• Title/Summary/Keyword: pulse test

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Pulp Vitality Evaluation and Comparison with Old Methods Using Pulse Oximetry (맥박산소측정기(pulse oximetry)를 이용한 치수 생활력 측정과 기존 방법과의 비교)

  • Kwon, Ik-Jae;Seo, Kwang-Suk;Kim, Jung-Wook;Chang, Ju-Hea;Kong, Hyoun-Joong
    • Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.17-23
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    • 2012
  • Background: This study evaluated pulp vitality of anterior permanent teeth using pulse oximetry (PO), which is already used for monitoring of patient's $SpO_2$ and pulse rates (PR). Also we compared with ice tests and electric pulp test (EPT). Methods: 9 teeth, endodontic treated, were selected as non-vital teeth group. 17 vital teeth were selected as control group. Our aim is to compare sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of ice test, electric pulp test and pulse oximetry, respectively. Pulse oximetry has two test results, $SpO_2$ and pulse rates. Also we calculated correlation and statistical significances by Pearson's test between EPT and pulse oximetry. Results: Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV were calculated on each tests. Ice test has results of 1.00, 0.89, 0.94 and 1.00, respectively. EPT has results of 0.94, 0.78, 0.89 and 0.88 respectively. $SpO_2$ has results of 0.94, 1.00, 1.00 and 0.90, respectively. PR has results of all 1.00. Conclusions: PO showed relatively accurate, stable and objective results on both $SpO_2$ and PR. Percentage of ability of accurate diagnosis for vital teeth is 94% for ice test, 89% for EPT, 100% for $SpO_2$ and PR. Percentage of ability of accurate diagnosis for non-vital teeth is 100% for ice test, 88% for EPT, 90% for $SpO_2$ and 100% for PR. In additions, PR could be more accurate and significant tests than $SpO_2$.

A New Strength Equations of Concrete by Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test (콘크리트의 초음파속도 시험식 제안)

  • Yoo Jae Eun;Park Song Chul;Kim Min Su;Kwon Young Wung
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.619-622
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    • 2005
  • This study concerns the new strength equation of concrete by ultrasonic pulse velocity test. There are not only few estimate strength equations of concrete by ultrasonic pulse velocity test, but also many problems to apply them because of time,. cost, easiness, structural damage, reliability and so on. For this study, there performed a series of test and proposed equations as follows; Linear: ${\Large f}_{ck}=-193.15+60.97Vp\;r^2=77.9\%$ Quadratic : ${\Large f}_{ck}=276.85-189.64Vp+33.22Vp^2\;r^2=80.3\%$ here, $f_{ck}$ : Estimated compressive strength of concrete by MPa Vp : Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity of concrete by km/sec

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The Shock-Test Result and Analysis Using Dual-Pulse Shock Testing Machine (이중충격파형 충격시험장비를 이용한 충격시험 결과 및 분석)

  • Bae, Jongsoo
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.342-348
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    • 2018
  • The important issue of equipment installed in maritime weapon system is shock survivability against underwater explosion(UNDEX). If the shock survivability of equipment should not be guaranteed, the successful mission also could not be achieved. For that reason, the shock-resistance of each equipment under UNDEX environment should be demonstrated before deployment at combat field. However, the actual UNDEX test on the ocean is too expensive to conduct. Also, it has diverse dangerous factors. The main characteristic of UNDEX is a dual-pulse shock. The vertical shock test machine able to simulate dual pulse shock signal on the ground will be introduced in this paper. The dual-pulse shock signal presented in certain shock standard was achieved with this shock-test machine on the ground. The analytical procedure to set a test condition was verified by comparing simulation result with experiment result.

A New Strength Equation of Concrete by Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test (초음파시험법에 의한 콘크리트의 강도 추정)

  • Yoo Jae-Eun;Park Song-Chul;Kim Min-Su;Kwon Young-Wung
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2004.11a
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    • pp.129-132
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    • 2004
  • This study concerns the new strength equation of concrete by ultrasonic pulse velocity test. There are not only few estimate strength equations of concrete by ultrasonic pulse velocity test, but also many problems to apply them because of time, cost, easiness, structural damage, reliability and so on. For this study, there performed a series of test and proposed equations as follows; $$Linear\;:\;f_{kc}=65.43Vp-207.18\;r^2=80.8\%$$ $$Quadratic\;:\;f_{ck}=42.35Vp^2-250.71Vp+378.8\;r^2=83.7\%$$ here, fck : Estimated compressive strength of concrete by MPa Vp: Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity of concrete by km/sec.

