This study attempted to explore child, family, and parents' psychological factors that were related to quality of home environment among families with preschoolers in Korea. The relationships between a series of factors and home environment and the predictive effects of the factors on HOME scores were analyzed using data from 1,690 families who participated in the5th wave of the PSKC (Panel Study of Korean Children) when the target child's age was about 4 years old. The results revealed that when the child was a boy and when the child had a difficult temperament, the overall HOME scores were lower. Mothers' age, parents' education, family income, poverty and family life events were significantly related to the HOME scores, too. All of the psychological factors of both mothers and fathers were significantly correlated with the HOME scores. When both mother and father had less depressive symptoms, lower level of parenting stress and greater marital satisfaction, the HOME scores were higher. Regression analysis showed that child's gender, father's education and mothers' marital satisfaction were relatively strong predictors of HOME. The policy implication for parent education and suggestions for future study were proposed.
Study on correspondent of eastern and western astrology and Jung's psychological types, we obtain as follow as results. Western astrology is transmitted from China and developed, it influenced on the study of the Four Pillars(四柱學). Comparing assemble, gathering, punishment, destruction, collision, impair of Di-zhi(地支) in the study of Four Pillars with Xing-gong theory(星宮論) in the western astrology, can get the result that the Pillars study has close connection with astronomy and astrology. When we compared Jung's psychological types with astrology, the five elements(五行) and the four major factors, can be summarized like this. (1) intuition-fire sign-wood and fire-fire in the four major factors(四大), (2) sensation-earth sign-earth and metal-earth in the four major factors, (3) thinking-air sign-metal and water-wind in the four major factors, (4) feeling-water sign-water and wood-water in the four major factors. The four major factors of Buddhism is now understood as, earth, water and fire represent the state of solid(earth), liquid(water), gas(fire) and wind can be recognized as energy source help the changes. This is mentioned throughout the books, but only arranging the theory of four major factors.
This study was made to investigate the differences in Korean woman's perceived makeup image and self-consciousness according to their expectation level in socio-psychological effect of makeup, and to gather information needed for the better understanding of cosmetics consumers and more effective marketing activities of cosmetics industries. Normative-descriptive survey method using questionnaire was employed for the present study. The survey was conducted in August 2001 and the sample consisted of 942 women between the ages of 18 and 50 residing in Seoul and Kyungi province. Data were analyzed by SPSS package. Factor analysis, ANOVA, and MANOVA were employed for the analysis of the data. The results are as follows : (1) Six factors emerged from the data related to the category of expected socio-psychological effect of makeup. Those factors were named as "increasing positiveness", "refreshment", "covering weakness", "self-expression", "consideration for others", and "the tool for self-change". Four factors were found in the category of makeup image, and the factors were named as "refinement", "nobility", "favorable impression ", and "personality ". (2) There was a tendency that those who highly expect the socio-psychological effect of makeup have more positive self-image. Considering this differences in self-image according to the level of expected socio-psychological effect of makeup. service activities for the consumers' positive opinion and attitude to the effect of makeup are needed, and it seems that those service activities will have a good influence on the consumers' emotional health. (3) Subjects with higher level of social anxiety showed higher expectations in refreshment, covering weakness and self-expression. Considering this trend, marketers have to make an constant effort for the variety of cosmetics and makeup manner by which consumers satisfy their expectation in makeup. It seems that the satisfaction of their expectation on the help of makeup effect will contribute to lessen social anxiety, and to get emotional stability. (4) Subjects with higher personal self-anxiety showed higher expectations of the effect. "increase of positiveness". Therefore, if the product advertisement imply the content of increasing positiveness effect of makeup, it might appeal more easily to their consumers.imply the content of increasing positiveness effect of makeup, it might appeal more easily to their consumers.
Purpose: The study investigated pain and falls as psychological factors in Total Knee Replacement patients and examined the relationship between these factors. Methods: Ninety-six total knee replacement patients aged 69.31±7.01 (male: 21, female: 75) participated in the study. Post-surgery pain was assessed on a visual analog scale, and fall risk scores were evaluated on fall fear and fall efficacy scales. Other psychological factors assessed included national anxiety and trail anxiety, fear prevention, Beck depression score, and psychological health measures. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Results: A statistically significant correlation was found between pain before surgery and FES fall fear score before surgery (p < 0.05). A statistically significant correlation was found between pain after surgery and PWBS fall fear score after surgery (p < 0.05). A statistically significant correlation was found between state anxiety and PWBS, Trail anxiety (p < 0.05). A statistically significant correlation was also found between trail anxiety and BDI, PWBS (p < 0.05). State anxiety and fear avoidance before surgery were found to affect trail anxiety, and pain before surgery and fall fear score before surgery were found to affect FES. In addition, PWBS was found to affect BDI. Conclusion: The study confirms that increased pain in Total Knee Replacement patients can be a risk factor for falls. In addition, fall fears increase fear avoidance and cause psychological deterioration. This suggests that efforts should be made to reduce pain and to manage psychological factors.
