• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.231-238
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• 1984

질병의 진단이나 예후를 판정함에 도움이 되고자 의학분야에서 정상 범위를 정의해 왔으며, 이 정의에 도입된 전통적인 통계적 방법으로는 정규 확률지를 사용하여 정상범위를 추정함이었다. 이 방법은 정상군과 질병군의 검사 성적 분포가 각각 정규 분포한다는 가정에서 시작되며, 이 가정이 보편적일 수 없음을 여러 연구(Elveback et al, 1970; Feinstein, 1977)에서 밝히고 있다. 또한 통계적 방법론중 일상 사용되고 있는 평균치로부터 두배의 표준 편차 거리로 나타 내어지는 구간을 정상 범위로 추정함은 비대칭 분포의 경우 합당치 못한 경우가 생기게 된다. 대칭과 비대칭의 분포에 합당하게 사용될 수 있는 방법은 백분율에 근거한 방법으로 특정한 의학적인 요구가 없는 한 균등한 하단과 상단의 백분율 구간을 정함이 상례였다고 보겠다. 그러나 높은 칼슘의 수치를 나타내 보이는 환자에게 주의가 필요함과 같이 특수한 의학적인 촉구에 의해 하단과 상단의 불균등한 백분율 지점을 정상범위로 선정할 수도 있으나 백분율의 표준 오차에 근거해서 정상 구간이 추정되어야 하겠다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the related factors to dental care utilization, oral health behaviors, and oral health status in immigrant workers in Korea. Methods: The subjects were 504 foreign immigrant male workers over 20 years old who visited Daegu labor consultation center for oral health survey and oral examination. The questionnaire included 5 questions of socioeconomic characteristics, 8 questions of oral health practice behavior, 6 questions of dental clinic visit, 8 questions of social relations and Korean language proficiency. The question for health behavior was measure by body mass index(BMI). Social relations and Korean language proficiency instrument was modified by Seol from "Family welfare survey in Korean international marriage" and scored by Liker 5 scale. Results: The oral health examination of the immigrant workers was as follows: decayed teeth - 76.6%, filling teeth - 27.4%, missing teeth - 69.8%, dental caries experience above five or more - 60.2%, periodontal pocket tissues - 58.9%. Simplified Oral Hygiene Index was very poor and accounted for 49.0%. Dental care utilization experience was closely associated with social relation indexes including attendance in family events, household stuff help, financial help and counseling for hard work(p<0.01). Dental care utilization experience proportionally increased with proficiency in Korean literacy including speaking, listening, and writing abilities of Korean language(p<0.01). Conclusions: In order to improve the oral health condition of the immigrant workers, it is important to provide social network, Korean language proficiency support, and health insurance coverage through economic burden reduction by the Korean government.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.3-22
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• 2014

아세안은 아세안 경제공동체를 통해 거대경제권과 아시아의 FTA 허브로 변화하고 있다. 한국이 아세안과 통상관계를 확대 발전시키려면 아세안의 변화를 정확히 이해해야 한다. 한국의 대아세안 통상정책, ODA 정책, 기업의 투자는 아세안의 변화와 변화하고자 하는 미래 모습에 발맞추어 시의적절하게 이루어져야 한다. 한국은 아세안의 변화를 체계적으로 이해하고 이를 통해서 한국이 아세안과 통상협력을 통해 동반성장할 수 있는 방안을 마련해야 한다. 특히 한국은 아세안의 통상파트너로서 아세안의 한계와 문제점을 한아세안 통상협력을 통해 해결할 수 있는 다각적인 방안을 마련해야 한다. 본 논문은 아세안의 변화와 한아세안 통상관계를 다각적으로 분석하여 아세안의 변화에 능동적으로 대응할 수 있는 한국의 대아세안 통상전략을 제시하고자 한다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2020

본 연구는 대학생들의 인식을 통해 의사소통 능력과 향후 진로의 관점에서 L2 구두 발표가 갖는 효과에 대해 살펴보고자 했다. 질적 연구 방식을 활용한 연구로 초급반과 중급반에서 L2 구두 발표 수업을 수강한 13명의 대학생이 심층적이고 반 구조화된 면접에 참여했다. 학생들의 다양한 의견으로 도출된 결과에 따르면, 구두 발표가 크게 세 가지면에서 긍정적인 효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. L2 구두 발표는 말하기, 쓰기, 읽기, 쓰기의 네 가지 언어 영역을 향상시키고, 발표에 대한 자신감을 고취시키며, 향후 취업에도 경쟁력을 불어 넣어 주는 것으로 인식되었다. L2 학습자들에게는 어려운 과제이지만, 구두 발표는 학교 수업과 직업 수행의 환경에서 요구되는 효과적인 의사소통능력을 배양하는 데 필수적인 요소로 평가되었다.

• Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.354-361
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of injection laryngoplasty (IL) with hyaluronic acid in patients with vocal fold paralysis (VFP). Methods: A total of 50 patients with VFP participated in this study. Pre- and post-IL assessments were performed, which included analyzing the sustained vowel /a/ phonation, and the patient reading 1 Korean sentence from the "Walk" passage that comprised 25 syllables in 10 words. To investigate the effect of IL on vocal fold function, acoustic analysis (acoustic voice quality index, cepstral peak prominence, maximum phonation time, speaking fundamental frequency) was conducted and auditory-perceptual (grade and overall severity), visual judgment (gap), and self-questionnaire (voice handicap index-10) assessments were performed. Results: The patients with VFP showed statistically significant differences between pre-and post-IL assessments for acoustic and auditory-perception, visual judgment, and self-questionnaire assessments. Conclusion: The patients with VFP showed positive change in vocal fold function between pre- and post-IL measurements. The findings showed that IL with hyaluronic acid is an effective method to improve vocal fold function in patients with VFP.

• 한국철학논집
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• 제53호
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• pp.9-33
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• 2017

본 논문의 목적은 고려후기 급변하는 시대상황에서 삶을 영위한 백문보의 역사의식을 재조명하여 그 속에 함의되어 있는 사상적 특성을 고찰하는데 있다. 백문보는 권부와 백이정의 영향으로 유교에 관심을 갖게 되었으며, 유교의 경전에 입각하여 나라를 근심하고 백성을 구휼하려는 자세로 낡은 제도를 개선하는데 많은 노력을 기울였다. 백문보는 공리와 화복의 학설을 따르지 않고 유교경전으로 돌아갈 것과 불교에 대한 교단적 비판을 통해 배불숭유론을 전개하며, 토지제도를 비롯한 제 모순을 척결하는 등 국가적 차원에서 유교사회로의 전환을 시도하였다. 또한 그는 당시 정책의 문제점들을 정확히 파악하고 그 개선방안을 제시함으로써 민생안정을 도모하였다. 백문보의 변통적 시무정책론은 무엇보다 유교적 사회구조 속에서 근본이 되는 백성의 삶을 시대적 적합성에 따라 가장 효율적으로 실현시키기 위한 사회변화의 방법으로서 중요한 의미를 지니는 것이었다. 백문보는 당시 백성들의 입장을 적극적으로 대변하려 하였고, 백성들을 고통과 도탄에 빠뜨리고 있는 권세가들의 전횡을 적극적으로 비판하는 그의 태도는 고려후기 신진사류들의 사상적 입장과 그 궤를 같이 하는 것이었다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2021

영어 교육에서 의사소통적 접근 방식을 채택함에 따라 한국 학생과 교사의 의사소통 능력을 향상시키기 위해 1995 년 교육부는 영어 원어민 화자를 모집하여 영어 교사로 활용하는 한국 영어 프로그램(EPIK)을 도입하였다. 이 프로그램을 통하여 영어를 모국어로 사용하는 7개 나라에서 모집된 영어 원어민 교사들은 한국의 공립학교에서 한국인 영어교사와 함께 영어를 가르치고 있다. 하지만 이 프로그램의 효율성에 대해 많은 의문이 제기되어 왔다. 따라서 이 논문을 통해 EPIK 프로그램에 대한 조사를 통해 EPIK의 효과와 목표로 하는 프로그램의 현재 상태, 문제점 및 방향을 탐색하고자 한다. 끝으로 본 논문은 EPIK프로그램의 활용성을 높이기 위해 오리엔테이션 및 교육훈련 프로그램에서 VR 사용가능성을 포함한 몇 가지 가능한 대책과 제안을 제시하고자 한다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.450-457
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• 2020

Background: The production of glass beads in Ghana is greatly impacted by the ingenuity of Ghanaian women. Preliminary investigations revealed the lack of interest on the part of women due to poor working conditions as a result of the influence of culture-specific silence. Therefore, the study investigated the poor working conditions faced by these industrious women with the ultimate goal of suggesting ways they can be empowered. Methods: A phenomenological study was conducted in two indigenous glass bead communities in Ghana. Data were solicited via direct observations, personal interviews and focus group discussions. Twenty-six purposively sampled respondents were recruited for the study. Data from the study were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Results: The results confirmed that the elderly women glass bead makers are much influenced by the Ghanaian culture of silence. This prevents the women from speaking about the challenges they are facing in their work. Also, the women are silenced because of the fear of losing their jobs as well as the reluctance of their male managers to remedy the challenges they encounter in the course of work. This has resulted in poor remuneration, lack of insurance packages for workers, certification, and absence of personal protective tools for the women. Conclusion: The study tasks the government of Ghana, the Legal Advocacy for Women in Africa (LAWA), the Fair Wages and Salaries Commission in Ghana, the Ghana Trade Union as well as the Local Government Workers' Union to empower the women to sustain the glass bead industry in Ghana.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.35-50
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• 2023

