• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2001

To construct an efficient Bacillus subtilis expression vector, strong promoters were isolated from the chromosomal DNA libraries of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 4259, Thermoactinomyces sp. E79, and Bacillus thermoglucosidasius KCTC 3400. The $P_{C27}$ promoter cloned from the clostridial chromosmal DNA showed a 5-fold higher promoter strength than the $P_{SP02}$ promoter in the expression of the cat gene, and its sequence was estimated as an upstream region of the predicted hypothetical gene (tet-R family bacterial transcription regulator gene) in C. acetobutylicum. As a promoter element, $P_{C27}$ exhibited putative nucleotide sequences that can bind with bacterial RNAP and the 3'end of the 16S rRNA just upstream of the start codon. In addition, the promoter activity of $P_{C27}$ was distinctively repressed in the presence of glucose. Using $P_{C27}$ as the promoter element, a glucose controllable B. subtilis expression vector was constructed and the lipase gene from Staphylococcus haemolyticus KCTC 8957P was expressed in B. subtilis. When compared with the lipase expression by the T7 promoter induced by IPTG in E. coli, the $P_{C27}$ promoter showed about a 1.5-fold higher expression level in B. subtilis than that without induction.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.905-912
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• 2013

A novel species, Metschnikowia cibodasensis, is proposed to accommodate eight strains (ID03-$0093^T$, ID03-0094, ID03-0095, ID03-0096, ID03-0097, ID03-0098, ID03-0099, and ID03-0109) isolated from flowers of Saurauia pendula, Berberis nepalensis, and Brunfelsia americana in Cibodas Botanical Garden, West Java, Indonesia. The type strain of M. cibodasensis is ID03-$0093^T$ (= NBRC $101693^T$ =UICC $Y-335^T$ = BTCC-$Y25^T$). The common features of M. cibodasensis are a spherical to ellipsoidopedunculate shaped ascus, which contains one or two needle-shaped ascospores, and lyse at maturity. Asci generally develop directly from vegetative cells but sometimes from chlamydospores. The neighbor-joining tree based on the D1/D2 domain of nuclear large subunit (nLSU) ribosomal DNA sequences strongly supports that M. cibodasensis (eight strains) and its closest teleomorphic species, M. reukaufii, are different species by a 100% bootstrap value. The type strain of M. cibodasensis, ID03-$0093^T$, differed from M. reukaufii NBRC $1679^T$ by six nt (five substitutions and one deletion) in their D1/D2 region of nLSU rDNA, and by 18 nt (five deletions, four insertions, and nine substitutions) in their internal transcribed spacer regions of rDNA, respectively. Four strains representative of M. cibodasensis (ID03-$0093^T$, ID03-0095, ID03-0096, and ID03-0099) showed a mol% G+C content of $44.05{\pm}0.25%$, whereas that of M. reukaufii NBRC $1679^T$ was 41.3%. The low value of DNA-DNA homology (5-16%) in four strains of M. cibodasensis and M. reukaufii NBRC $1679^T$ strongly supported that these strains represent a distinct species.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 2015

동해안에 자생하는 해안식물인 개질경이를 채집하였고, 뿌리로부터 형태적으로 다른 내생균류 20균주를 선발하였다. 개질경이 뿌리에 공생하는 내생균류의 ITS-rDNA 염기서열을 분석하였으며, 분리된 내생균류의 유연관계는 Bayesian 프로그램을 이용하여 계통분석을 하였다. 모든 내생균류의 농축배양여과액을 난장이벼에 처리하여 식물생장촉진활성을 스크리닝하였고, 분리된 균류 중에서 E/PC/10/1 균주가 생장촉진활성이 우수한 것으로 확인되었다. E/PC/10/1 균주의 배양여과액을 HPLC와 GC/MS-SIM을 이용하여 분석한 결과, 식물호르몬인 지베렐린 $GA_1$, $GA_3$, $GA_4$가 정량분석 되었다. 그리고 E/PC/10/1 균주의 명확한 동정을 위하여, beta-tubulin 유전자 염기서열을 이용한 분자적인 방법과 현미경을 이용한 형태적인 방법으로 동정하였다. 최종적으로 E/PC/10/1 균주는 GAs을 생산하는 새로운 P. spinulosum으로 동정되었다.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.127.1-127
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• 2003

