• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.267-284
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• 2022

A subsea pipeline designed across active shipping lane prones to failure against external interferences such as anchorage activities, hence risk assessment is essential. It requires quantifying the geometric probability derived from ship traffic distribution based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) data. The actual probability density function from historical vessel traffic data is ideal, as for rapid assessment, conceptual study, when the AIS data is scarce or when the local vessels traffic are not utilised with AIS. Recommended practices suggest the probability distribution is assumed as a single peak Gaussian. This study compares several fitted Gaussian distributions and Monte Carlo simulation based on actual ship traffic data in main ship direction in an active shipping lane across a subsea pipeline. The results shows that a Gaussian distribution with five peaks is required to represent the ship traffic data, providing an error of 0.23%, while a single peak Gaussian distribution and the Monte Carlo simulation with one hundred million realisation provide an error of 1.32% and 0.79% respectively. Thus, it can be concluded that the multi-peak Gaussian distribution can represent the actual ship traffic distribution in the main direction, but it is less representative for ship traffic distribution in other direction. The geometric probability is utilised in a quantitative risk assessment (QRA) for subsea pipeline against vessel anchor dropping and dragging and vessel sinking.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.31-46
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• 2018

This study was carried out to offer basic data that can be used for outdoor wear production for active senior males, emerging as a new consumer bracket in the era of rapid aging. To this end, this study modified and complemented the patterns of outdoor jackets for active senior males based on existing outdoor jackets that received the most excellent evaluation. On the basis of the research outdoor wear wearing assessment results, this study confirmed those areas to be modified and proposed areas to be considered in manufacturing outdoor wear for this demographic. As a result of existing outdoor wear's wearing assessment, the jacket of brand B was shown to be the most excellent one. This study actually designed research outdoor wear patterns by modifying the problematic parts through the addition and subtraction of spare length or circumference in the sections where fit satisfaction was low by referring to the selected brands' patterns. The research outdoor wear was designed by referring to the preferred outdoor types and colors that were highlighted in the previous survey result of consumer wearing reality, based on the designs of the outdoor wear receiving the most excellent assessment in wearing assessment. Fabric that specially glued two-layered mesh that bonded the thin membrane of synthetic resin with polyester fabric was used as the material in this study. Wearing assessment was conducted by comparing the manufactured research outdoor wear and the existing outdoor wear selected as excellently assessed outdoor wear. Consequently, this study verified that the wearing fit of the research outdoor wear was more excellent in most items. This study proposed final patterns for outdoor jackets suitable for active senior males through the modification of several items that required improvements as per the wearing assessment of the research outdoor wear.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2021

In 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused unprecedented disruptions to global health systems. The Korea has taken full-fledged actions against this novel infectious disease, swiftly implementing a testing-tracing-treatment strategy. New obligations have therefore been given to the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) to devote the utmost effort towards tackling this global health crisis. Thanks to the universal national health insurance and state-of-the-art information communications technology (ICT) of the Korea, HIRA has conducted far-reaching countermeasures to detect and treat cases early, prevent the spread of COVID-19, respond quickly to surging demand for the healthcare services, and translate evidence into policy. Three main factors have enabled HIRA to undertake pandemic control preemptively and systematically: nationwide data aggregated from all healthcare providers and patients, pre-existing ICT network systems, and real-time data exchanges. HIRA has maximized the use of data and pre-existing network systems to conduct rapid and responsive measures in a centralized way, both of which have been the most critical tactics and strategies used by the Korean healthcare system. In the face of new obligations, our promise is to strive for a more responsive and resilient health system during this prolonged crisis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.13-24
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the applicability of Ecosystem Service Matrix method in Songnisan and Hannamgeumbukjeongmaek Boeun-gun area. The assessment was carried out with 25 land cover types by 7 ecosystem values. The research area was divided by 30m x 30m cell unit and the each cell value was classified into 5 grades. The total number of cell under the investigation was 433,910 units in Songnisan and 84,975 in Boeun-gun. Class I and II area were widely spread and Class V area is narrowly distributed inside of Class III area in Songnisan. I area, II area and separately managed zone belong to Ecological Zoning map and Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map(Environment + Ecology) were assessed Class I in Ecosystem service matrix. In conclusion, Ecosystem Service Matrix assessment based on land cover map is a rapid assessment methodology which reflecting ecosystem functions in a larger area. If it is supported with more ecosystem functions, the more precise nature value can be calculated.

