• Title/Summary/Keyword: protopectin

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Studies on the Protopectinase Produced by Verticillium sp. (Part 2) Purification and Properties of Protopectinase from Verticillium sp. (Verticillium sp. 가 생산하는 Protopectin 용해효소에 관한 연구 (제 2 보) 효소의 정제 및 성질)

  • 유주현;진효상;변유량;오두환
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.197-203
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    • 1982
  • The protopectinase from the culture extract of a Verticillium sp. was purified about 1000 fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-Sephadex treatment and Sephadex G-75 column chromatography. The purified enzyme was homogeneous on electrophoresis and its molecular weight was estimated to be 38000 by Andrew's gel filtration, method. The enzyme was almost stable under the temperature of 4$0^{\circ}C$ and within the pH range of 3-5. Its optimum pH and temperature were 4 and 4$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. The activity was markedly inhibited by galacturonic acid. The purified enzyme was able to macerate various kinds of plant tissues, such as radish, cucumber, onion, carrot, and potato. It also reduced the viscosity of pectin solution more rapidly than that of pectic acid solution and showed no lyase or CMCase activity.

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Cell Separation of Vegetable Tissues by Protopectinase (Protopectinase를 이용한 식물조직의 단세포화)

  • 이승철;고보성;이대희;황용일
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.430-435
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    • 1997
  • Protopectinases are heterologous group of enzymes that degrades insoluble protopectin which consists of middle lamella between cells of plant tissues. Tissues of potato and carrot could be separated to single cells by addition of protopectinase isolated from Rhizopus sp. Color changes ofthe suspensions treated with protopectinase and mechanically macerated after 2 weeks at 4$^{\circ}C$, were investigated. Color change of the latter was very serious, however, that of the former was insignificant. Furthermore, after heat treatment at 121$^{\circ}C$ for 5min, the constituents of mechanically macerted carrot suspension were separated into two layers, but those of single celled carrot were not. Yields of carrot juices extracted from single celled suspensions and mechanical maceration were 93.6% and 56.0%, respectively. These results support that treatment of protopectinase can increase yield of juices extracted from plant, and manufacture high value-added products in food processing.

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Textural Properties of Dry and Moist Type Sweet Potatoes (분질과 점질 고구마의 텍스쳐 특성)

  • Shin, Mal-Shick;Ahn, Seung-Yo
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.315-322
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    • 1987
  • Attempts were made to unravel the differences in the textural properties between a dry type, Wonki and a moist type, Chunmi sweet potato. The changes in the ingredients, cellular shapes, degree of gelatinization and hardness of sweet potatoes during baking were studied. Alcohol insoluble solid, starch and protopectin contents and activities of amylase and polygalacturonase of Wonki sweet potato were higher than those of Chunmi sweet potato. The cell sizes were smaller and the number of starch granules within the cells were higher in Wonki than in Chunmi. Gelatinization occurred in Wonki more lately than in Chunmi during baking. The difference in hardness after baking between Wonki and Chunmi was found distinctively. But both samples were gelatinized completely, the difference in hardness was not found.

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Recovery Yields of Protopectinase Depending on Treatments of Organic Solvents (유기용매의 처리에 따른 Bacillus subtillis IFO 12113 유래 Protopectinase의 회수)

  • Yuk, Hyun-Gyun;Hwang, Yong-Il;Lee, Seung-Cheol
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.107-111
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    • 1997
  • To recover protopectinase (PPase) secreted from Bacillus subtilis IFO 12113, culture filtrate of the microorganism was treated with acetone, methanol, and ethanol, respectively. In the case of treatment with acetone at a ratio of 1: 1 (culture filtrate: acetone, v/v), PPase was purified 1.7-fold with 59.2% recovery The recovery of PPase was increased by increasing the acetone concentration. PPase was purified 4-fold with 100% recovery when the culture filtrate was precipitated with methanol at a ratio of 1 : 2 (culture filtrate: methanol, v/v). However, recovery of PPase was decreased by increasing the methanol concentration. PPase was purified 13.5-fold resulting in 68% recovery by the addition of ethanol with the final ratio 1 : 1(culture filtrate: ethanol, v/v) to the supernatant, which was obtained after precipitation of the culture filtrate with ethanol at a ratio of 1 : 0.5. These results show that methanol treatment is better than other organic solvent treatments for the simple recovery of PPase, whereas fractionated treatment of ethanol can recover PPase with higher purification fold.

