• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.109-133
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• 2006

The Study investigated economic effects and the conditions in the public Shipping e-marketplace. For efficient operation of the public Shipping e-marketplace, this study analyzed how do the participation and community actualize in the public Shipping e-marketplace actualize. According to the research results of the Shipping Cooperations, For Promoting participation in the public Shipping e-marketplace, the Cyber-intermediary operating public Shipping e-marketplace provides timely shipping information, needs publicity strategy generating more benefits than offline transaction, and gives a conviction of the searching costs and transaction costs decrease. Second For promoting community, the Cyber-intermediary must playa major role in electronic community and drive forward continuous publicity strategy in the public Shipping e-marketplace.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.127-150
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• 2012

A survey showed that the public perception of the shipping industry's overall image and economic role was relatively positive. The survey revealed that public perception was mixed with respect to the multifaceted role of the shipping industry. Based on the results of this survey, this paper proposes three approaches to improving the public perception of the shipping industry. The organization contact approach includes establishing shipping institutes for city people, holding various events targeted at the public, establishing a shipping memorial hall, developing a shipping-related culture and tourism, reinventing the image of the shipping industry through a shipping-culture movement, and creating new views of the shipping industry by conducting formal education. The goods and services contact approach includes building a brand image for shipping services, providing B2C services, utilizing the national image for the shipping industry, and participating in international cooperation projects. The text contact approach includes B2B advertising, advertisements focused on the national economic and multifaceted role of the shipping industry, package advertisements for the shipping industry and related industries, the Internet and high-technology media, government-initiated PR activities regarding the multifaceted role of the shipping industry, and funding for advertising the shipping industry.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.41-50
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• 2021

This study investigated what the general public thinks about the shipping industry and how important it is. As a result of the study, more than half of the respondents answered that they knew a little about the shipping industry or that they were normally knew about the shipping industry. Regarding the necessity of budget input to prevent bankruptcy of national shipping companies, it was found that more than half of the respondents answered that it was necessary or moderate. Regarding the necessity of maintaining a national shipping companies, 53% of respondents said it was necessary, and 23% of respondetns said it was normal. However, when asked if they thought that maintaining a national shipping companies would benefit me and my family, 39% of respondetns answered "normal" and 28% of respondetns answered "mostly". As for the cause of Hanjin Shipping's bankruptcy, 49% of respondents said that the owners' family members were immoral and incompetent, and 17.4% of respondetns said that the shipping market conditions deteriorated. Regarding the necessity of fostering the shipping industry, foreign currency acquisition and service balance improvement through export of shipping services accounted for 43.5%, and smooth transportation of import and export cargo accounted for 36.5%. When asked what kind of damage I suffered from Hajin Shipping's bankruptcy, 54.6% answered other (not much), and 14.5% said inflation. Abouve these results, this study gave implication in terms of public promotion and transparent business management.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.401-408
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• 2015

This research seeks to improve the understanding of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and its advantages in the shipping sector. Recently, an improved emphasis on CSR, which incorporates environmental and social concerns into economic considerations of firms, can be found in business management and marketing literature. This is mainly because of people's increased awareness in regards to the negative consequences of corporate activities such as increased environmental pollution and gaps between the rich and the poor. According to the previous literature, it has been revealed that responsible actions by companies can generate positive outcomes in terms of financial and time aspects, but more importantly, intangible equity of the company, including improved corporate reputation, image as well as brand. As the regulation is intensifying in regards to environmental and social responsibility in the shipping sector, shipping companies are trying to engage in CSR to gain competitive advantages. While the reputation and image of shipping companies play essential roles for developing sustainable maritime transport, few studies have been conducted for how the CSR of shipping companies influence the shipping companies' reputation and image relative to other industries. In this regard, this study aims to investigate the effect of the corporate social responsibility on corporate reputation and image of shipping companies on the basis of an exploratory study in the Republic of Korea. This research would be beneficial to both academics and practitioners for developing useful CSR strategies which could promote the public's recognition of the shipping sector.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.175-180
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• 2022

Data is an important resource to expect new value as 21st-century crude oil. In the shipping industry, despite the existence of numerous maritime data accumulated through ship operations, it was negligent in developing a business model with the data. This paper identified major demand sources and demand types based on the type and availability of maritime data surveyed through interviews with experts in the shipping industry and academia. Considering the characteristics and demands of these maritime data, this paper presented a private-type and public-interest business model. In the case of the private-type model, it creates additional added value by using maritime data and uses mainly ship internal data. The public-type model is to seek public safety and social benefits and mainly uses external data. A great synergy effect can be expected when combined with public services such as maritime survey, vessel traffic service, maritime environment management, and meteorological service. This study is expected to contribute greatly to the spread of the proposed business models throughout the shipping industry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.17-27
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• 1994

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.37
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• pp.217-250
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• 2008

