• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.567-575
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• 2019

Statistics show that while the number of fires has decreased over the last decade, losses of human life and economic property due to fire have increased. Moreover, the number of large-scale fires that have occurred in recent years has resulted in heightened public anxiety. This study aims to identify a specific period of the year most vulnerable to fire, and fire trends, such as damage of fire to humans, to the economy, and different building types. For this purpose, we analyzed human and economic damages using statistics related to fire from 2007 to 2017 and provided a monthly distribution of fire damages both to humans and to the economy by building type. We also identified the relationship between the human damage and the economy damage, and compared the economic losses per casualty by building type. The human damage in residential buildings occupied the highest portion, whereas the economic damage of industrial buildings represented more than a half of all economic damage due to fire. The economic damage per casualty was shown highest for industrial buildings and has also increased rapidly in recent years.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 1999년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.118-121
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• 1999

Traditional housing must be conserved simultaneously with not only the building itself, but the circumstances of the surroundings. Hence, traditional housing should be developed as a product of a culture environment. However, most cultural properties have recently been treated as only a piece of property by irresponsible maintenance practices and damage placed on private traditional housing. Apparently, it has not always been a result of dweller's negligence. Thus, various policies must be needed to effectively preserve traditional housing. To do so, this study will indicate a new direction for the circumstance of preservation through cultural employment of traditional high-class housing as well as reduce maintenance and damage for dweller's convenience. Furthermore, this study will propose a renovation for popularization of Korean cultural assets through the gradual implementation of both economic value and public worth.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2013

Disaster management is successful if the situation in the event of an accident to minimize casualties and property damage, and commitment to improve the efficiency of personnel and material, and further the administration site conditions promptly reported to the director or the people. transmit from one generation to the next the stability of the society could seek would be. In this respect.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2012

Recently, For the most efficient use of spaceis, high-rise buildings tend to increase. So it is with Korea, too. Besides, today high-rise buildings grows due to fire damage to life and property at large. In this study, Through analysis of domestic and foreign fire case and listen to the high-rise building fire managers, tenants, professionals advice, when the fire from the high-rise building, effective fire suppression tactics should we wish to research ways. In addition, we have used the car gondola was installed outside the fire suppression methods in studying. So that fire-fighting is a fire place can be reached quickly, many casualties and property damage, will be reduced.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.694-701
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• 2021

Catastrophic events cause casualties, damage property, and lead to huge social impacts. To build common standards and facilitate international communications regarding disasters, the relevant authorities in social management rank them in subjectively imposed terms such as direct economic losses and loss of life. Terrorist attacks involving uncertain human factors, which are roughly graded based on the rule of property damage, are even more difficult to interpret and assess. In this paper, we collected 114 183 open-source records of terrorist attacks and used a machine learning method to grade them synthetically in an automatic and objective way. No subjective claims or personal preferences were involved in the grading, and each derived common factor contains the comprehensive and rich information of many variables. Our work presents a new automatic ranking approach and is suitable for a broad range of gradation problems. Furthermore, we can use this model to grade all such attacks globally and visualize them to provide new insights.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.87-97
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• 2004

This paper presents a new approach with meso scale structure models to express mechanical property, such as stress - strain relationships, of concrete. This approach is successful to represent both uniaxial tension and uniaxial compression stress - strain relationship, which is in macro scale. The meso scale approach is also applied to predict degraded mechanical properties of frost-damaged concrete. The degradation of mechanical properties with frost-damaged concrete was carefully observed. Strength and stiffness in both tension and compression decrease with freezing and thawing cycles (FTC), while stress-free crack opening in tension softening increases. First attempt shows that the numerical simulation can express the experimentally observed degradation by introducing changes in the meso scale structure in concrete, which are assumed based on observed damages in the concrete subjected to FTC. At the end applicability of the meso scale approach to prediction of the degradation by combined effects of salt attack and FTC is discussed. It is shown that clarification of effects of frost damage in concrete on corrosion progress and on crack development in the damaged cover concrete due to corrosion is one of the issues for which the meso scale approach is useful.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.526-538
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• 2016

Fumigants are used worldwide for control of biological agents that damage wooden cultural property. To establish a policy for fumigant use, biological evaluation of insects and microorganisms considering many factors is required. This study was performed to evaluate biological sensitivity and wood penetration of three fumigants applied for control of biological agents that damage wooden cultural properties in Korea. Among these, methyl bromide and ethylene oxide can control insects and fungi when exposed directly. However, they were unable to completely control biological agents within deeper parts of wood. Ethanedinitrile, which was developed as an alternative fumigant, exhibited outstanding wood penetration and biocidal efficacy. Further research involving various environmental conditions is warranted.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2022년도 학술발표회
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• pp.275-275
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• 2022