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Quality Characteristics of Garlic Suspensions Using Protopectin Hydrolytic Enzymes (Protopectinase를 이용하여 제조한 마늘 단세포화물의 품질특성)

  • Baek Ku-Hyoun;Kim Sung-Soo;Tak Sang-Bum;Kang Byung-Sun;Kim Dong-Ho;Lee Young-Chun
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.351-356
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    • 2006
  • This study was carried out to investigate the change of functional component and volatile flavor components from garlic for which both were treated with protopectinase (PPase) and mechanical maceration during storage period. Alliin content of gallic suspensions macerated mechanically were 11.0 mg/g at 0 day and 6.6 mg/g at 24 day. Whereas alliin content of garlic treated with PPase were 8.5 m/g at 0 day and 7.0 mg/g at 24 day. Importantly, over 40% of alliin which is the most unstable component during the mechanical maceration remained with an intact form for 24 day after the enzymatic treatment. The flavor component from gallic suspensions were extracted by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and were analyzed and identified by gas chromatography (GC) and chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The number and concentrations of flavor components of gallic macerated mechanically were increased during storage period, and total 18 kinds of flavor compounds were identified. Thus, the PPase treatment of garlic could be a better choice for preparation of the highly valuable and functional processed food as well as for prolonging the preservation period.

Investigation of Reactive Conditions to Extract Pectin with Exo-polygalacturonase from Pear Pomace (배박에서 펙틴의 추출을 위한 Exo-polygalacturonase의 반응조건 검토)

  • Yuk, Hyun-Gyun;Choi, Jin-Ho;Cho, Yong-Jin;Ha, Jung-Uk;Hwang, Yong-Il;Lee, Seung-Cheol
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.971-976
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    • 1999
  • Exo-polygalacturonase (EPG) from Rhizopus sp. was applied to the extraction of pectin from pear pomace because EPG produces pectin by solubilizing protopectin. The content of total galacturonic acid in water-alcohol insoluble pectin (WAIP) was determined as 34.6%. Pear pomace was solubilized by using EPG, with regarding reaction pH, temperature, time and ratio of enzyme to substrate in order to find optimum condition. While the yield by an acidic treatment was 6.2%, the maximum yield by an enzymatic treatment was 23.4% under the extraction condition of pH 7.8, $60^{\circ}C$, 36 hr and 1/10 of enzyme/substrate. At this condition, the purity and methoxyl content of enzyme-extracted pectin were, respectively, 34.7% and 0.7%, while those of acid-extracted pectin were, respectively, 71.1% and 5.0%. Meanwhile, the average molecular weight of pectin extracted by the enzymatic method was $2.5{\times}10^{3}$ while that of acid-solubilized pectin was $8.4{\times}10^{3}$.

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Characteriatics of Single Cell Suspension of Garlic, Red Pepper and Cucumber Prepared by Protopectin Hydrolytic Enzymes (펙틴분해효소를 이용한 마늘, 고추와 오이의 단세포화물의 제조)

  • Baek, Ku-Hyoun;Kim, Sung-Soo;Lee, Young-Chun
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.38 no.3
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    • pp.369-377
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    • 2006
  • Protopectinase (PPase) from Bacillus subtilis was used to investigate enzymatic maceration of vegetable tissues. Optimum concentration and pH of PPase were 0.75, 0.75, and 0.5%, and 5.0, 8.0, 7.0 for red pepper, garlic, and cucumber, respectively. Optimum shaking-rate, reaction time, and temperature of PPase were 250 rpm, 150 min, and $37^{\circ}C$, respectively. Yields of mechanically macerated red pepper, garlic, and cucumber were 45.8, 47.5, and 82.1%, whereas those treated with PPase were 81.8, 84, and 98%. Over 40% Vitamin C, the most unstable component during mechanical maceration, remained intact for 12 days after enzymatic treatment. Color differences $({\Delta}E)$ of mechanically macerated red pepper, garlic, and cucumber were 1.16, 2.86, and 3.27, whereas those of PPase-treated ones were 2.87, 7.68, and 5.22 after heat treatment at $100^{\circ}C$ for 20 min. Capsaicin content of mechanically macerated red pepper was 0.4 mg/100 g, whereas that treated with PPase was 1.32 mg/100 g. Viscosity of PPase-treated vegetable decreased slowly with increasing storage period, whereas that of mechanically macerated vegetable sharply decreased. These results indicate PPase treatment of vegetable could be better choice for preparation of high-values and functionally processed food and for extending preservation period.

