• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 심리음향 모델(Psychoacoustic model) II와 MDCT를 이용한 고음질 오디오 포렌식 마킹 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 오디오 신호의 에너지가 스펙트럼 마스킹 레벨보다 적은 서브밴드를 선택하여 콘텐츠 사용자의 핑거프린팅 코드를 삽입하는 포렌식 마킹 방법이다. 원 오디오 신호의 FFT 처리를 위한 2,048 샘플의 한 프레임 범위에서, 3개의 서브밴드를 선택하여 포렌식 마킹을 한다. 핑거프린팅 코드의 평균화 공격에 따른 공모코드의 100% 추적율을 갖는 범위에서, 한 프레임의 SNR을 측정하였다. 핑거프린팅 코드의 최저강도 0.1 삽입에서 SNR은 38.44dB 이며, 화이트 가우시안 노이즈의 강도 0.5가 추가된 SNR은 19.09dB로 제안된 오디오 포렌식 마킹 알고리즘은 핑거프린팅 코드의 마킹 강인성과 오디오 고음질이 유지됨을 확인하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.939-944
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• 2005

In this paper, a sound quality index for the evaluation of the vehicle intake noise was developed through a correlation analysis of the objective measurement and the subjective evaluation. First, intake orifice noise was measured at the wide-open throttle sweep condition. And then, the acoustic transfer function between intake orifice noise and interior noise was measured. Simultaneously, subjective evaluation was carried out with a 10-scale score by 8 special engineers. The correlation analysis between the psychoacoustic parameters derived from the measurement and the subjective evaluation was performed. The most critical factor was determined and the corresponding sound quality index for intake noise was obtained from the multiple factor regression analysis method. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed index was validated.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -2
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• pp.872-875
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• 2002

A digital watermarking technique applying psychoacoustic model for audio signal is proposed in this paper. In the watermarking scheme, the pseudo-random bit stream used as a watermark signal is embedded into the audio signal in both speech and music. The strength of the embedded signal is subject to the human auditory system in such a way that the disturbances on host audio signal are beyond the sensing of human ears. The experimental results show that the quality of the watermarked audio signal, in term of signal to noise ratio, can be improved up to 3.2 dB.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.289-298
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• 2014

Pass-by noises of various trains were recorded by binaural recorder. The measured noises were evaluated using a sound pressure level and psychoacoustic metrics objectively. To analyze a binaural effect on annoyance that can be caused by train noise, auditory experiments were performed. Through the experiments, the annoyance differences between monaural and binaural train noises, the annoyance differences due to measurement angle and the annoyance differences due to kinds of train and measurement distance were determined. A correlation analysis was conducted to determine which index can affect the annoyance more strongly. As the result, a maximum rate of change of sharpness difference between left and right channels was proposed to predict the annoyance.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.331-337
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 창문형 능동소음제어(Active Noise Control, ANC)의 잔류 소음의 평가 기준으로 실내소음 평가에서 사용하는 NR(Noise Rating)을 적용하고 이 값의 최소화를 위한 능동소음제어기에 대해서 연구하였다. 이를 위해 Filtered-E LMS(Least Mean Square) 알고리즘을 사용하여 사용자가 설정한 유효 동작 주파수 대역 내에서 NR값을 줄이는 노이즈 쉐이핑(noise shaping) 필터의 형상을 제안하였다. 제안한 필터의 유용성은 시뮬레이션을 통해 검증하였으며, 기존의 심리음향 ANC에서 사용된 필터들과 비교했을 때 잔류 소음의 NR값이 더 낮아지는 것을 보였다.

• 소음진동
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.254-260
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• 2000

the reduction of the interior nosie level has been the main interest of NVH engineers in the development of vehicles. However, the consumer's perception on the car noise is affected largely by the psychoacoustic characteristics of the noise, as well as the sound pressure level. In this study, the quality of the vehicle interior nosie is analyzed by employing the subjective evaluations and by representing them in temrs of the objective quantities. The subjective evaluatins were performed for the seven vehicles in the range of subcompact to luxury cars. The methods of paired comparisons and semantic differential were used to study the preference, the quality of interior noise and their correlation. The linear regression models were obtained for the subjective evaluation and the sound quality metrics.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2002년도 추계학술대회논문초록집
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• pp.351.1-351
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• 2002

In this research, the relationship between physical measurements and subjective evaluations of floor impact noise in apartment building was quantified by applying the neural network analysis due to its complex and nonlinear characteristics. The neural network analysis was undertaken by setting up L-value, inverse A index, Zwicker parameters and ACF/IACF factors, as input data, which came from the measurements at real suites of apartment building having various sound insulations. (omitted)

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2006

In this paper, an index for the evaluation of a vehicle intake booming noise and intake sound quality were developed through a correlation analysis and a multiple factor regression analysis of objective measurement and subjective evaluation data. At first, an intake orifice noise was measured at the wide-open throttle test condition. And then, an acoustic transfer function between intake orifice noise and interior noise at the steady state condition was estimated. Simultaneously, subjective evaluation was carried out with a 10-scale score by 8 intake noise and vibration expert evaluators. Next, the correlation analysis between the psychoacoustic parameters derived from the measured data and the subjective evaluation was performed. The most critical factor was determined and the corresponding index for intake booming noise and sound quality are obtained from the multiple factor regression method. And, the optimal design of intake system was studied using the booming noise and the sound quality evaluation index for expectation performance of intake system. Conclusively, the optimal designing parameters of intake system from noise level and sound quality whose point of view were extracted by adapting comparative weighting between the booming noise and sound quality evaluation index, which optimized the process. These work could be represented guideline to system engineers, designers and test engineers about optimization procedure of system performance by considering both of noise level and sound quality.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2019

본 논문에서는 능동 소음 제어기(Active Noise Controller)의 잔류 소음을 청감적으로 감소시키는 설계법을 제안하였다. 이를 위한 구조로는 FELMS(Filtered-E Least Mean Squares) 알고리즘과 소음 평가 지수인 NC(noise criteria)를 사용하였으며, 능동 소음 제어기의 유효 동작 주파수 대역 내에서 NC 지수를 최소화하는 FELMS에 내장된 노이즈 쉐이핑 필터의 스펙트럼 조건식을 도출하였다. 제안한 조건을 만족하는 필터가 기존에 사용되었던 심리음향 기반의 필터보다 더 향상된 NC값을 나타내는 것을 시뮬레이션을 통해 확인하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.663-673
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze the appropriate evaluation method for the water supply and drain noise of bathroom in apartment and to propose some fundamental idea on its regulation. For this reason, it was studied the acoustical characteristics of water supply and drain noise as modifying the water supply pressure for the washbasins and toilet stools and suggested the optimum evaluation method through psychoacoustic test. As a result of investigation of the levels by evaluating the adjectives and noise sources with 7-step criteria corresponding to each level of plumbing noises and analysis of the correlation between physical evaluation values by comparing the criteria, dB(A), N, and NC, with subject's response, determination coefficient($R^2$) was shown to be relatively fair or higher ranged from 0.65 to 0.92. It is shown that 'Harsh', 'Nervous', 'Unpleasant', 'Distasteful', and 'Repellent' as a second factor are to be appropriate to evaluate plumbing noise. Above these results could be used in basic data establishing KS(Korean Standard) for evaluation and rating procedure and measures reducing these noise.