This study was conducted to examine the influence of the psychological health of the released offenders on their adaptation to community. Researchers analyzed the survey data of 216 participants who received joint marriage support from the Korea Legal Protection and Welfare Corporation. The results showed that the education level, marriage status, and monthly income were having a positive influence on the community adaptation of the released offenders, and the higher the depression and inter-personality among the risk factors of psychological health, the more negative the community adaptation. A higher sense of self-esteem, a psychological health protection factor, has a positive effect on community adaptation while reducing the influence of risk factors, depression and inter-personality. In sum, high self-esteem can contribute to increasing social life satisfaction after release from prison, promote risk factors to positive life changes, suppress negative situations and increase the possibility of successful community adaptation. Although this study confirmed that self-esteem is the most important factor among psychological factors for successful community adaptation of inmates, it will require relevant follow-up research and multi-disciplinary support because psychological factors alone cannot solve the problem.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlations between pain intensity, physical impairments, disability, and psychological factors according to the difference in duration of low back pain. This study was a cross-sectional survey of 102 participants with low back pain, divided into two groups equal in number: The first group consisted of patients with acute and subacute low back pain, while the second group consisted of patients suffering from chronic low back pain. The results showed that gender, age, pain intensity, physical impairment, disability and Fear-Avoidance Beliefs (FABs) for work activities were not significantly different between two groups. FABs for physical activities of the first group were significantly more prevalent than in the second group. More than moderate correlations were found between pain intensity, physical impairment, and disability in the first group. Less than moderate correlations were found between pain intensity, physical impairment, disability, FABs, and depression in the second group. These findings suggest that we must consider psychological factors in the treatment of patients with chronic low back pain. Regression analyses revealed that pain intensity and FABs for work activities significantly contributed to the prediction of disability in the first group. Also, pain intensity and FABs for physical activities significantly contributed to the prediction of disability in the second group. Pain intensity was most important predictor of disability in two groups.
The purpose of this study is to analyze whether service quality and perceived risk have an effect on purchase intention and satisfaction of the fashion merchandise in internet shopping malls. To this end, a survey was conducted from June 20 to July 30 in 2005, among married women aged in their 20s and 30s, on their purchase experience of fashion merchandise from internet shopping malls. The survey was conducted over the internet with 306 subjects. The statistical analysis methods were frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis. First, the service quality factors were determined to be reliability, responsibility, ease of transaction, order convenience, and site characteristics. Perceived risk factors were determined to be merchandise risk, information exposure risk, social psychological risk, and function risk. Second, service quality factors of responsibility, ease of transaction, order convenience, site characteristics and perceived risk factor of social psychological risk had an effect on internet purchase intention of the fashion merchandise. Greater site use convenience, lower price, simpler ordering, and lower social psychological risk were all positively correlated with higher internet purchase intention of fashion merchandise. Third, nice quality factors and social psychological risk had an effect on satisfaction degree in internet shopping.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among mother's psychological characteristics(self-esteem, self-efficacy, and depression), parenting related factors(maternal parenting stress and mother's knowledge on infant development), maternal parenting style, and two-year-old infants' development. The participants consisted of 1735 mothers and their two-year old infants selected from a sample of the 3rd Panel Study of Korean Children(PSKC) by the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education(KICCE), conducted in 2010. Data were analyzed by means of a Structural Equation Model(SEM) to identify the structure and relationships among the various factors. The significance of direct and indirect effects to test the mediating effect of maternal parenting style were identified via bootstrapping. The results indicated that maternal parenting style most definitely mediated the relationship among the mother's psychological characteristics(self-esteem and self-efficacy), parenting related factors(maternal parenting stress and mother's knowledge on Infant development) and the development of their two-year-old infants.
Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors related to the organizational citizenship behavior of nurses in the operating room (OR). These factors include positive psychological capital, perceived organizational culture, and job characteristics. Methods: A descriptive correlational study design was used. A total of 185 OR nurses from nine general and advanced general hospitals across three metropolitan areas in South Korea completed the questionnaires. The questionnaires included items on organizational citizenship behavior, positive psychological capital, organizational culture, and job characteristics. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were conducted using SPSS/WIN 21.0. Results: The mean score for organizational citizenship behavior was 3.62 out of 5. Positive psychological capital, relationship-oriented organizational culture, and feedback on job characteristics were verified as influencing factors of OR nurses' organizational citizenship behaviors. The explanatory power of this regression model was 48.2%. Conclusion: Reinforcement of positive psychological capital of individual OR nurses and organizational efforts to endorse relationship-oriented organizational culture is required. It follows that OR nurses' organizational citizenship behavior can be enhanced based on mutual trust, cohesiveness, and feedback on their work performance.
Objectives: This study seeks to identify the positive psychological capital, burnout, and compassion satisfaction levels of clinical dental hygienists to understand the factors affecting positive psychological capital and to establish measures to improve the positive psychological capital, and to utilize them. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 190 dental hygienists of the clinic from February 1 to April 30, 2020. Statistical analyses were conducted with the help of independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results: Dental hygienists scored 3.47 points in positive psychological capital. The variables that influenced positive psychological capital were burnout and compassion satisfaction. The variables influencing positive psychological capital were monthly income_dummy2 (200-249/≥250), burnout, and compassion satisfaction. Conclusions: The positive psychological capital of clinical dental hygienists was found to be related to burnout and compassion satisfaction; additionally, compassion satisfaction had the greatest influence. Therefore, it will reduce burnout, improve compassion satisfaction, positive psychological capital, and contribute to efficient human resource management.
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