• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제3권
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• pp.237-267
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is the approach to I.I.C.P. centered on the meaning of consciousness disorder and the pathological aspect of Kwul (Jose consciousness ; faint, fall into a coma). The meaning of consciousness disorder and apoplexy is evidently involved the definition of Kwul. 1. It is found that the etymological interpretation on Kwul which the energy rises back to go through blocked space and the meaning interpretation of regarding Kwul as apoplexy with medical viewpoint, are related with consciousness disorder and motor disturbance in IICP in the aspect of the rise of Kwul and the abnormal rising of vital energy and blood, In addtion, the overall of meaning of Kwul is showed in table <1-1> by reference to doctors of many generations, 2. The pathology of Kwul includes abnormal rising, sthenia-syndrome in the upper part and asthenia in the lower, the origin of Kwul, the lower, looking like Yin by too sthenic Yang and looking like Yang by too sthenic Yin. The headache, vomiting, papilledema, paralysis of nervi craniales, coma, blood pressure rising, tachycardia by I.I.C.P can be regarded as a conception of trouble of vital energy, sthenia-syndrome of Kwul. The pulse pressure, brachycardia, bradypnea can be regarded as the conception of looking like Yin by too sthenic Yang. 3. In the emergency of Kwul, the abnormal ternimal reversion of the Kwulyin channel, Kuyang channel, and three Yins are related with the phenomenon in I.I.C.P. It is considered that the reverse movement of materials, I.I.C.P. can be closely observed by giving meaning on the meridian of Kwul in Somunkwulron. And the content of phrases of Naelyung which includes consciousness disorder refered in the chapter of Kwul, is compared with I.I.C.P. 4. The followings should be considered; examination of optic symptom and abnormal posture in cerebral herniation ; understanding and working out counterplans of factors and symptoms of consciousness disorder by the observation of vital sign, check of general stages, neurologic inverstigation, clinical diagnosis, and subsidiary diagnosis; application of morphological change of opinion; addtion of the conception of demonstration centered on Yunkyung, Samyinkwulruk, asthenia and thenia of healthy energy in oriental medicine. 5. The similarity of Kwul and I.I.C.P. can be found from etiology and pathotenic factor. The similarity is clearly found by investigation of etiology, pathotenic factor, symptoms and thrapy of Kwul, disease symptom ar.d other symptoms.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2009

전자 기기 제품들이 소형화 및 휴대화 되면서 낙하충격 신뢰성에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 대표적인 무연솔더인 Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu 솔더를 이용하여 ENIG (Electroless Nickel Iimmersion Gold), OSP (Organic Solderability Preservative) 표면 처리와 등온 시효 시험 (High Temperature Storage test)에 따른 보드 레벨 패키지 (board level package)의 낙하충격 신뢰성 (drop reliability) 시험을 수행하였다. 또한 충격 조건을 변화시켜 시편에 가해지는 가속도 (G:acceleration)와 충격 지속 시간 (pulse duration)에 따른 신뢰성을 평가하였다. 기판의 strain측정 결과 중앙 부위가 가장 응력이 컸으며, 충격가속도에 비례하여 응력이 증가하였다. 시효 처리 전에는 OSP처리된 기판이 다소 우수한 신뢰성을 보였지만, 시효 처리후에는 ENIG기판에서 신뢰성이 우수하였고, 반대로 OSP는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. OSP의 경우 과도한 금속간화합물 (intermetallic compound)의 성장으로 인해 접합 계면에서 취성파괴 (brittle fracture)가 일어난 것을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.11-20
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• 1968