We describe two new Trichoderma species associated with oyster mushroom in Korea. Trichoderma green mould has been one of the most serious diseases of oyster mushroom in Korea. Of these the predominant species are two unrecorded species. We designed as Trichoderma sp. Korean type 1 (Th K1) and Trichoderma sp. Korean type 2 (Th K2), respectively. Th K1 and Th K2 can be distinguished from previously reported Trichoderma species as well as each other in morphological characteristics including growth rate at 35$^{\circ}C$, colony morphology, conidia shape and branch pattern of phialides. Sequence of the ITS region of rDNA, the protein coding translation elongation factor gene(EF-1${\alpha}$), and RNA polymeraseII (RPB2) not only clearly separated Trichoderma sp. Korean types from their closely related T. harzianum biotype but also distinguished them from each other. Analyses of the EF-1${\alpha}$ and RPB2 sequences were found to be more useful for establishing systematic relationships among Trichoderma isolates than those of the ITS sequence. Based on the results of morphological and molecular characteristics. We propose the two Trichoderma sp. Korean types as the new species

• Mycobiology
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.67-71
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• 2023

A powdery mildew (Erysiphaceae) has been continuously collected on the leaves of Lonicera harae in the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, where this shrub is indigenous. Microscopic examination of the asexual morphs revealed that the current collections are differentiated from the all known Erysiphe species on Lonicera spp. by its longer conidiophores and longer conidia. Although the morphology of the chasmothecia is reminiscent of Erysiphe ehrenbergii and E. lonicerae, the specimens on L. harae differ from them in having smaller ascospores. A phylogenetic tree generated from a combined dataset of the internal transcribed spacer region and 28S rDNA gene sequences demonstrates that sequences obtained from three powdery mildew collections on L. harae clustered together as an independent species clade with high bootstrap values distant from other Erysiphe species on Lonicera, representing a species of its own. Based on morphological differences and molecular-phylogenetic results, the powdery mildew on L. harae is proposed as a new species, Erysiphe lonicerigena, and the holomorph of the fungus is described and illustrated in this study.

• Mycobiology
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.379-387
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• 2023

In this study, twenty-five yeast strains were isolated from soil samples collected in the gold mining ore in Gia Lai, Vietnam. Among them, one isolate named GL1^T could highly tolerate Cu²⁺ up to 10 mM, and the isolates could also grow in a wide range of pH (3-7), and temperature (10-40 ℃). Dried biomass of GL1 was able to remove Cu²⁺ effectively up to 90.49% with a maximal biosorption capacity of 18.1 mg/g at pH 6, temperature 30 ℃, and incubation time 60 min. Sequence analysis of rDNA indicated this strain was closely related to Rhodotorula mucilaginosa but with 1.53 and 3.46% nucleotide differences in the D1/D2 domain of the 28S rRNA gene and the ITS1-5.8S rRNA gene-ITS2 region sequence, respectively. Based on phylogenetic tree analysis and the biochemical characteristics, the strain appears to be a novel Rhodotorula species, and the name Rhodotorula aurum sp. nov. is proposed. This study provides us with more information about heavy metal-tolerant yeasts and it may produce a new tool for environmental control and metal recovery operations.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2012

ErmSF는 23S rRNA의 A2058 (E. coli numbering)에 methylation을 유발하여 macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B ($MLS_B$)계 항생제의 부착을 저해함으로써 항생제 활성을 억제하는 내성인자 단백질인 Erm 단백질들 중의 하나이다. Erm 단백질들 사이에서 공통적으로 나타나는 $^{222}FXPXPXVXS^{230}$ (ErmSF numbering) 서열은 Erm 단백질인 ErmC'와 DNA methyltransferase인 M. Taq I의 구조를 분석한 연구에서 타깃인 adenine과 직접적으로 상호작용하는 부위로 제안되거나 확인되었다. 따라서 이 부분 중 Erm 단백질 사이에서 잘 보존되어있지는 않지만 염기성인 잔기의 특성상 기질인 RNA와 상호작용이 예상되는 223, 227번 arginine을 alanine으로 위치 지정 치환한 변이 단백질을 이용하여 그 잔기의 효소 활성에서의 역할을 확인하였다. 두 변이 단백질은 생체 내에서 그 활성을 여전히 유지하고 있어서 항생제인 erythromycin에 대하여 내성을 나타내었으나 in vitro 상에서는 R223A 또는 R227A가 야생형 ErmSF에 비하여 약 50%, 88%의 활성을 각각 나타내어 효소 활성에서 각 잔기가 결정적이지는 않지만 중요한 역할을 수행하고 있음을 확인하였다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2002