• International Journal of Railway
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2012

Reliability means that a product maintains its initial quality and performance at a certain period of time (time, distance, cycle etc) under given condition without failure. The given conditions include both environmental condition and operating condition. Environmental condition means a common natural environment such as temperature, humidity, vibration, and working condition means an artificial environment such as voltage, current load, place for installment, and hours of use, which occurs during the life of the product. In the field of railway vehicles, it is mandatory to use a part with the proved reliability as the extension of the life of vehicle become highly necessary. But the reliable assessment method for the reliability of the part is insufficient. If the reliability of the railway vehicle parts could be assessed by using the field data, the reliability of the entire system could also be evaluated reliably. In this study, life span of micro-switch for master controller is analyzed and prediction is performed based on its field data given by an operator considering the special circumstances of railway vehicles such as the operation of a large number of trains on the same line.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.73-78
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• 2010

In this study, recovering agent was produced with organic sludge and modified peat moss (MPM) in pilot plant mixer to recover oil contaminated soil, and field test of it was estimated using landfarming method. Oil contaminated soil recovering agent was thought to contain more microorganisms than raw waste sludge and was no problem to come onto the market because there were not any items of specified wastes. According to the results of TPH variation with time, it was observed the initial degradation velocity of oil with produced recovering agent was rapid up to 50% after 4 days, remarkably. Because the microorganisms in the organic sludge discharged from chemical plant already acclimated with oil, therefore, it could be estimated initial degradation velocity of recovering agent might be rapid. It was concluded that the oil contaminated soil recovering agent produced in this study have high marketability because of its two aspects on recycling of wastes and initial rapid degradation capacity.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.77 no.2
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• pp.151-165
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• 2021

This paper aims to present a novelty damage detection method to identify damage locations by the simultaneous use of both the energy and displacement damage indices. Using this novelty method, the damaged location and even the damaged floor are accurately detected. As a first method, a combination of the instantaneous frequency energy index (EDI) and the structural acceleration responses are used. To evaluate the first method and also present a rapid assessment method, the Displacement Damage Index (DDI), which consists of the error reliability (β) and Normal Probability Density Function (NPDF) indices, are introduced. The innovation of this method is the simultaneous use of displacement-acceleration responses during one process, which is more effective in the rapid evaluation of damage patterns with velocity vectors. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, various damage scenarios of the ASCE benchmark problem, and the effects of measurement noise were studied numerically. Extensive analyses show that the rapid proposed method is capable of accurately detecting the location of sparse damages through the building. Finally, the proposed method was validated by experimental studies of a six-story steel building structure with single and multiple damage cases.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.127-129
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• 2001

Bioluminescence technique was applied to ginseng powders. ATP bioluminescence can be used as a rapid method that can be implemented for microbiological monitoring of contaminated ginseng powders. The RLU (relative light units) of ATP was proportion to bacterial CFU (colony forming units) when in high contaminated ginseng powders ($\geq$ about 1.0$\times$10$^4$CFU/g). However, when in low contaminated ginseng powders ($\times$10$^4$CFU/g), the RLU was not proportion to CFU, respectively.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.3014-3021
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• 1995

This study is carried out in order to evaluate the performances of the Reynolds stress turbulence models such as SSG and GL models in the calculation of separated flow over backward-facing stepp.In addition, two slow return-to-isotropy models, YA and Rotta models combined with rapid part of SSG model are also tested. The finite volume method is used to discretize the governing differential equations, and the power-law scheme is used to approximate the convection terms. The SIMPLE algorithm is used for pressure correction in the governing equations. The results show that SSG model gives the better prediction near the reattachment point than GL model. In cases that the rapid term of SSG model is combined with Rotta and YA slow models, the results show the better predictions of stress components in recirculation zone, but indicate inaccuracy in the predictions of mean velocity.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.61-66
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• 2023

In this study, we developed a simulation methodology for a technology that rapidly cools molds by directly spraying them with CO₂ in its liquefied gaseous state. Initially, a simulation verification process was conducted using ANSYS Fluent's heat transfer analysis based on temperature values measured in prior research experiments, ensuring a comparable temperature could be calculated. Subsequently, the validated analysis method was employed to evaluate design factors that exert the most significant influence on cooling. An evaluation was conducted based on three factors: part thickness, mold thickness, and the melting temperature of material. Using a full factorial design approach, a total of 27 analyses were completed and subsequently calculated through analysis of means. The impact assessment was carried out based on the temperature values at the product's core. The results indicated that the thickness of the mold had the highest influence, while the melting temperature of material had the least.