Maximal oxygen uptake was measured in thirty-three secondary school girls by means of the treadmill test. Eighteen middle school girls aged 14.0 (range: $13.0{\sim}15.9$) years and fifteen high school girls aged 16.9 (range: $16.0{\sim}18.0$) years served as subjects. Maximal treadmill run lasted for 2 minutes and 20 seconds and the expired air was collected in a Douglas bag through a J-valve during the last one minute period. In general, absolute values of various measurements in the high school girls were greater than those of the middle school girls. When values were expressed on the body weight or lean body weight basis, however, work capacity of middle school girls was superior to that of the high school girls. The detailed results are as follows: 1. In middle school girls maximal oxygen uptake was 1.78 l/min., 47.4 ml/kg body weight, 12.3 ml/cm body height, and 61.7ml/kg lean body mass. In high school girls maximal oxygen uptake was 1.93 l/min., 39.7ml/kg body weight, 12.3 ml/cm body height, and 51.2 ml/kg LBM. Although the absolute value of maximal oxygen uptake was greater in high school girls than in middle school girls, values expressed on the body weight basis showed the reverse trend, namely, values of the middle school girls was greater than those of the high school girls. 2. The ratio of maximal to resting oxygen uptake was 8.8 in the middle school girls and was 10.2 in the high school girls. 3. Maximal pulmonary ventilation in the middle school girls was 55.3 l/min. and 66.1 l/min. in the high school girls. The ratio of maximal to resting pulmonary ventilation was 10.2 in the middle school girls and 10.1 in the high school girls. 4. The correlation between body weight and maximal oxygen uptake was relatively high, namely, r=0.79 both in middle and high school girls. The correlation coefficient between body weight and maximal pulmonary ventilation was a little less that of between maximal oxygen uptake and showed a value of r=0.60 both in middle and high school girls. The lean body mass was a poor reference of maximal oxygen uptake or maximal pulmonary ventilation as compared to body weight. The correlation between maximal oxygen uptake and maximal pulmonary ventilation was high and the coefficient of correlation in middle school girls was 0.927 and in high school girls it was 0.856. 5. Maximal ventilation equivalent was 30.9 liters in middle school girls and 33.9 liters in high school girls. This indicated that no hyperventilation was induced during the maximal of oxygen uptake exercise period as related to the maximal oxygen uptake. 6. Heart rate reached to the peak value within 1.5 minutes after beginning of maximal oxygen uptake run and remained at the same peak plateau level throughout the entire running period. Heart rate decreased steeply on cessation of running and subsided slowly thereafter. The maximal heart rate was 184 beat/min. in middle school girls and 189 beat/min. in high school girls. 7. Maximal oxygen pulse was 9.4 in middle school girls and 9.9 ml/beat in high school girls.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.208-213
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• 2007

호흡곤란과 후지마비 및 발등부위의 괴사를 나타낸 수컷 진돗개가 전북대학교 동물의료센터에 내원하였다. 초기 검사에서 심장 사상충 감염이 확인되었다. 흉부방사선 외측상에서 폐동맥의 확장과 후엽의 간질패턴, 그리고 복배상에서 주 폐동맥의 뚜렷한 확장등이 관찰되어 심장사상충증을 뒷받침하였고, 복부 외측상 및 복배상에서 복부세부음영 소실이 관찰되어 복수를 의심하였다. 초음파상에서 복수와 불규칙한 간변연 그리고 신장양극의 피질에서 쐐기모양의 국소적 고에코상을 관찰하였으며 복부대동맥에서 분지하여 주행하는 바깥장골동맥의 3상형 동맥파형이 분지부 근위에서 관찰되었으나 이 후 대퇴동맥의 파형은 확인되지 않았다. 혈액화학검사에서 백혈구증다증, 빈혈, 혈색소 뇨, 고빌리루빈혈증, 저 알부민혈증, 전해질불균형, 그리고 간장 및 신장효소치의 상승등이 관찰되어 광범위한 장기의 손상이 의심되었다. 특히 글루코스는 정상적인 전지와 마비를 보이는 후지에서 비교한 결과 후지의 글루코스 수치가 현저하게 낮았다. 전산화단층촬영술 후 3차원으로 재구성한 영상을 이용하여 후지 마비의 원인으로 여겨지는 후지 동맥의 혈전색전증과 폐동맥혈전색전증 및 신장경색 등을 확인하였다. 예후불량으로 판단되었으며 실험적 중재적 방사선술을 시도하였으나 마취에서 깨어나지 못했다. 3차원 재구성 CT 영상은 색전증의 빠르고 정확한 진단에 유용하며 효과적인 치료 계획을 수립하는데도 큰 도움이 된다고 판단된다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제3권
