• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.325-343
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• 2003

In this study, several types of rainfall time distribution of the probabilistic rainfall amount have been applied to the Sihwa Lake, located in Gyounggi Province, Korea and their runoff characteristics, obtained by the Hec-Hms program, according to the rainfall distribution types, were compared and analysed. And then, the influences of the above rainfall distribution types of the highest water level of the reservoir, computed through the reservoir flood routing, were analysed. The tidal variation was considered, performing the flood routing and, in addition, the new program, called “IWSEA”, which can compute the reservoir water level, was developed. To conclude, when the Mononobe type of the rainfall distribution was used, the largest inflow flood discharge into the reservoir was performed and the highest reservoir water level was obtained when the Pilgrim-Cordery type of the rainfall distribution was applied.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 2000

The frequency analysis of annual maximum rainfall data and the derivation of probable rainfall intensity formula at Masan station are performed in this study. Based on the eight different rainfall duration data from 10 minutes to 24 hours, eight types of probability distribution (Gamma, Lognormal, Log-Pearson type III, GEV, Gumbel, Log-Gumbel, Weibull, and Wakeby distributions), three types of parameter estimation scheme (moment, maximum likelihood and probability weighted methods) and three types of goodness-of-fit test (${\chi}^2$, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Cramer von Mises tests) were considered to find an appropriate probability distribution at Masan station. The Lognormal-2 distribution was selected and the probable rainfall intensity formula was derived by regression analysis. The derived formula can be used for estimating rainfall quantiles of the Masan vicinity areas with convenience and reliability in practice.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.167-178
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• 2007

Based on the kinematic wave equations, the influence of moving rainstorms on the surface runoff were analyzed with a focus on the rainfall distribution types. Applied hypothetical rainfall distribution types of moving rainstorms used are uniform, advanced, delayed and intermediate type. The moving rainstorm velocities applied in this study were $0.125{\sim}2.0m/s$ of moving upstream and downstream direction of plane surface. Simulations were undertaken by varying the rainfall distribution type, moving rainstorm velocity and moving direction, and the results were compared with that of stationary rainfall. The results indicate significant differences in peak discharges and hydrograph shapes for moving rainstorms of various rainfall patterns and moving directions. It shows that the moving rainstorms of downstream direction generate the largest peak runoff at all rainfall distributions. The sensitivity of runoff to rainfall distribution types decreases as storm velocity increases. It is clear that faster rainstorm velocity generates faster peak time and becomes thin hydrographs rapidly.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.122-134
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• 1994

The objective of this study is to provide with the hydrometeological and probabilistic characteristics of the storms and winds of typhoons that have been passed through the Korea peninsula during the last twenty-three years since 1961. The paths and intensities of the typhoons were analyzed. Fifty weather stations were selected and the rainfall and wind data during typhoon periods were collected. Rainfall data were analyzed for the patterns and probabilistic distributions. The results were presented to describe the areal distributions of probabilistic characteristics. Wind data were also analysed for their probabilistic distributions. The results obtained from this study can be summarized as follows: 1. The most frequent typhoon path that have passed through the Korean peninsula was type E, which was followed by types CWE, W, WE, and S. The most frequent typhoon intensity was type B, that was followed by A, super A, and C types, respectively. 2. The third quartile typhoon rainfall patterns appear most frequently followed by the second, first, and quartiles, respectively, in Seoul, Pusan, Taegu, Kwangju and Taejon. The single typhoon rainfalls with long rainfall durations tended to show delayed type rainfall patterns predominantly compared to the single rainfalls with short rainfall durations. 3. The most frequent probabilistic distribution for typhoon rainfall event is Pearson type-III, followed by Two-parameter lognormal distribution, and Type-I extremal distribution. 4. The most frequent probability distribution model of seashore location was Pearson type-III distribution. The most frequent probability distribution model of inland location was two parameter lognormal distribution. 5. The most frequent probabilistic distribution for typhoon wind events was Type-I xtremal distribution, followed by Two-parameter lognormal distribution, and Normal distribution.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.15
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• pp.53-67
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• 1997

The objective of this study is to provide with the hydro-meteological and probabilistic characteristics of the storms of typhoons that have been passed through the Korean peninsula during the last twenty-three years since 1961. The paths and intensities of the typhoons were analyzed. Fifty weather stations were selected and the rainfall data during typhoon periods were collected. Rainfall data were analyzed for the patterns and probabilistic distributions. The results were presented to describe the areal distributions of probabilistic characteristics. The results obtained from this study can be summarized as follows: 1. The most frequent typhoon path that has passed through the Korean peninsula was type E, followed by types CWE, W, WE, and S. The most frequent typhoon intensity was type B, followed by A, super A, and e types, respectively. 2. The third quartile typhoon rainfall patterns appear most frequently followed by the second, first, and last quartiles, respectively, in Seoul, Pusan, Taegu, Kwangju and Taejon. The single typhoon rainfalls with long rainfall durations tended to show delayed type rainfall patterns predominantly compared to the single rainfalls with short rainfall durations. 3. The most frequent probabilistic distribution of typhoon rainfall event is Pearson type-III, followed by Two-parameter lognormal distribution, and Type-I extremal distribution. 4. The most frequent probability distribution model of seashore location was Pearson type-III distribution. The most frequent probability distribution model of inland location was two parameter lognormal distribution.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.1 no.3 s.3
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• pp.111-122
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• 2001