Tsunamis triggered by undersea earthquakes have the characteristic of longer wavelengths and can propagate a very long distance. Although the occurrence frequency of tsunami is low, it can cause casualties and properties. Historically, tsunamis that occurred on the western coast of Japan attacked the eastern coast of the Korean Peninsula and damaged the property and the loss of human life in 1983 and 1993. By tsunami in 1983 especially, 2 people were killed, and more than 200 casualties occurred. In addition, it caused 2 million dollars in property damage at Imwon Port. In 2011, The eastern cities of Japan: Iwate, Miyagi, Ibaraki, and Fukushima were damaged by a tsunami that occurred near onshore along the Pacific ocean and caused more than 300 billion dollars in property damage, and 20,000 casualties occurred. Moreover, those provoked nuclear power plant meltdown at Fukushima. In this study, it was carried out a relationship between maximum tsunami heights and fault parameters of earthquake: strike angle, dip angle, and slip angle at Imwon port. Those fault parameters are known that it does not relate to the magnitude of earthquake directly. Virtual tsunamis, which could be triggered by probable undersea earthquakes in the future, were investigated and mutual information based on probability and information theory was introduced to figure out the relationship between maximum tsunami height and fault parameters. Fault parameters were evaluated according to the strong relationship with maximum tsunami heights finally.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2009

오늘날 재해의 위험으로부터 안전하게 살고자 하는 대중들의 욕구는 증가하고 있지만 최근의 기후변화와 이상홍수의 사례에서 볼 때 현재 우리가 처해 있는 자연재해로부터의 위협은 과거와는 상이하다는 것을 알 수 있다. 이렇게 변화하는 상황에 대처하기 위해서는 우리가 노출된 재해의 특성을 평가하는 과정이 선행되어져야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 지역회귀분석을 적용하여 가능 피해금액을 추산하고, 이를 통해 각 지역별 홍수위험도를 평가하는 방법을 제안하였다. 홍수로 인한 피해는 인명이나 재산피해가 주를 이루기 때문에 홍수 위험도평가 결과도 홍수에 취약한 인명이나 재산으로 표현되는 것이 적절하다고 판단된다. 지역회귀분석은 강우-유출모형이나 확률분포모형의 매개변수들을 유역특성인자들로 표현하기 위해 수문학(水文學) 분야에서 널리 사용되어져 왔으며 본 연구에서는 이 방법을 홍수 피해금액 추정에 응용하였다. 지역회귀방법의 절차로는 먼저 계측지역(과거 홍수 피해금액 자료가 충분한 지역)에서는 홍수 피해금액과 시강우량 자료를 바탕으로 비선형 회귀분석을 실시하였고, 다음으로 이 회귀식의 계수를 다시 해당 지역의 인문.사회 경제학적 인자들로 표현하였다. 이러한 방법으로 지역적 인자들이 홍수 피해에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 분석할 수 있었으며 궁극적으로 미계측지역(과거 자료가 충분하지 않은 지역)에서도 지역적 인자들을 통해 특정 빈도에 발생 가능한 홍수 피해금액을 추정할 수 있었다. 또한 추정된 홍수 피해금액과 지역 총 자산의 비를 Flood Vulnerability Index (FVI)라 하였으며 이를 통해 특정빈도 강우로 인해 도시 내에서 피해를 입을 수 있는 재산의 범위를 추정하고, 홍수위험지도로도 나타내었다. 본 연구 결과를 수자원장기종합계획에서 홍수위험도 평가를 위해 사용된 홍수피해 잠재능(Potential Flood Damage; PFD)과 비교해 보면 PFD에서는 각 인자들의 가중치 산정에서 전문가의 오판이 부분적으로 개입될 수 있다는 단점이 있었으나 지역회귀에 근거한 본 연구에서는 이러한 단점을 극복할 수 있었다. 또한 FVI는 과거 재해피해와 높은 상관관계를 나타냈지만 PFD는 실제 지역별 취약도를 잘 반영하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.372-380
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• 2003

Impact tests were conducted to study the effect of angle ply and metal laminate on impact damage characteristics of Fiber Metal laminates (FML). Impact tests were conducted using drop weight impact machine and damage behavior were analyzed by comparing with load-displacement curve and surface observation and microscopic observation of cross sections. The effect of angle ply on impact characteristics of FML are influenced by property of metal laminate. i.e., when the metal laminate is not enough to strong to prevent fiber debonding, Angle ply FML is superior to singly oriented ply (SOP) FML because angle ply enhance the stiffness by fiber supports and prevent (rack propagation. However, when the metal laminate is enough to strong to prevent fiber debonding, SOP FML is superior to Angle ply FML because the fiber of lower ply in Angle ply FML are more stressed than that of SOP FML.