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• pp.399-443
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• 1989

In this thesis, I intend to study the translational and clinical interpretation through the syndrom of "Pyong-Yeol-Byong", and reached the following conclusions. 1. Eum-Yang-Kyo (陰陽交)' 1) Meaning: "Eum" means "Essential and vital energy" "Yang" means "Evil factor affecting health" and "Kyo" means "cross-struggle." 2) Location of disease: Heat evil enter Hyeol-Bun (血分) 3) Pathogenesis: Heat evil invade Eum-Bun (陰分) and struggles with Health energy, therefore Eum-Chung (陰精) is exhausted and Heat-evil doesn't disapper, it damage Eum and exhaust fluid. Reach fever, rapid pulse raving and unable to take meal, not controled by sweating and sceach death. 4) Particularity of Syndrome: Heat enter Hyol-Bun, and Evil factor is enough and Health energy is insufficient, so that reveal the symptoms of high fever, delirium with coma, unable to take meals. 5) Therapy: It clears Gi-Bun heat evil (氣分熱邪) by Gypsum, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Forsythiae, Fructus Gardeniae, Radix Scutellanae Rhizoma Coptidis, and cools Blood by Cornu Rhinoceri Asiatici, Radix Rehmanniae, Cortex Moutan Radicis, Dae-Chung-Yob (大靑葉) Radix Arnebiae Seu Lithospermi. 2. Poong Gweol (風厥) 1) Meaning: Poong means wind-evil, Gweol means reversing up. 2) Location of disease: Disease complexes with TaeYang (太陽) in outer part, and with So-Eum (少陰) in inner part. 3) Pathogenesis: Tae-Yang-Gyeong (太陽經) accept wind-evil and So-Eum-Gyeong (少陽經) Kidney Energy reverse up so that fidgetiness not resolves by sweating. 4) Particularity of Syndrome: There are outer symptoms of fever, hydrosis with inner symptoms of fidgetinessis. 5) Therapy: Reduce Jok-Tae-Yang (足太陽) and Supply Jok-So-Eum (足少陰) by accupuncture, so cure Poong Gweol and make balance between Yeong (營) and Wi (衛). 3. Scrofula coused by wind-evil (勞風) 1) Meaning: It means accepting wind evil rest less. 2) Location of Disease: It locates lung 3) Pathogenesis: Because of accepting wind-evil restless, he take scrofula with damaging lung. 4) Particularity of disease: It is lung disease of aversion to wind and shiver, nape-stiffiness, dim eyesight, cough, disphea, vomitting sputum, if one camnot vomit sputum, he died by damage of lung. 5) Therapy: The period of therapy is different by age or strength of health energy, so I think must prevent Eum deficiency and clear fever no reduced in lung. 4. Shin-Poong (腎風) 1) Meaning: It means taking edema by accepting wind-evil, because the kidney controls water. 2) Location of Disease: It is that wind-evil envade kidney. 3) Pathogenesis : Water evil of kidney with wind-heat rises up to face, reach edema, puffines s of the lower eyelid, floating pulse, bombus, yellowish urine, hydrosis and hand-heating, drymouth and excessive thirsty, walkless by heaviness, menstrual disfunction, restless and unable to take meals, unable to lie flat, heavy cough if lie flat, and accepting wind-evil by deficiency of kidney function, so the function of dredging the water passage is not smooth, symptom of water and symptom of wind reveal together. 4) Therapy: Remove wind-heat, promote diuresis to eliminate tile wetness-evil, supplement the dificiency of kidney's Eum. Finally, we can know that later Fever Disease Medicime (溫病學) is affected to the theory of "Pyong Yeol Byong" in 33th Chapter of SoMoon (素問).