• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.393-400
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• 1999

Defect frequencies of rolling element bearings are experimentally investigated utilizing the two-sided directional spectra of the complex-valued vibration signals measured from the outer ring of defective bearings. The directional spectra make it possible to discern backward and forward defect frequencies. The experimental results show that the directional zoom spectrum is superior to the conventional spectrum in identification of bearing defect frequencies, in particular the inner race defect frequencies.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.375-382
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• 2003

A direct and precise explanation of soybean resistance to soybean cyst nematode will be possible only when the individual gene(s) involved in the resistance are tagged. This study was conducted, (1) to identify and localize quantitative trait loci for resistance to soybean cyst nematode race 14 on RAPD map, (2) to identify the magnitude and mode of inheritance for each quantitative trait loci, and (3) to identify the best combinations of quantitative trait loci for resistance to soybean cyst nematode race 14. Thirty markers (29 RAPD and 1 RFLP) showed significant association with resistance to soybean cyst nematode race 14. From MAPMAKER/QTL analysis, we identified two regions (linkage group C-7 and linkage group C-9) for resistance to soybean cyst nematode .ace 14. The first quantitative trait loci that was localized at 6.0 cM from $H06^1$ on linkage group C-7 showed a dominant inheritance mode. However, we can not exclude the possibility of additive inheritance mode. The second quantitative trait loci that was localized between $B15^2$ and $E01^1$ on linkage group C-9 also showed a dominant mode of inheritance. One pair of flanking markers ($H06^1$ and $H06^2$) and B15$^2$ were used for multiple regression analysis. Marker combination that included 2 markers, $B15^2$ and $H06^1$, explained the highest total variance (22.9%) for resistance to soybean cyst nematode race 14. Further localization of genes for resistance to soybean cyst nematode race 14 and examination of interaction between quantitative trait loci will accelerate the exploitation of resistance to soybean cyst nematode.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.174-179
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• 1987

Four thousand eight hundred and eighty five isolates of Pyricularia oryzae were obtained from the diseased rice specimens collected from various areas of Korea for race identification during 1978 - 1985. A total of 15 races inculding 6 races pathogenic to Tongil lines, 2 T-races, 5 C-races and 2 N-races was identified using a old Japanese differential set during 1978-1980. Since 1981, number of races identified by a Korean differential set was 18 races which were composed of 11 KI-races pathogenic to either Tongil lines or Japonica cultivars and 8 KJ-races pathogenic to only Japonica cultivars. The prevalent race was $N-2^{+t}$ during 1978-1979 and race KJ-301 since 1980, respectively. Races KI-315a and KI-315b pathogenic to most of Tongil lines were identified in 1983. being widely distributed to date. Races KJ-105 and KJ-201 pathogenic to the cultivars possessing resistance genes Pi-k and Pi-i were prevalent in Gangweon province, whereas race KI-315b was prevalent in Chungbug and Jeonnam districts.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.589-598
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine risk factors for pathological gambling of horse race participants. Methods: The participants, 508 horse race gamblers, completed the DSM-IV criteria of pathological gambling, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-K) and Symptom Checklist-47-Revision (SCL-47-R). Data were analyzed using t-test, $x^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression analyses. Behaviors related to horse racing, alcohol abuse, and mental health were analyzed between problem or pathological gamblers compared to recreational gamblers. Results: The prevalence rates of recreational, problem, and pathological gambling were 36.6%, 39.4%, and 24.0%, respectively. Frequency of gambling (${\geq}4/day$), frequency of racetrack visiting (${\geq}3/month$), accompaniment (alone), and mental health (SCL-47-R scores) were all associated with increased risks of problem and pathological gambling. Expenditure on betting (${\geq}200,000$ won/day) and alcohol abuse (AUDIT-K 8-20 scores) group members had higher levels of gambling pathology than recreational gamblers. Conclusion: Problem and pathological gambling are highly associated with alcohol abuse and mental health disorders, suggesting that clinicians should carefully evaluate this population.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.218-223
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• 2007

This study investigated: 1) what weight-related behaviors college students practiced; 2) if the behaviors were performed for weight-related reasons; and 3) whether the behavioral practices differed by gender, race, and body weight status. This cross-sectional study used a questionnaire to collect information from a non-probability sample of undergraduate students (n=379; 48% men) recruited from large introductory psychology classes. Chi-square tests were conducted to examine simple comparisons, and multiple logistic regression analyses assessed differences. Male students reported adopting significantly fewer weight-related behaviors than females. Most frequently males increased exercise (69.2%), increased fruit and vegetable consumption (50%), skipped meals (46%), cut out sweets and junk foods (40%), and cut out between-meal snacks (35%). Female students most frequently increased exercise (67.4%), skipped meals (63%), increased fruit and vegetable consumption (62%), reduced the amount of food eaten (60%), and cut out between-meal snacks (51%). Negative behaviors were engaged in by only a few participants. Weight-related reasons were a significant factor for weight-related behavior adoption. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that gender was consistently and significantly associated with the adoption of weight-related behaviors, while race and weight status were less consistently associated. Findings of this study will be helpful to dietitians who counsel college students. Results of this study may support effects to bring more comprehensive behaviorally-focused health md nutrition interventions to college campuses.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.69-79
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• 2001