Species of Phellinus were known to harmful fungi causing white pocket rot and severe plant disease such as canker or heartrot in living trees in the West, but some species have been used to traditional medicines in the Orient for a long time. In this study the partial D1-D2 nucleotide sequences of 28S ribosomal DNA from 13 Phellinus strains were determined and compared with the sequences of 21 strains obtained from GenBank database. According to the neighbor-joining(NJ) method comparing the sequence data the phylogenetic tree was constructed. The phylogenetic tree displayed the presence of four groups. Group I includes P. ferreus, P. gilvus and P. johnsonianus, Group II contains P. laevigatus, P. conchatus and P. tremulae, Group III possesses P. linteus, P. weirianus, P. baumii, P. rhabarbarinus and P. igniarius, and Group IV comprises P. pini, P. chrysoloma. P. linteus and P. baumii, which were used mainly in traditional medicine, belong to the same group, but exactly speaking both were split into two different subgroups. To detect P. linteus only, we developed the PCR primer, D12HR. The primer showed the specific amplification of P linteus, which is permitted to medicinal mushroom in the East. The results make a potential to be incorporated in a PCR identification system that could be used for the rapid identification of this species from its related species, P. linteus especially.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.7-10
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• 2012

순천만에 자생하는 2종의 염생식물의 뿌리로부터 내생 진균을 분리하였다. 사용 되어진 염생식물은 칠면초와 천일사초이며, 스트렙토마이신이 포함된 최소배지를 사용하여 내생진균을 배양한 후 순수 분리하였다. 분리된 15 내 생진균 균주 rDNA의 ITS 영역의 염기서열을 분석한 결과 칠면초에서 5속, 천일사초에서 7속의 내생진균이 확인되었다. 그리고 Shannon's diversity index(H')를 이용하여 칠면초와 천일사초로부터 분리된 내생진균들의 종 다양성은 각각 1.561과 1.889로 확인되었으며 유연관계를 확인하기 위하여 계통분석을 수행하였다. 순천만 자생식물인 칠면초와 천일사초의 내생진균에서 자낭균문 Pezizomycotina 아문이 많이 분포하고 있음을 알 수 있었으며, Pezizomycotina 아문 중에서도 Sordariomycetes 강, Dothideomycetes 강, Eurotiomycetes 강에 속하는 내생진균이 칠면초와 천일사초에 모두 분포는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.98-104
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• 2009

인공재배된 만가닥버섯(Hypsizygus mamoreus)과 잿빛 만가닥버섯(Lyophyllum decastes)을 ITS $I{\cdot}IV$ 부위의 염기서열에 의해 종속간 유연관계 및 RAPD 다형성을 분석하였다. ITS $I{\cdot}IV$영역부위 종속간 유연관계에서 Group1 (SPA 100, 101, 102)은 만가닥버섯에 속하였으며, Group2 (11균주) 잿빛만가닥버섯의 대조 분리군 11균주는 동일한 종으로 동정되었다. ITS결과 14개 균주 시 4개 그룹으로 분류되었으며, Cluster I과 Cluster II는 58%의 유사도를 Cluster III과 Cluster IV는 41%의 유사성을 보였다. 또한 인공 재배한 잿빛만가닥버섯의 종 다양성을 분석하기위해 RAPD를 수행한 결과 가장 수량이 양호하며 우량계통인 SPA 202는 잿빛만가닥버섯인 Lyophyllum decastes SPA 203과 그룹화 되었으며 75%의 유사성을 보여주었고, Lyophyllum decastes 공시균주인 SPA 103과 SPA 104의 유사성은 65%로 나타났다.