• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.200-206
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• 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of intraruminal infusion of propionate on ruminal fermentation characteristics and blood hormones and metabolites in Hanwoo (Korean cattle) steers. Four Hanwoo steers (average body wt. 270 kg, 13 month of age) equipped with rumen cannula were infused into rumens with 0.0 M (Water, C), 0.5 M (37 g/L, T1), 1.0 M (74 g/L, T2) and 1.5 M (111 g/L, T3) of propionate for 1 hour per day and allotted by $4{\times}4$ Latin square design. On the 5th day of infusion, samples of rumen and blood were collected at 0, 60, 120, 180, and 300 min after intraruminal infusion of propionate. The concentrations of serum glucose and plasma glucagon were not affected (p>0.05) by intraruminal infusion of propionate. The serum insulin concentration at 60 min after infusion was significantly (p<0.05) higher in T3 than in C, while the concentration of non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) at 60 and 180 min after infusion was significantly (p<0.05) lower in the propionate treatments than in C. Hence, intraruminal infusion of propionate stimulates the secretion of insulin, and decreases serum NEFA concentration rather than the change of serum glucose concentration.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.3627-3631
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• 2014

In this study we examined two ester-containing cross-links, hex-2-enyl acetate and hex-2-enyl propionate, as new cross-linking systems for helix stabilization of short peptides. We demonstrated that these hexenyl ester cross-links can be readily installed via a ruthenium-mediated ring-closing metathesis reaction of L-aspartic acid 4-allyl ester or L-glutamic acid 5-allyl ester at position i and (S)-2-(4'-pentenyl)alanine at position i+4 using second generation Hoveyda-Grubbs catalyst at $60^{\circ}C$. Between these two cross-links, we found that the hex-2-enyl propionate significantly stabilizes the ${\alpha}$-helical conformations of short model peptides. The helix-stabilizing effects of the hex-2-enyl propionate tether appear to be as powerful as Verdine's i,i+4 all-hydrocarbon stapling system, which is one of the most widely used and the most potent helix-stabilizing cross-linking systems. Furthermore, the hex-2-enyl propionate bridge is reasonably robust against non-enzymatic hydrolytic cleavage at a physiological pH. While extended studies for probing its chemical scopes and biological applications are needed, we believe that this new helix-stabilizing system could serve as a useful chemical tool for understanding protein folding and designing conformationally-constrained peptide drugs.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.225-234
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• 2006

Characteristics of electricity production from major fermentation products (acetate, propionate and butyrate) were evaluated in a microbial fuel cell (MFC). For each substrate, batch and continuous experiments were performed. The batch test result indicated that coulombic efficiency depended on the resistance connected in MFC circuit. With acetate, coulombic efficiency were 87% at $20{\Omega}$, but decreaced to 45% at$220{\Omega}$. In continuous tests, maximum power densities obtained was 220 Q with acetate. The maximum power densities of butyrate, acetate and propionate were 6.8, 6.1, and $5.2mW/m^2$, respectively. Propionate and butyrate were converted into acetate producing high currents. $H_2$ produced during butyrate and propionate probably used to produce electricity. In conclusion, butyrate conversion into acetate was faster than that of propionate with higher electricity production. If the production of propionate is inhibited during fermentation, anaerobically fermented liguor may be effectively applied for MFC.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.69-72
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• 1993

Testosterone Propionate가 가잠의 실용형질에 미치는 영향 다화성계통의 1종인 Pure Mysore 품종에 대한 testosterone propionate(TP)의 농도별 (1, 5, 10$\mu$g/ml) 투여효과를 조사하였다. TP의 처리는 유충 3, 4, 5령의 36시간째 투여구(처리-1), 4, 5령의 48시간째 투여구(처리-2) 및 5령 72시간째 투여구(처리-3)의 3개 시험구를 설정하여 농도별로 피부에 침투하였다. 실험 결과 모든 시험구에서 TP 처리는 산란성에 증대효과를 보였으나, 화용비율 및 발아비율은 대조구에 비해 떨어지고 있었다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.149-152
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• 2001