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Analysis of Blood Pressure Pulse in Female High School Students with Menstrual Disorders (월경장애를 가진 여고생의 맥진분석)

  • Kim, Soo-Hyun;Cho, Hye-Sook;Lee, In-Seon
    • The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.82-91
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    • 2013
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study is to find out the patterns of teenage girls who is easy to suffer from Menstrual Disorders. Methods: The data from the 1681 participants were collected using a structured menstrual history questionnaire. Based on the survey responses, we had 97 adolescents with menstrual disorder as the test group and 97 adolescents without menstrual disorder as the control group. The clinical trials subjects were asked to respond to another questionnaire for identifying Blood Pressure Pulse Analyzer tests. We identified significant variables for dysmenorrhea from comparison between the test and control group; a binary response variable from the test group's responses for ever experiencing dysmenorrhea and explanatory variables from Blood Pressure Pulse Analyzer. Results: The reselts of Blood Pressure Pulse Analyzer test showed that the score of Energ_R, EIX_R were lower in dysmenorrhea group than the control group. The reselts of Blood Pressure Pulse Analyzer test showed that the score of Energ_R, EIX_R were lower, and T4_R were higher in hypomenorrhea group than the control group. The reselts of Blood Pressure Pulse Analyzer test showed that the score of Energ_R, EIX_R were lower in Irregular Menstruation group than the control group. Conclusions: Blood Pressure Pulse Analyzer test showed that the score of Energ_R, EIX_R were lower in the test group than the control group.

Development of a 3.6 MW, $4\;{\mu}s$, 200 pps Pulse Modulator for a High Power Magnetron (고출력 마그네트론 구동용 3.6 MW, $4\;{\mu}s$, 200 pps 펄스 모듈레이터 개발)

  • Jang Sung-Duck;Kwon Sei-Jin;Bae Young-Soon;Oh Jong-Seok;Cho Moo-Hyun;Namkung Won;Son Yoon-Kyoo
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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    • v.54 no.3
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    • pp.120-126
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    • 2005
  • The Korean Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) tokamak device is being constructed to perform long-pulse, high-beta, advanced tokamak fusion physics experiments. The long-pulse operation requires the non-inductive current drive system such as the Lower-Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD) system. The LHCD system drives the non-inductive plasma current by means of C-band RF with 2-MW CW power and 5-GHz frequency. For the LHCD test experiments, an RF test system is developed. It is composed of a 5-GHz, 1.5-MW pulsed magnetron and a compact pulse modulator with $4\;{\mu}s$ of pulse width. The pulse modulator provides the maximum output voltage of 45 kV and the maximum current of 90 A. It is composed of 7 stages of Pulse Forming Network (PFN), a thyratron tube (E2V, CX1191D), and a pulse transformer with 1:4 step-up ratio. In this paper, the detailed design and the performance test of the pulse modulator are presented.

Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Pulse and Direct Current Electrodeposited Ni-TiO2 Nano Composite Coatings

  • Gyawali, Gobinda;Woo, Dong-Jin;Lee, Soo-Wohn
    • Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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    • v.43 no.6
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    • pp.283-288
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    • 2010
  • Ni-$TiO_2$ nano composite coatings were fabricated using pulse current electrodeposition technique at 100 Hz pulse frequency with a constant 50% pulse duty cycles and reference was taken with respect to the direct current (dc) electrodeposition. The properties of the composite coatings were investigated by using SEM, XRD, Wear test and Vicker's microhardness test. Pulse electrodeposited composite has exhibited enhancement of (111), (220), and (311) diffraction lines with an attenuation of (200) line. The results demonstrated that the microhardness of composite coatings under pulse condition was significantly improved than that of pure nickel coating as well as dc electrodeposited Ni-$TiO_2$ composite coatings. Wear tracks have shown the less plastic deformation in pulse plated composite. Coefficient of friction was also found to be lower in pulse plated composite coatings as compared to dc plated composite coatings.

