• 분석과학
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.63-78
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• 2024

The continuous increasing of the global demand of copper and nickel metals raises the interest in developing alternative technologies to produce them from copper sulfide ore. Also, in line with Egypt's vision 2030 for achieving the sustainable socioeconomic development which aims at developing alternative and eco-friendly technologies for processing the Egyptian ores to produce these strategic products instead of its importing. These metals enhance the advanced electrical and electronic industries. The current work aims at investigating the recovery of copper and nickel from Abu Swayeil copper ore using pug leaching technique by sulfuric acid. The factors affecting the pug leaching process including the sulfuric acid concentration, leaching time and temperature have been investigated. The copper ore sample was characterized chemically using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDX). A response surface methodology develops a quadratic model that expects the nickel and copper leaching effectiveness as a function of three controlling factors involved in the procedure of leaching was also investigated. The obtained results showed that the maximum dissolution efficiency of Ni and Cu are 99.06 % and 95.30%, respectively which was obtained at the following conditions: 15 % H₂SO₄ acid concentration for 6 hr. at 250 ℃. The dissolution kinetics of nickel and copper that were examined according to heterogeneous model, indicated that the dissolution rates were controlled by surface chemical process during the pug leaching. The activation energy of copper and nickel dissolution were 26.79 kJ.mol^-1 and 38.078 kJ.mol^-1 respectively; and the surface chemical was proposed as the leaching rate-controlling step.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.371-374
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• 2002

A female 8-year-old Pug weighing 7.3 kg and a female 10-year-old Maltese dog weighing 3.5 kg showing anorexia and vomiting for a few weeks were referred to Veterinary Medical leaching Hospital, Seoul National University. Radiographic findings were an enlarged right kidney in a pug dog and a radiopaque material on the right ureteral region lateral to the third lumbar vertebrae with indefinite right kidney contour in a Maltese dog, repectively. Excretory urography performed in a Pug dog revealed a poor opacified enlarged right kidney with absent of pelvic recesses and pelvic dilation with proximal ureteral dilation on contralateral kidney. Ultrasonographic findings were enlarged kidney with dilated pelvis and echogenic sediment within the medulla in both dogs and especially an engorged proximal ureter and a thin rim of functional renal tissue remains in a Maltese dog. Those diagnostic findings indicated high possibility of pyelonephritis and these were confirmed by pathologic examination. Radiography and ultrasonography, although not giving final diagnosis for pyelonephritis, are useful for assessment and diagnosis of pyelonephritis.