• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.146-151
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• 2014

The pulse waveforms of a carotid artery in the neck and a radial artery in the hand wrist were individually measured by using clip-type pulsimeter equipped with a permanent and Hall device. The pulse transit time and the pulse wave velocity obtained through comparison of two pulse waveforms were analyzed each other. A value of the pulse wave velocity was about 8.5 m/s similar to one measured by a conservative method. This result suggests that the clip-type pulsimeter as the reproducible and reliable one oriental diagnostic medical device can be predicted to any atherosclerosis state in the cardiac circulatory system.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.259-263
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• 2018

A radial artery pulse wave is measured while pressing an artery with constant force. However, pulse waveform measurements vary depending on pressing force and direction. Accurate pulse waveform measurements are important for analysis. Thus, it is necessary to define the measurement range of the permissible force and direction from which a correct pulse waveform is derived. In this study, pulse waves were generated by a pulse wave generator for accurate control. The pulse waves generated for different angles and pressing forces were analyzed. The augmentation index (AIx), which is the most commonly used index for evaluating vascular stiffness, was analyzed. The AIx was measured within ${\pm}6^{\circ}$ of the vessel direction and within ${\pm}8^{\circ}$ perpendicular to the vessel direction with a force that was 25% or more of the pressing force at which the maximum pressure wave was generated. We identified the applicable pressing force and angle range by analyzing the effect of pressing angle on the pulse wave. The AIx analysis performed using the pulse wave measurement device is reliable and reproducible.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.130-134
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• 2013

The clip-type pulsimeter equipped with a magnetic sensing Hall device and the most popular body sign of the electrocardiogram (ECG) were investigated in order to analyze the pulse wave velocity (PWV). The PWV simultaneously calculated by means of time difference between the maximum peak of ECG pulse wave and the starting point of radial artery pulse wave, and distance difference between the heart position and the radial wrist position. The PWV analyzed from the clinical data was a wider scope of 5~7 m/s with an average value of 6 m/s. By the prediction of blood vessel's elasticity from the analysis of PWV, it may be useful for developing an oriental-western diagnostic medical signal device for a U-health-care system in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.251-256
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• 2011

The radial overcut in micro electrochemical machining was investigated. The prediction of overcut is important not only for the machining accuracy but also for the shape control of micro structures. In micro ECM, machining gap or overcut depends on electrolyte, pulse voltage, pulse duration and dissolution time etc. Understanding of electrochemical dissolution rate is necessary for the overcut prediction. In this paper, the radial overcut of micro electrochemical machining according to pulse duration and dissolution time was simulated using electrochemical principles and also experimentally estimated.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.313-317
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• 2013

In order to standardize the pressure/depth against radial artery, the externally-applied-pressure measuring system was fabricated and evaluated. Based on the resistance-variable characteristic of the very thin($10{\mu}m$) film conductive tape along the pressure of a tip of a examiner's hand, this system was designed. The change of the pressure was processed through voltage regulator and Matlab S/W, then showed on computer monitor. The signal output through voltage regulator, and Matlab S/W was evaluated on various conditions. The evaluation was executed on these cases; an examiner slowly increases and decreases the pressure, rapidly increases and decreases the pressure, sequentially increases and decreases the pressure, sustains the pressure, micro-changes the pressure. As a pulse examiner varies the pressure on the radial artery of the examinee, the system's real-time output consistently varies according to the pressure. From the results, it is concluded that this system consistently shows the pressure of the tip of a examiner's hand in real time without interrupting the evaluation of the radial artery pulse. Therefore this system is expected to standardize the value of the pressure/depth externally applied by an examiner.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2008

Although the pulse diagnosis position, Guan is apart from Cun or Chi by only $10{\sim}20$ mm at most, traditional medical doctors applies different indent pressures and even they states different pulse images are felt at Cun, Guan and Chi, To support their clinical behaviors, in this study, we tested statistically whether there are differences in pulse waveform measured at these three positions with SphygmoCor system used world widely, A 30 years old female subject without any evidence of cardiovascular diseases was involved in this experiment. Radial pulse waves were recorded at three different positions on left lower arm 10 times at three positions-Cun, Guan and Chi. With ANOVA, we tested whether, among three different positions. there are any differences in 12 parameters of radial pulse waveform and in estimated AIx(Augmentation Index) as an arterial stiffness index extracted from radial pulse waveform. As results, differences in optimal indent pressure h0 were observed at different measuring positions(P<0.001) but not significantly different. And pulse pressure his were found to be different(Chi$22.60{\pm}3.06%,\;18.60{\pm}3.37%\;and\;26.4{\pm}5.02%$ respectively. Consequently. AIx at Gwan seems to be lowest and that at Chi seems to be highest. So. we assert the AIx at Chi is likely to be overestimated. In further studies. we want to examine what make differences in these parameters between measuring positions. And it also seems to be worthy to investigate the relationship between the depth of radial artery and AIx. And, ultimately, we need to determine the best measuring process including measuring position, hold-down pressure, signal quality validation and so on. so to achieve the optimal waveform which represents subject's health condition for both western medicine and traditional medicine.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.42-48
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• 1994