Assistive technologies are necessary for ensuring independent living and equal participation in an information-based society for people living with disabilities (PLWD). This study investigated the assistive technology preference of students with visual disabilities, and the approach academic libraries should adopt in procuring assistive technologies. The study adopted a quantitative research method, with a survey as the research design. The study was conducted among visually disabled students in four public universities in Nigeria. Using the total enumeration method, an online questionnaire was used to obtain information from 151 students who voluntarily agreed to partake in the survey. The study found that access to electronic resources, scanning/conversion of print resources to electronic formats and access to information on the Web were among the technology-based services provided to visually disabled students. COBRA, ZoomText, Supernova and Dragon Naturally Speaking are the most preferred assistive technologies (software). At the same time, handheld scanners ($\bar{x}=4.40$) and braille keyboards ($\bar{x}=4.60$) are the most preferred assistive technologies in the hardware category by visually challenged students. The study further revealed that the library management should consult with students living with a visual disability before procuring assistive technology. Findings from this study thus provide further evidence of the need for librarians to fulfil their moral and legal obligation in advocating the provision of assistive technologies. Library administrators and university stakeholders should expedite actions on meeting the assistive technology needs of people living with visual disabilities. These actions should transcend mere policy formulation on the provision of assistive technologies to restructuring their services and spaces to accommodate assistive technologies as information service delivery tools for people with visual disabilities.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.240-247
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• 2001

The history of rehabilitation of disabilities in Korea began with the foreigners and missionaries who were interested in it after Korean War. In 1981, Disabled Persons Welfare Act was enacted and the 88 Paralympics brought the nations attention to the welfare and rehabilitation of persons with disabilities. Since then, the facilities and the services for the disabled persons have expanded rapidly and the rehabilitation treatment and nursing intervention are drawing more attention. Against this background, the survey on the current status of disabilities, welfare service, facilities, and rehabilitation nursing was conducted. The results of this survey are as follows. 1. According to the 2000 census of disabilities, the number of persons with disabilities in Korea is estimated at 1,449,500, or 3.09% of the entire Korean population, 0.74% up from 2.35% in 1995. 2. Disability Types in 2000 The 2000 census showed that the persons with disabilities numbered 1,449,496 out of the total population and 1,024,371 persons are registered for disability, making up 70.7% of the estimated disabled population. Among them, physically disabled persons accounted for the largest 41.7% (605,127) and mentally retarded persons stood at the smallest 9% (13,481). 3. Percentage of Disability Presence The survey showed that more than 90% of disability were acquired. However, 44.8% of mental disability and 61.4% of hearing/speaking disability were not acquired after birth. This means that these disabilities happened by congenital cause or birth accident. 4. Yearly Figure of Registered Disabled Persons In 1989, 218,601 persons registered for disability and, in 2000, the number increased by 4.7 times to 1,024,371. These figures are different from the actual number of disabled persons. According to the 1995 census, 1,053,486 were disabled persons but only 378,323registered for disability. And, in the 2000 census, 1,024,371 out of the 1,449,496 of disabled persons registered for disability. 5. Welfare Service for Persons with Disability 62.6% of the total disabled people are registered and physically disabled persons accounted for the highest percentage of 96.7%. 26.5% of non-registered disabled people said that they didnt know the registration procedure. The rest of them replied that they didnt think they were disabled or that registration didnt seem to give any benefits. 6. Welfare Policies for Disabled Persons The welfare benefits given to the disabled are as follows: Issuance of disabled sign for car drivers, Permission to use LPG fuel, Communication fee reduction, Tax exemption related to cars, Reduction of public facility fees, Household allowance, Tax reduction or exemption, Medical allowance and education subsidy for children, and Housing. 7. Current Condition of Welfare Facilities by Disability Type The welfare institutions for disabilities numbered 188 in total and they can accommodate 16,823 persons. Categories of these institutions are physical disability(37), visual disability(10), hearing/speaking disability(14), mental retardation(59), and sanatoriums(68). 8. Human Resource of Rehabilitation of Disabilities Advanced education programs include rehabilitation nursing in its curriculum and this was selected as the program of Korean Academic Society of Nursing in 1990. In November 1997, Korean Academic Society of Rehabilitation Nursing was launched and many academic meeting and seminars were held. This organization is also making efforts to develop the education program for qualified rehabilitation nursing professionals and to develop the standards of rehabilitation nursing practice. In the professionals of the rehabilitation, there are rehabilitation specialist, physical therapist, speech therapist, occupational therapist. It is needed to come up with the measures to supply stable human resources following the demand of disabled persons and to recognize the private certificates for rehabilitation professionals as official ones after reviewing the education and training programs of private institutions. 9. Rehabilitation Nursing 1) Rehabilitation nursing was taught as an independent subject in 11 undergraduate programs and 9 graduate programs. 2) Research on rehabilitation nursing in Korea were 24 experimental research and 11 non-experimental research. The intervention of experimental research were mostly education and exercise rehabilitation programs. 3) In the three rehabilitation hospitals, nursing is divided into two categories, direct nursing and education & counseling. Direct nursing includes tracheostomy or nasogastric tube care, urination and defication, skin care, pain control, complication prevention and care, prevention of injury from a fall, etc.