude measures of life purpose, life control, will to meaning, goal seeking, future mean to fulfill, life satisfaction, and religiosity were applied. Finally, such socio-psychological measures as age, gender, marital status, income, and age-gap between couples were assumed to function as moderators. With 430 valid study samples, ages from 20s to 50s, with more females(316) than males(114), with average personal possessions of 5 genuine and 9 counterfeit luxury brands, we conducted questionnaire survey. Results indicated that social-adjustive function is totally disappeared in the relationship due to current social trend of widespread consumptions on both genuine and counterfeit brands which in turn, make consumers feel less special on wearing or carrying them unlike in the past. Self-expressive function and rationality-consumptive functions act as strong catalysts for genuine brand consumption and counterfeit brand consumption, respectively. On consumers' decision-making styles, high-price sublation is the most powerful indicator anticipating counterfeit consumption, even more powerful than personal incomes. In life attitude, the overall model fit was not validated, and only life control and life satisfaction are proven to be significant on both genuine and counterfeit product consumptions. Employment of socio-psychological factors in the model improved understanding of users further. Young consumers tend to go for genuine products over counterfeits. Consumers in different income groups; low, medium and high, all significantly consume genuine products for reasons of different decision-making styles. The results indicated that consumers whose personal disposition is predisposed to consume products in the form of reflection of his or her personality, go only for genuine brands for quality reason, while consumers who rationally consume products for its function or usability, go only for counterfeits for high-price sublation reason. Meanwhile, both product users support for high-price orientation who are not well off.

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Strength Models dependent on Load Configurations (하중형상과 콘크리트 부재의 강도모형)

  • Hong, Sung-Gul
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2008.11a
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    • pp.843-846
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    • 2008
  • Rationality of strength models for structural concrete depends on how to treat loads on boundaries and load paths within members. Differentiation between strut-and-tie models and stress fields approaches for shear strength models is discussed in this paper for salient use of current design formula in design code provisions. How to model configuration of loads and stress states along the boundary for the regions under provides a key to realistic construction of stress fields together with STM.

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THE BOGOMOLOV-PROKHOROV INVARIANT OF SURFACES AS EQUIVARIANT COHOMOLOGY

  • Shinder, Evgeny
    • Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.54 no.5
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    • pp.1725-1741
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    • 2017
  • For a complex smooth projective surface M with an action of a finite cyclic group G we give a uniform proof of the isomorphism between the invariant $H^1(G,\;H^2(M,\;{\mathbb{Z}}))$ and the first cohomology of the divisors fixed by the action, using G-equivariant cohomology. This generalizes the main result of Bogomolov and Prokhorov [4].

A Study on Infant s Wear Brand Positioning according to Fashion Lifestyle of Missy Women (신세대 주부의 패션라이프스타일 유형에 따른 유아복 상표 포지셔닝에 관한 연구)

  • 구양숙;박현희;이승민
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.51 no.1
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    • pp.49-59
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    • 2001
  • This study was designed to identify the brand positioning of Infant's wear according to fashion lifestyle of missy women. Cluster analysis on fashion lifestyle classified three groups according to fashion lifestyle factors : Fashion Indifference group(34%), Fashion & Individuality Oriented group(27%), Rationality Oriented group(37% ). The analysis of positioning map with satisfaction of seven brand image attributes (color, design, price, utility, quality brand name, fashion) showed the distance of satisfaction was different among three groups.

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Insulation Design of Distribution Systems in Case of the Stroke of Direct Lightning Surge (직격뢰 침입시 배전계통 절연설계)

  • 정채균;김상국;이종범;서재호
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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    • v.53 no.4
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    • pp.238-247
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    • 2004
  • This paper describes the insulation coordination scheme of line in distribution system when the direct lightning surge strikes. The BIL that is applied to distribution system is not properly considered the performance and operation of arresters. Because of that, the high BIL is being used at partial system. This paper variously analyses the lightning overvoltage of line and equipment with earth of overhead grounding wire and installation types of arrester. From these result. authors examine the rationality of BIL.

A study on relations between strategic decision-making and its performance (전략적 의사결정의 성과에 관한 연구)

  • 이성호
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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    • v.20 no.43
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    • pp.109-118
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    • 1997
  • This paper examined whether strategic decision-making are related to its performance, using a empirical study. Variables of strategic decision-making process were procedural rationality, political behavior, and application of information technology, moderating variable was environmental unstability. The findings suggested that relations between strategic decision-making process and its performance was strongly correlated, but environmental unstability was not moderating for its performance.

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The Estimation of Stress Variationdue to Creep and Shrinkage on Composite Girder Section (크리프 및 건조수축에 의한 합성거더 단면의 응력변화 추정)

  • Kim, Byung-Kyu;Kim, Su-Man
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2006.11a
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    • pp.357-360
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    • 2006
  • Under sustained load, the stress variation occurs due to creep and shrinkage of concrete on the sections of steel-concrete composite girders. In standard specification for highway bridge, the method of stress estimation considering time effects is based on the concept of Yassumi method. In this study, comparing the analysis results using the AEMM and Yassumii method long-term behaviors, the rationality of specified requirements is checked.

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A Study d the Optimazation the Cutting Condition Selecting System for the Rationality of Mould Manufacture (금형 가공의 합리화를 위한 외적 절삭조건 선정 시스템에 관한 연구)

  • 현동훈;이용성
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.73-81
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    • 1993
  • In recent years, mould industry in machining requires to increase machining productivity and to reduce costs, To adapt this trend it is necessary to optimize machine condition, Even though many researches in this area introduced various way to set the optimal condition, still there are not enough. Therefore this research was done to select the optimal cutting condition for industry, and to develop the computer program to select the optimal cutting condition automatically. The result of this research will contribute to increase machining productivity of various mould companies with the automatic selection of optimal cutting condition.

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Establishing Criteria for the Evaluation of Landscape Architectural Works (조경설계작품평가의 기준과 항목에 관한 연구)

  • 조정송;안건용
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.21-33
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    • 1993
  • The evaluation is one of aspects of criticism, and thus it plays many roles in terms of the functions of criticism. The purpose of this study is to examine the evaluating criteria of landscape architectural works. The conclusions of this study are summarized as follows: The essential criterion of the evaluation is 'the originality' with respect to history(or tradition) of landscape architecture. And the sub-criteria of the evaluation can be invented through a frame;[].

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