Effect of Glue Plant(Codium Fragile) on Physicochemical Characteristics of Dongchimi During Fermentation (청각채가 동치미의 발효 중 이화학적 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Bock-Hee;Cho, Hee-Sook
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.20 no.5
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    • pp.508-515
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    • 2005
  • The effect of glue plant(Codium fragile) on the Dongchimi fermentation was investigated by measuring physicochemical properties during fermentation at $10^{\circ}C$. Dongchimi was prepared with various levels(0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%) of glue plant(Codium fragile). The pH of Dongchimi decreased slowly in all samples during fermentation. Total acidity of Dongchimi increased gradually during fermentation and total acidity of Dongchimi with glue plant(Codium fragile) was higher than that of control. Redox potentials decreased until 30 days of fermentation but increased thereafter. Reducing sugar content increased in the initial stage of the fermentation periods, and then decreased gradually. The reducing sugar content of Dongchimi with glue plant(Codium fragile) was higher than that of control. The content of total vitamin C was much higher in dongchimi with glue plant(Codium fragile). In color measurement, lightness value decreased gradually. However, redness and yellowness values increased gradually during fermentation but decreased thereafter. The content of hot water soluble pectin(HWSP) decreased as the fermentation proceeded, but the content of hydrochloric acid soluble pectin(HClSP) and sodium hexametaphosphate soluble pectin(NaSP) increased.

Physicochemical Characteristics of Cabbage Kimchi during Fermentation (양배추 김치의 숙성과정 중에 나타나는 이화학적 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Hee-Sook;Park, Bock-Hee
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.22 no.5 s.95
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    • pp.600-608
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    • 2006
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of Cabbage Kimchi with different kinds of jeot-kal. The Cabbage Kimchis were stored at 4${\pm}$1$^{\circ}C$ for 49 days. The pH of all samples of Cabbage Kimchis decreased during fermentation. The total acidity of Cabbage Kimchis increased gradually during fermentation and that of Cabbage Kimchis with different kinds of jeot-kal was higher than that of control. Redox potentials and reducing sugar content decreased gradually during fermentation. Total vitamin C content of Cabbage Kimchis with different kinds of jeot-kal was much higher than that of control. In color measurement, the lightness value decreased gradually, whereas the redness and yellowness values increased gradually during fermentation. The content of hot water soluble pectin (HWSP) decreased as the fermentation proceeded, but that of hydrochloric acid soluble pectin (HCISP) and sodium hexametaphosphate soluble pectin (NaSP) increased.

Quality Characteristics of Kimchi Prepared for the Winter around Chonnam Area (전남지역 김장 배추김치의 품질 특성)

  • 박복희;조희숙;유맹자
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.57-65
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    • 2003
  • To investigate quality characteristics of kimchi prepared for the winter around Chonnam area, home made kimchi samples collected from 22 area, and they were stored at -1${\pm}$1$^{\circ}C$. The results were as follows : The pH and acidity of kimchi samples were 4.75 and 0.84%. respectively. Salt concentration was 3.50% and in Redox potential measurement, Eh value was -134.08mV. Ascorbic acid and reducing sugar contents were 10.l8mg% and 13.25mg%, respectively, In color measurement, L value was 52.29 and a and b values were 19.68 and 27.69, respectively. Total viable count was 5.5${\times}$10$\^$6/ and lactic acid bacteria count and yeast were 4.6${\times}$10$\^$5/ and 8.8${\times}$10$\^$5/. respectively. Properties of hardness of kimchi measured instrumentally was 9.26kgf. Alcohol insoluble solids(AIS) content was 5.53% and hot water soluble pectin(HWSP) content and sodium hexametaphosphate soluble pectin(NaSP) content were 17.35% and 29.65%, respectively, also hydrochloric acid soluble pectin(HClSP) content was 53.0%.

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