Effect of topical application with 10, 20 and 30 ${\mu}g$/ml testosterone propionate and estradiol -17${\beta}$ on the fourth and fifth instar bivoltine NB18 silkworm larvae Bombyx mori, on the glycogen and protein contents of the Fat body and trehalose and protein contents of the haemolymph has been studied. Glycogen content of the fat body was significantly decreased in both testosterone propionate and estradiol -17${\beta}$ treatment groups except in the group treated with 30 ${\mu}g$ testosterone propionate where the increase was not significant when compared with those of carrier controls. The increase/decrease in haemolymph trehalose content did not show any significant difference in all the treated groups. Protein content of the fat body significantly increased in 10 and 20 mg testosterone propionate and estradiol -l7${\beta}$ treated groups but in 30 mg treated groups the increase was not significant when compared with those of carrier controls. There was no significant change in the haemolymph protein content in all the testosterone propionate and estradiol -17${\beta}$ treated groups except in group treated with 10 ${\mu}g$ estradiol -17${\beta}$ where it showed a significant decrease when compared with that of carrier control.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 1996

Eu(III)과 말단에 중성의 O, N 및 S 주게를 포함한 다가 단일 카르복실산 (glycolic acid, glycine 그리고 thioglycolic acid) 및 단일 카르복실산(propionic acid)과의 착화합물을 Eu(III)의 $^7F_0{\rarw}^5D_0$ 전이를 이용한 여기 스펙트럼으로 관찰하였다. 단일 카르복실산인 propionate결합된 Eu(III) 착화합물의 여기 스펙트럼에서 금속 대 리간느 농도를 증가시킴에 따라 $EuL^{2+},\;EuL_2^+$ 그리고 $Eu:_3$(L: 카르복실기)의 착화합종에 해당하는 최대 피크가 각각 579.0, 579.2 그리고 579.5 nm 에서 나타났다. Eu(III)과 다가 단일 카르복실산 착물도 금속 대 리간드 농도를 증가시킬때, Eu(III)-propionate와 유사한 결과가 얻어졌다. Eu(III)착화합물의 발광 붕괴 상수로부터 얻어진 q값(Eu(III)에 배위된 물분자의 수)도 Eu(III)-glycolate가 7.0, Eu(III)-thioglycolate가 7.1로 Eu(III)-propionate의 7.3과 유사하게 약 2개의 물분자가 하나의 카르복실기에 의해 치환된 값으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 다가 단일 카르복실산들은 propionic acid와 유사한 경향으로 Eu(III)과 착물을 형성한다는 것을 나타낸다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.55-60
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• 1968

芳香族誘道體 化合物의 鹽素化反應을 紫外線照射 및 ${\gamma}$-線照射下에서 行하였던 바 ethyl,${\alpha} ,{\beta} -dichloro-{\beta}$-phenyl propionate의 境遇 紫外線下에서는 主로 p-chloro 化合物이 生成되었다. 같은 反應을 ${\gamma}$-線 照射下에서 行한 結果 에스텔과 鹽素의 몰比가 1:2일 때에는 p-chloro 化合物이 主로 生成되었으나 몰比가 1:8인 境遇에는 側鎖鹽素化物이라고 判斷되는 多鹽素化合物이 生成되었다. 反應生成物을 確認하기 爲하여서 ethyl , ${\alpha} ,{\beta} -dichloro-{\beta}$-(p-chlorophenyl) propionate 및 ethyl${\alpha} ,{\beta} -dichloro-{\beta}$ -($o$-chlorophenyl) propionate 를 各各 ${\gamma}$-線 照射下에서 鹽素化시켜 보았더니 p-chloro誘道體에서는 側鎖鹽素化物을, o-chloro誘道體에서는 o,p-dichlorophenyl 化合物에 各各 該當하는 鹽素化物을 生成하였다. 化合物 確認에는 放射化 thin layer chromatography를 利用 하였으며 鹽素含量을 放射化分析法을 分析하였다. 反應結果를 鹽素化反應에 對한 芳香族의 置換基의 效果와 關聯시켜 論議하였으며 實驗方法을 記述하였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.47-58
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• 1974