Turbocharging is one of the best methods to improve the performance of diesel engines, because of its merits,-power ratio, fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. Most of them in small and medium diesel engines have adopted the pulse turbocharging method with twin entry vaneless radial turbines to maximize the energy utility of exhaust gas. This method requires the high performance of turbine under unsteady flow, and also the matching between turbine and diesel engine is most important. However, it is difficult to match properly between them. Because the steady flow data are usually used for it. Accordingly, it is necessary to catch the characteristics of turbine performance correctly over the wide range of the operation conditions under unsteady flow. In this paper, the characteristics of turbine performance under unsteady flow are represented at varying conditions, such as inlet pressure amplitude, turbine speed and frequence.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2010

Objectives: The information on the depth where pulse wave appears is as important as pulse waveform. The aim of this study was to classify pulse pattern using pressure-height(P-H) volume-curve by 5 applied pressure levels to find out the information on the depth of pulse and interpret the floating & sinking pulse in oriental medical pulse diagnosis. Methods: We used 3 dimensional pulse imaging analyser (DMP-3000, DAEYOMEDI Co., Korea), which measures radial pulse waveforms noninvasively by way of tonometric method at 5 applied pressure levels, and shows P-H volume-curves by applied pressure. 448 subjects were enrolled, pulse waveforms were measured and the P-H volume-curves were gained on the three locations of Chon, Kwan, and Cheok. Results: Gained P-H volume curves were classified into 3 types ; increase type, decrease type, and increase-decrease type. Increase-decrease type appeared more often on Chon and Kwan, while increase type appeared more often on Cheok. In a few cases, decrease-type appeared on Chon and Kawn, however it never appeared on Cheok. Conclusions: Through the classification of pulse by P-H volume-curve, we gained the information on the depth of pulse. We speculate the decrease type as floating pulse, the increase-decrease type as middle pulse, and the increase type as sinking pulse in oriental medical pulse diagnosis. After more researches on P-H volume-curve by applied pressure, the P-H volume-curve may be used as an important factor for pulse diagnosis.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.197-206
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• 2016

Introduction: This study aims to investigate the effects of acupuncture stimulation on the radial artery's pressure pulse wave, along with various hemodynamic parameters, and to explore the possible underlying mechanism of pulse diagnosis in healthy participants in their twenties. Methods and analysis: This study is a prospective, single-arm, exploratory clinical study. A total of 25 healthy participants, without regard to gender, in their twenties will be recruited by physicians. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The participants will receive acupuncture once at ST36 on both sides. The radial arterial pulse waves will be measured on the left arm of the subjects by using an applicable pulse tonometric device (KIOM-PAS). On the right arm (appearing twice), electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmogram (PPG), respiration and cardiac output (CO) signals, will be measured using a physiological data acquisition system (Biopac module), while the velocity of blood flow, and the diameter and the depth of the blood vessel will be measured using an ultrasonogram machine on the right arm (appearing twice). All measurements will be conducted before, during, and after acupuncture. The primary outcome will be the spectral energy at high frequencies above 10 Hz ($SE_{10-30Hz}$) calculated from the KIOM-PAS device signal. Secondary outcomes will be various variables obtained from the KIOM-PAS device, ECG, PPG, impedance cardiography modules, and an ultrasonogram machine. Discussion: The results of this trial will provide information regarding the physiological and the hemodynamic mechanisms underlying acupuncture stimulation and clinical evidence for the influence of acupuncture on the pressure pulse wave in the radial artery. Ethics and dissemination: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Kyung Hee University's Oriental Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (KOMCIRB-150818-HR-030). The study findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at national and international conferences. Trial registration number: This trial was registered with the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) at the Korea National Institute of Health (NIH), Republic of Korea (KCT0001663), which is a registry in the World Health Organization's (WHO's) Registry Network.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.06b
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• pp.9-12
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• 2001

In oriental medicine, it is possible to classify each person into eight kinds of constitutions based on the eight constitutional medicine theory. We developed a piezoelectric 3-channel tactile sensor using PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) film for pulse detection of the radial artery. High frequency buffer (impulse buffer), amplifier, 60 Hz noise notch filter and low pass filter were integrated on three sheets of PCB board. The pulses of the radial artery at three points were checked using our system. Each constitution of the eight ones has different combinations of pulses.