Meloidogyne arenaria race 2 (59%) is widely distributed, followed by M. incognita race 1 (23%), and an unknown race of M. incognita (18 ％) in greenhouses in southern Korea. The key character to distinguish between M. arenaria and M. incognita is excretory pore in female head. When oriental melon, Cucumis melo L., grafted on Shintozoa (Cucurbit maxima x Cu. moschata) is transplanted in February in a plastic tunnel inside a greenhouse infested with M. arenaria, nematodes produced egg masses on roots at 40 days after transplanting and the soil juveniles (J2) population reach maximum in July to 3,817/100 ㎤. Juveniles are distributed relatively uniform over the 180-cm-wide row horizontally and the highest density occurs at 0-25 cm soil depth. For the control of root-knot nematodes, rice rotation, solarization, and soil addition treatments are the most effective (P=0.05); treatments reduce number of J2 over 90% and increase yield two times. Corn retation, fosthiazate, and soil drying treatment are moderately effective, while sesame and green onion rotations are not effective. The relationship between M. arenaria and yield of oriental melon is adequately described by a linear regression model. In the test with wild Cucumis genetic sources introduced from U.S.Dept. of Agriculture (USDA), one of C.heptadactylus, two of C.anguria, two of C. anguria var. longaculeatus, nine of C. metuliferus are resistant to both species of root-knot nematodes.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.428-432
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• 2015

Sixty-seven isolates of bacterial spot pathogen (Xanthomonas spp.) collected from six provinces of Korea were tested for the identification of their pathotypes and determination of their distribution throughout Korea in an effort to genetically manage the disease. Near isogenic lines of Early Calwonder (Capsicum annuum) pepper plants carrying $Bs_1$, $Bs_2$ and $Bs_3$, and PI235047 (C. pubescens) were used as differential hosts. Race P1 was found to be predominant, followed by race P7, and races P3 and P8 were also observed. This is the first report of races P7 and P8 in Korea. The races P7 and P8 were differentiated from the former races P1 and P3, respectively, on the basis of their ability to elicit hypersensitive reactions to PI235047.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.35
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• pp.120-137
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• 2002

It has not been a long time since we recognize that a word 'DNA' is not unfamiliar with us. Development of biology give us so much of benefits of civilization and so we call the 21th century as 'biological period'. It has not been a long time that archeology made contact with biology. With biological development, DNA typing analysis has been accomplished extensively since 1990's. We know through mitochondrial DNA base sequencing analysis that the Neanderthal man is not the origin of the human race and ancient human race set out from Africa. Biological science technology, which is polymerase chain reaction(PCR) or electrophoresis etc., made these results possible. A contact between biology, especially genetics, and archeology is getting accomplished through these current. If genetics keep in contact with archeological foundation, we know not only about ancient populations in the Korean Peninsula, but also origin of human race. This field is so-called 'DNA Archeology'. This field is of help to person identification and children discrimination as like a forensic science. We make every effort for great possibilities from co-ownership of these two fields and these fields needs to convert a recognition, especially.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.117-132
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• 2007

Playwright Eugene O'Neill's expressionistic text-based approach to The Emperor Jones, with an emphasis on fixity, was at odds with African American actor Charles Gilpin's improvisational performance technique, stressing rupture, spontaneity, and discontinuity. The contemporary avant-garde performance troupe The Wooster Group likewise produces subversive and interrogative forms of identity in performing the play, which challenge the normative approach to gender, race, and an imagined orientation. The historical foundation of subversion and destabilization laid by O'Neill and Gilpin were manifold in the Wooster Group's production of The Emperor Jones, and not only formed a backdrop to it but also played a central role in the group's representation of race and even gender on the stage. In this essay, I use O'Neill's play, The Emperor Jones, a crucial example of racialized fantasies of identification, to explore how the modernist stage through the performances of Gilpin and The Wooster Group constructed racialized subjects of both its performers and audiences. Gilpin and the Wooster Group's strategies each shared a similar complexity in the portrayal of black identity in performance. Offering an examination of how ideologies of race and gender overlap in The Emperor Jones, I hope to show how each performance signifies a range of subversions and differences simultaneously and sometimes oppositionally that needs to be explored both holistically and in detail to offer a fuller picture of these remarkable attempts. Through this approach, I examine Gilpin's creative adaptations of O'Neill's text and illuminate how it is that the Wooster Group's appropriative use of blackface in their performance has come to gain critical acceptance.

• English & American cultural studies
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.141-167
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• 2014

The macro structural perspective of how race was formed nationally, politically, and socially has greatly contributed in revealing the ills of racialism until now, likewise, the dichotomous form of Asian-American literature corresponding to such perspective has made great contribution in awakening people's awareness of race. While acknowledging the contribution of such macro perspectives, we must take note that today's racialism is becoming materialized in different aspects. The tendency of present racial formation is that the recognition of race is spread out lightly but widely in everyday lives and is revealed through the perception of our body. While publicly stating that society is color-blind and inequality significantly resolved, racialism emerges in the personal and everyday aspects. Not erased but diluted and spread out more widely, and the more diluted, harder to erase, racialism has penetrated into the perception of our lives. Racialism works not as a conspicuous discrimination but as a common sense that is 'naturally' absorbed into our perception and perspective. Chang Rae Lee's Aloft shows the process of such racial formation in our age of hybridization. This study tries to clarify why present racial formation must be analyzed in the macro perceptual perspective and show how the racial perception in the narrative of the white dominant narrator, Jerry, becomes the field where he lives and how it is spread through his perception. Through the theories of Judith Butler and Linda M. Alcoff, this study analyzes how people are got to self-identification with the racialization through reiteration and what the relationship is between racial formation and the subject's performativity in Aloft. The study concludes that revealing such current processes of racial formation perceptively is not thinking it 'natural' and inevitable but the process of bringing about a change in it.