• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 2002

Chemical composition, mineral compounds, cellular constituents, digestibility for dry matter, total digestible nutrients, and tannin constituents were investigated to evaluate feed value for oak and pine browses to use effectively browses as forest by products. The results of this study were as follows : Crude protein was 6.00∼7.89% for oak browse and 5.15∼6.06% for pine browse sampled through July to October, It gradually decreased in oak browse but not in pine browse as the growth of tree was progressed stages. Crude fat content of oak and pine browse were 1.90∼2.68% and 6.30∼6.33%. Crude fiber content was 33.3∼35.2% for oak browse and 33.7∼34.8% for pine browse and they tended to increase according to the growth stage of trees. Crude ash was 3.13∼2.78% for oak browse and 2.11 ∼1.93% for pine browse, respectively. Ca, Mg, Mn and Cu content were higher in oak browse than those in pine browse, but P, K, Na, Fe, and Zn content were similar each other. Mineral contents were decreased as the growth of tree was progressed(P<.05). Acid detergent fiber content of pine and oak browse were 47.7∼52.0% and 46.1∼48.1%, and they increased as the tree grew. Neutral detergent fiber content of pine and oak browse were 64.1∼67.9% and 65.0∼66.5%. NDF content was increased according to the tree growth in pine browse but it was the same in oak browse(P<.05). in vitro digestibility of dry matter was 51.7∼48.4% for pine browse that decreased according to the tree growth(p<.05) and 53.0∼5l.4% for oak browse. Total digestible nutrients of oak browse was 50.9∼52.4% and that of pine browse was 47.7∼51.1% which decreased as the tree grew. Oak browse showed the same relative feeding value(RFV) as pine browse, and it decreased as the growth of tree was progressed(P<.05). Tannin contents was 2.96% for oak browse, 6.27% for pine browse. Tannin contents decreased when browses were dried.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.135-143
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• 2015

This study evaluated fuel properties of composite materials which were prepared by mixing a waste activated carbon from the used purifier filter with torrefied wood powder. Wood species of the raw material of torrefied wood powder are oak wood (Quercus serrata Thunb. ex Murray) and pine wood (Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc). And the treatment conditions used for this study were 300 s, 450 s, and 600 s at $200^{\circ}C$ for the wood roaster. Also, the mixing ratios are 5 : 95, 10 : 90, 15 : 85, 20 : 80, 40 : 60, 60 : 40 and 80 : 20 (waste activated carbon : torrefied wood powder). The fuel properties such as highly heating value (HHV), elementary analysis and ash content were evaluated. The results obtained are followings; 1. Despite the same treatment condition of wood roasting, pine wood has higher carbon contents than oak wood. Therefore, pine wood indicated the optimum carbonization at low temperature and short treatment times. 2. The gross calorific value and ash content increased as the mixing ratio of waste activated carbon increased. 3. Mixtures of the waste activated carbon and torrefied wood powder showed greater gross calorific value than those of the mixtures of waste activated carbon and the untreated wood powder. Also, the pine wood resulted in higher heating value that thaose of the oak wood. 4. When composite fuels that were composed waste activate carbon and wood powder are used, higher temperature conditions are required because the combustion is incomplete at $800^{\circ}C$ and 4 hours. 5. The increasing rate of the gross calorific value of mixtures of waste activated carbon and untreated wood powder is higher than does the mixtures of waste activated carbon and torrefied wood powder. Also, this phenomenon is more obvious for pine woods. Therefore, an optimal mixing ratio of waste activated carbon was determined to be between 5% and 10% (wt%). Also, this condition satisfied the requirement of the No.1 grade of wood pellet.