This study was made to investigate whether there would be any direct relationship between testis and adrenal gland. After the iadministration of testosterone propionate to the hypophysectomized male rats, weight of adrenal glands, each zona rates in adrenal gland and histological changes measured from the 1st day to 56th day of the experimental period. The results obtained were as follows; 1. For the weight changes of thyriod gland, it showed a similar changes between the hypophysectomized and the testosterone propionate treated-hypophysectomized group. However, the weight of adrenal glands for the treatment groups were decreased as the time passed as compared to the control group, and the difference were highly significance at the 7th day and there on. 2. For the zona rates in adrenal gland the changes were similar between the hypophysectomized and the testosterone propionate treated-hypophysectomized group. Zona fasciculata and reticularis were decreased rapidly as time passed as compared to the control group, and the difference were significant at the 7th day and highly significant at the 14th day and there on. Adrenal medulla tended to increase, showing a significance with P<0.05 at 7th day, and P<0.01 at 14th day and there on. Zona glomerulosa showed no differences among the groups. 3. Histological changes for the testosterone propionate treated-hypophysectomized group were similar to the hypophysectomized group. Of adrenal gland, zona fasciculata and reticular is were degenerated and lost their function as time passed after treatment, and zona glomerulosa and adrenal medulla were observed not bo changed. 4. Since there were re no differences in weight changes of adrenal glands, the zonarates in adrenal gland and histological changes between the hypophysectomized and testosterone propionate treated-hypophysectomized group, it would appear that there were no direct relationship between the testis and the adrenal gland, but the involvement of hypophysis might be necessary for the control mechanism.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2009

스테로이드 함유 표시가 없는 화장품에서 항염증 효과가 있는 글루코코티코스테로이드인 베타메타손프로피오네이트 성분이 검출되었다. 이 화장품은 외용스프레이 및 샴푸로서 주성분으로 아연피리치온을 함유하는 것으로 표기되어 있었다. 화장품에서 스테로이드 구조와 활성을 갖는 물질의 존재를 확인하기 위하여 실리카겔 박층판을 이용한 박층크로마토그래프를 사용하였으며 이 성분을 분리하기 위해 high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)를 이용하여 확인 및 정량을 수행하였다. 분취용 HPLC를 이용하여 스테로이드를 함유한 것으로 판단되는 분획을 모은 다음 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 및 mass spectrometry (MS)를 이용하여 스테로이드 성분을 확인하였다. 스테로이드 표준물질로 베타메타손 17-프로피오네이트 및 베타메타손 21-프로피오네이트를 합성하여 사용하였고 이 표준물질과 HPLC 크로마토그램을 비교하여 스테로이드 성분의 함량을 분석하였다. 이 방법으로 아연피리치온 제제와 같은 일부 시판 화장품에서 스테로이드 성분을 확인하였고 reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP HPLC) 상의 유지시간 비교를 통하여 스테로이드 성분을 정량한 결과 시험한 총 8종의 화장품 시료 중 2개 제품에서 0.005 ${\sim}$ 0.02%의 베타메타손프로피오네이트가 검출되었다.

• 멤브레인
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.186-191
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• 2000

Ethyl esters (aroma model compounds; ethyl acetate, ethyl propionate, ethyl butyrate) 수용액으로부터 aroma 화합물의 회수를 위해, 표면 개질한 알루미나막을 이용하여 증기 투과를 수행하였다. Ethyl butyrate의 구동력이 가장 큼에도 불구하고, 투과부에서 ethyl ester의 농도는 ethyl butyrate가 가장 높았으며, ethyl propionate, acetate의 순서로 나타났다. 또한, 물에 대한 ester 화합물의 용해도가 상당히 낮기 때문에 투과부에서 상분리가 일어나 순수한 aroma 화합물을 얻을 수 있었다. 실험 결과, 제조된 소수성 알루미나막은 에스테르 화합물에 대해 높은 선택도와 투과 플럭스를 보여 주었다.