Compare Characteristics of Neck Injuries between Rear Impact Pulse and NCAP Pulse (후방 충돌 펄스와 NCAP 펄스 차이로 인한 목상해 특성 비교)

  • Kim, Jong Kon;Park, Jong Ho
    • Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.7-12
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    • 2017
  • The whiplash is the most important issue of low speed rear-impact. So auto makers are committed to developing a seat to improve whiplash injury. Most NCAP tests have been used by same pulse (Mid Velocity 16kph). Only Euro NCAP uses different pulse that consists of Low, Mid, High velocity. But Euro NCAP also uses same pulse in Mid velocity as other NCAP test. That Mid velocity NCAP pulse was made by rear impact that has 90's vehicle structure properties. That pulse was used until now days. However these days, auto maker use more high tensile steel than 90's as customer and society demand more fuel efficiency and light vehicle with good safety structure. So modern vehicles have different pulse patterns of rear impact than NCAP pulse and 90's vehicle crash properties. In this paper, the test was conducted by following condition. Target car was impacted by the rigid barrier with certain velocity. Finally target vehicle gained delta V 16kph which was same velocity as NCAP Mid Velocity pulse. It is critical velocity which occur long period neck injury. It is very different pulse that was gained by real car impact from NCAP pulse. And it has higher peak G with high fluctuation and short duration than NCAP pulse.

Effects of 10 % Lidocaine Spray and Aroma Hand Massage on Pain, Anxiety, Blood Pressure, and Pulse During Arteriovenous Fistula Needling in Hemodialysis Patients (10% 리도카인 분무와 아로마 손 마사지가 혈액투석 동정맥루 천자 시의 통증, 불안, 혈압 및 맥박에 미치는 효과)

  • Song, Ji Mi;Park, Hye-Ja
    • The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: To determine the effects of 10 % lidocaine spray and aroma hand massage on pain, anxiety, blood pressure, and pulse during arteriovenous (AV) fistula needling in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design. Forty HD patients were assigned to either 10 % lidocaine spray group (n=21) or aroma massage group (n=19). 10 % lidocaine was sprayed 3 times around AV fistula 10 minutes before. Aroma hand massage was performed for 5 minutes with fluids containing 2 % of lavender, peppermint, and geranium concentrate mixture. Pain, anxiety, blood pressure, and pulse were measured during AV fistula needling without any intervention on the first week and during interventions on the second week. Data were analyzed with ${\chi}^2$ test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, paired t-test and MANCOVA. Results: Pain and anxiety were significantly decreased in both the lidocaine spray group and aroma massage group. Aroma hand massage was more effective to reduce pulse during AV fistula needling. Conclusion: The results suggest that 10% lidocaine spray and aroma hand massage may be effective to reduce pain, anxiety, and pulse during AV fistula needling in HD patients.

Applicability of Pulse Tests to Estimate Transmissivity in Crystalline Rock (결정질 암반의 투수량계수 도출을 위한 펄스시험의 적용성 연구)

  • Park, Kyung-Woo;Park, Byeong-Hak;Ko, Nak-Youl;Ji, Sung-Hoon
    • The Journal of Engineering Geology
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.223-235
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    • 2020
  • In this study, pulse tests were undertaken at an underground research facility, as part of in-situ hydraulic tests, to derive the hydrogeological characteristics of crystalline rock. The applicability of pulse tests for estimating the transmissivity of a fractured rock mass was evaluated by comparing the results to those from a slug test. Results from the pulse and slug tests were very similar for the test section, with both tests indicating low transmissivity. A slight difference between the results of pulse and slug tests, however, was observed in the section with the transmissivity larger than 1 × 10-8 ㎡/s, which is likely due to the difference in the radii of influence of the tests. Furthermore, when the pulse test was conducted in permeable zones where transmissivity was larger than 1 × 10-7 ㎡/s, it was difficult to produce accurate results. This lack of accuracy was due to the rapid recovery of the hydraulic head in these permeable test zones. When performing pulse tests, it was important to accurately measure the pressure when valves were opened and closed in order to apply the head change in the test section. Although it is difficult to derive the hydrogeological characteristics from pulse tests in areas with high permeability, these tests can be used as an economical test method for identifying hydrogeological characteristics in a relatively short time, especially when deriving the transmissivity of rocks with low permeability.