A reliability analysis is conducted on the process in estimating frequency rainfalls. 39 year of annual maximum data in Seoul station are collected to analyze the reliability in the frequency analysis technique. Frequency analysis is carried out for the nine types of distribution function and three types of parameter estimation method which are currently used in Korea. Reliability Analysis is conducted for the frequency rainfalls determined by 3 types(maximum, median, selected) of method to select the adequate rainfall. Computed rainfalls of each duration and return period are standardized to find the distribution of the frequency rainfall. It shows that the resulting rainfall distribution fairly represents the normal distribution. Coefficient of variation of 0.0456 is computed to be used in estimating the reliability based design rainfall.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.345-359
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• 2016

This study analyze the synoptic meteorological cause of rainfall, rainfall intensity, drop size distribution(DSD), fall velocity and oblateness measured by the 2D-Video distrometer(2DVD) by comparing two cases which are heavy rainfall event case and a case that is not classified as heavy rainfall but having more than $30mm\;h^{-1}$ rainrate in July, 2014 at Gimhae region. As a results; Over the high pressure edge area where strong upward motion exists, the convective rain type occurred and near the changma front, convective and frontal rainfall combined rain type occurred. Therefore, rainrate varies based on the synoptic meteorological condition. The most rain drop distribution appeared in the raindrops with diameters between 0.4 mm and 0.6 mm and large particles appeared for the convective rain type since strong upward motion provide favorable conditions for the drops to grow by colliding and merging so the drop size distribution varies based on the location or rainfall types. The rainfall phases is mainly rain and as the diameter of the raindrop increase the fall velocity increase and oblateness decrease. The equation proposed based on the 2DVD tends to underestimated both fall velocity and oblateness compared with observation. Since these varies based on the rainfall characteristics of the observation location, standard equation for fall velocity and oblateness fit for Gimhae area can be developed by continuous observation and data collection hereafter.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.251-259
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• 2000

In this study, the urban runoff models, ILLUDAS model and SWMM, are analyzed the probable peak discharge and discharge using rainfall distribution by Huff's method at Bum-uh chun area in Taegu city. The probability rainfall and intensity is analyzed by Pearson-III type. The rainfall duration, 90 minutes, is determined by the critical duration computed the maximun peak discharge for some rainfall durations. The peak discharge according to Huff's rainfall distribution types compute in order of type 3, type 4, type2, and type 1, so Huff's 3 type is selected as an adequate rainfall distribution in Bum-uh chun basin. ILLUDAS model and SWMM are shown as good models in Bum-uh chun, but SWMM is computed higher peak discharge than ILLUDAS model, so SWMM is shown as the adequate urban runoff model for the design of interior drainage in urban basin.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.194-198
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• 2005

Although the rainstorm causes local damage on large scale, it is difficult to predict the movement of the rainstorm exactly. In order to reduce the rainstorm damage of the rainstorm, it is necessary to analyze the path of the rainstorm using various statistical methods. In addition, efficient time interval of rainfall observation for the analysis of the rainstorm movement can be derived by applying various statistical methods to rainfall data. In this study, the rainstorm tracking using statistical method is performed for various types of rainfall data. For the tracking of the rainstorm, the methods of temporal distribution, inclined Plane equations, and cross correlation were applied for various types of data including electromagnetic rainfall gauge data and AWS data. The speed and direction of each method were compared with those of real rainfall movement. In addition, the effective time interval of rainfall observation for the analysis of the rainstorm movement was also investigated for the selected time intervals 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 minutes. As a result, the absolute relative errors of the method of inclined plane equations are smaller than those of other methods in case of electromagnetic rainfall gauges data. The absolute relative errors of the method of cross correlation are smaller than those of other methods in case of AWS data. The absolute relative errors of 30 minutes or less than 30 minutes are smaller than those of other time intervals.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2016

The time distribution of rainfall is one of the most important considerations for evaluating soil slope stability. In order to study the rainfall-induced slope failure, the rainfall pattern has generally been assumed as uniform rainfall intensity for rainfall duration. However, it should be noted that the time distribution of the design rainfall method has a significant effect on the soil slope instability. The study implemented Mononobe, Huff, and uniform method as three types of time distribution method of the design rainfall to estimate the factor of safety of soil slopes by rainfall duration. As a result, the difference of soil suction and unsaturated hydraulic properties in a soil by rainfall pattern was found through the application of an appropriate time distribution method to numerical simulation for rainfall-induced slope stability.