The International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code which was developed as the main response of the shipping sector to the miserable event of 11 September 2001 came into effect on 1 July 2004. The ISPS Code designed to detect and eliminate security threats affecting ships and port facilities used in international trade will significantly impact not only on the management and operation of the shipping industry but also on maritime law despite the fact that it is the regulatory framework of public law. It is expected that implementing the ISPS Code will contribute to reinforcement of maritime security on the one hand. However, on the other hand, more intensified security inspection and control measures of port states will also cause delay and additional costs which cause uncertainty in allocating security risk and cost between the contracting parties. Therefore, it is desire to insert new security clause dealing with main security issues or adapt existing clauses to new shipping environments to minimize disputes.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2024

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) management may be one of the recent hot topics in corporate management. The purpose of this paper was to study the level of ESG activities of shipping companies. The shipping industry is known to have low transparency and low favorability (Yun, 2022). This study determined whether ESG activities of shipping companies known to the public or studied qualitatively were consistent with objective facts through quantitative analysis. Analysis was conducted on 8,009 firm-year KOSP I listed companies from 2010 to 2022 using ESG ratings evaluated and published by KCGS. As a result of the analysis, it was found that shipping companies had a lower level of ESG activities than non-shipping companies. Although many research studies have been done on companies' ESG activities, research on corporate social responsibility activities and ESG activities of domestic shipping companies is limited. This paper is significant in that it is the first study to quantitatively analyze ESG management status of domestic shipping companies. Shipping companies should make efforts to improve their images, improve their business performances, and increase corporate sustainability by taking the lead in proactive ESG activities rather than performing passive ESG activities due to external regulations such as IMO 2020 and IMO 2050.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.43-58
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• 1993

There has been fast progress in economy in Korea derived by a consecutive five-year plan program for economic development started in the early 1960's. In the field of transportation, rapid changes in the technological environment of transportation and communication have brought a revolution of the transport system, of which inter-modal transportation through containerisation is typical. Because of the rapidly growing traffic volumes of cargo, especially container traffic, and lack of investment into transport infrastructure in the past, both road and railway are beyond their capacity. As a result, the public-road network has suffered a serious congestion problem. For instance, in relation to the corridor between Seoul and Pusan, today, it takes about 14 hours for the journey of container trailer through Kyongbu Expressway, for which it used to take only 7 hours in 1986. For the railway, though the congestion problem is not very serious compared with the road sector, a shortage of capacity on certain main lines has emerged as a problem as railway traffic has increased. Furthermore, the further expansion of the system in near future is difficult due to burden of higher construction the cost. Unlike these two modes, coastal shipping, which has been paid relatively less attention for commodity transport in Korea, shows no constraint in this respect. In addition, it is the most cost efficient mode of transport. This work therefore aims to make a proposal for the alternative inland transportation mode, which is to promote the coastal transport of container. Three obstructing factors for the promotion of the coastal transport are investigated and some solutions for those are suggested as follows : First, it appears to be essential to provide exclusive ports for the coastal shipping, that comply with simplification, specialization and rationalization. The optimum size of berths on the exclusive ports in Pusan port is estimated as 16-20. We found that it needs periodical study and publicity on the advantages from the adoption of the coastal mode. Inducing competition in the coastal shipping market is also necessary. For the supply of the fleet in the coastal shipping, chartering of the surplus ships in the oversea shipping is found to be more desirable than new shipbuilding. Second, to solve the fragmentation of the companies which wish to participate in the coastal transport, government has to implement the subsidy policy. The encouragement of participation of the shipping lines engaging in Korea-Japan run and Korea-East South Asia run, into coastal shipping also needs to be considered cautiously. Third, simplification of the document for entry in ports is needed for rational coastal shipping management. We can use B/L (Bill of Lading) for coastal shipping as a prerequisite to get the indemnity by P & I Club. The reduction of the government controls on entering and leaving the ports also needs.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.95-117
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• 2011

The Purpose of this study is to identify important factors in choosing liner shipping companies using the AHP. The Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP), introduced by Satty T. L. in 1970, is a decision technique the has been applied to private and public sectors and to group decision problems. This paper will demonstrate the level of importance in 4 major factors: cost, service, transportation and promotion. In detail, the 4 major factors are divided into 14 sub-factors. In the present research, various service attributes for shipping lines were selected from previous studies and the observed data for 4 main service attributes were collected through a questionnaire survey from 26 concerned international freight forwarder experts. The conclusion of this study is as follows. First, it is found that the cost factor is the most important factor among the 4 main service attributes. It is very obvious that the cost factor directly affects the choosing the liner shipping company by international freight forwarders. Second, it is found that the second important factor in choosing the liner shipping company is the transportation factor and the third is the service factor. The promotion factor is underestimated, comparatively speaking. With the ever-increasing competition, liner shipping companies will need to study and understand the selection criteria of their clients(international freight forwarder), and apply the results to their daily and long-terms operations. In particular, liner shipping companies should establish a system to identify and sort the various selection criteria used by international freight forwarding companies.